Policy Risk in Action: Pension Reforms and Social Security Wealth in Hungary, Czech Republic, and Slovakia

We provide evidence on the policy risk of social security in Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia by computing the changes in the social security wealth induced by the pension reforms undertaken since the 1990s. Methodologically we follow upon McHale’s (2001) study of selected reforms in G7 countries. However, as we measure the differential impact of the reform on workers of different genders, ages, and levels of education, we are able to capture the aggregate, intergenerational, and intragenerational aspects of the policy risk. Overall, the paper documents that also a pay-as-you-go system is not a secure source of retirement income since pension reforms do change the future contributions and benefits in different directions for different workers, and the magnitude of the reductions in social security wealth sometimes exceeds several years’ worth of the workers’ earnings.social security, policy risk, pension reforms

Policy Risk in Action: Pension Reforms and Social Security Wealth in Hungary, Czech Republic, and Slovakia

We provide evidence on the policy risk of social security in Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia by computing the changes in the social security wealth induced by the pension reforms undertaken since the 1990s. Methodologically we follow upon McHale’s (2001) study of selected reforms in G7 countries. However, as we measure the differential impact of the reform on workers of different genders, ages, and levels of education, we are able to capture the aggregate, intergenerational, and intragenerational aspects of the policy risk. Overall, the paper documents that also a pay-as-you-go system is not a secure source of retirement income since pension reforms do change the future contributions and benefits in different directions for different workers, and the magnitude of the reductions in social security wealth sometimes exceeds several years’ worth of the workers’ earnings.social security, policy risk, pension reforms

Návrhy daňových změn : kolik přidají veřejným rozpočtům?

Evaluation of the impacts of tax changes on government revenues and expenditures is indispensable for evidencebased policy making. Czech government discussed several alternative proposals to change the value added tax (VAT) rates and social security rates during 2010 and 2011. This article estimates the impact of these proposals on the public sector budget deficits. The main contribution of the article is in quantifying a wide range of response channels through which the proposed tax changes affect the government revenues and expenditures. The relationship between the proposed VAT changes and the pension reform is discussed, as is the reallocation of revenue and expenditures within the public sector

Policy risk in action: Pension reforms and social security wealth in Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia

We provide evidence on the policy risk of social security in Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia by computing the changes in the social security wealth induced by the pension reforms undertaken since the 1990s. Methodologically we follow upon McHale' (2001) study of selected reforms in G7 countries. However, as we measure the differential impact of the reform on workers of different genders, ages, and levels of education, we are able to capture the aggregate, intergenerational, and intragenerational aspects of the policy risk. Overall, the paper documents that also a pay-as-you-go system is not a secure source of retirement income since pension reforms do change the future contributions and benefits in different directions for different workers, and the magnitude of the reductions in social security wealth sometimes exceeds several years' worth of the workers' earnings

Pamiri house in Badakhshan

The theme of the work is the phenomen of traditional Pamiri architecture, Pamiri house as such, in which, until nowdays the Pamiris live. This house tells a lot about material and spiritual culture, religion and history of the people living in the rough mountain environment of Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Province. The symbolism of the traditional Pamiri house relates to the ismáʿílic religion (one of the forms of the shiʿa islam) in which the Pamiris believe in. The work also describes and analyses the relationship between Pamiris and their own traditions, history, religion and culture. The base of the work lies in the field research of the author. He travelled and investigated through Gorno Badakhshan between August and October 2006 and September and October 2008.The theme of the work is the phenomen of traditional Pamiri architecture, Pamiri house as such, in which, until nowdays the Pamiris live. This house tells a lot about material and spiritual culture, religion and history of the people living in the rough mountain environment of Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Province. The symbolism of the traditional Pamiri house relates to the ismáʿílic religion (one of the forms of the shiʿa islam) in which the Pamiris believe in. The work also describes and analyses the relationship between Pamiris and their own traditions, history, religion and culture. The base of the work lies in the field research of the author. He travelled and investigated through Gorno Badakhshan between August and October 2006 and September and October 2008

Harsher prison sentences for murder? An impact evaluation of the legislative proposal

The study presents the estimated impacts of the bill to increase prison sentences for serious crimes on the numbers of prison inmates. The proposed increase in sentences would apply to wilful murders and to minors who commit the most serious crimes, including reducing the age of criminal responsibility for these crimes

Do goverments grow when they become more efficient? Evidence from tax withholding

The paper examines the claim that more efficient taxes lead to bigger government by studying the effects of income tax withholding, a particular technological shock to tax efficiency

Preparation and reactions of phenylsulfonyl-O-(4-nitrobenzoyl)formamidoximu

Nukleofilní adicí hydroxylaminu na benzensulfonylkyanid byl připraven benzensulfonylformamidoxim. Methanolýza probíhá ve jako následná dvojstupňová reakce.Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo

Study of cyclization and solvolysis of acylamidoximes

Reakcemi substituovaných amidoximů s acylchloridy a chloroformiáty byly připraveny reakční série substituovaných amidoximkarbonátů a O-benzoylbenzamidoximů. Byla studována kinetika methanolýzy substituovaných arylbenzamidoximkarbonátů a O-benzylbenzamidoximů. Byla též studována reakce amidoximkarbonátů s hydroxilovým iontem a vodou v bazickém prostředí vodných roztoků louhů a pufrů.Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo