47 research outputs found
Artifacts observed in critical-point-dried preparations of human chromosomes by electron microscopy
Effect of trypsin on DNA methylation in isolated nuclei from developing sea urchin embryos
Bands or Chromomeres: A Functional Interpretation of Banding and Speculation about a Model of Nucleous and Chromosome Organization in the Eucaryots
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Endocrinopathies with use of cancer immunotherapies
BackgroundImmunomodulatory therapies, including CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors, provide a directed attack against cancer cells by preventing T cell deactivation. However, these drugs also prevent the downregulation of auto-reactive T cells, resulting in immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Reports show a varied incidence of endocrine IRAEs, ranging from 0% to 63%.ObjectiveTo describe the frequency and clinical characteristics of endocrine IRAEs in patients taking cancer immunomodulatory therapies.DesignRetrospective cohort study.PatientsA total of 388 patients aged ≥18 years who were prescribed ipilimumab, nivolumab and/or pembrolizumab between 2009 and 2016 at our institution.MeasurementsBiochemical criteria were used to define endocrine IRAEs, including thyroid, pituitary, pancreas and adrenal dysfunction, following use of immunomodulatory therapies.ResultsFifty endocrine IRAEs occurred in our cohort, corresponding to a rate of 12.9%. The most common endocrine IRAEs were thyroid dysfunction (11.1%), with a lower incidence of pituitary dysfunction (1.8% of patients).ConclusionsOver 12% of patients receiving ipilimumab, nivolumab and/or pembrolizumab in our study sample developed an endocrine IRAE. Patients who undergo treatment with immunomodulatory therapies should be monitored for the development of endocrine IRAEs