Estado da arte sobre o cooperativismo

This work sought to understand how the academic production on cooperativism is adequate, having as main objective to map the areas of concentration of the studies of this area in Brazil. The period of analysis was from the year 2010 to 2016. To map the studies that would be analyzed was used the database of theses and dissertations of CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES) and as a filter the word "Cooperativism "According to the results, the results of the above-mentioned variables were determined using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Rio Grande do Sul is the focus of studies focused on the geographic knowledge sub-area. Studies with approaches to production, credit, and agricultural cooperatives obtained a relevant number, the lowest index being for tourism, leisure, and infrastructure cooperatives.Este trabalho buscou entender como se adequa a produção acadêmica sobre o cooperativismo tendo como objetivo principal mapear as áreas de concentração dos estudos desta área no Brasil. O período de análise foi do ano de 2010 a 2016. Para mapear os estudos que seriam analisados foi utilizado a base de dados de teses e dissertações da CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e como filtro a palavra “Cooperativismo”. Diante disso, apurou-se 296 trabalhos entre teses e dissertações com abordagem sobre a temática. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), onde foi apurado os resultados das váriaveis citadas. De acordo com resultados, o Rio Grande do Sul está em destaque com estudos concentrados na subárea de conhecimento de Geografia . Os estudos com abordagens sobre cooperativas de produção, crédito e agropecuário obteve um número relevante, o menor índice foi para as cooperativas de turismo, lazer e infraestrutura

Ocorrência de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp em cães de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil

A leptospirose é uma doença sistêmica causada por bactéria Leptospira spp. que afeta seres humanos, animais domésticos e selvagens. O presente trabalho investigou a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. na população canina da cidade de Teresina-Piauí, e os respectivos sorovares predominantes. Amostras de sangue de 425 cães foram coletadas no Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Teresina, no período de julho de 2010 a janeiro de 2012, e submetidas à prova de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM). Este estudo encontrou uma taxa de infecção média com 17,41% (IC 95%; 13,8 – 21,0) e 11 sorovares reagentes, sendo os prevalentes Canicola (18,9%), Autumnalis (16,2%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (12,1%) e Butembo (12,1%). As questões levantadas neste estudo indicam a ocorrência de infecção por Leptospira spp em cães da cidade de Teresina-Piauí, Brasil.Leptospirosis is a systemic disease caused by the species of bacteria Leptospira spp., which affects human beings, domestic and wild animals. The present study searched the presence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. in the canine population of the city Teresina, Piauí, and the most common serovars. Blood samples from 425 stray dogs were collected in the local zoonosis center in Teresina from July 2010 to January 2012 and submitted to the Microscopic Seroagglutination Test (MAT). This study found an average infection rate of 17.41% (IC 95%; 13,8 – 21,0) by 11 different serovars; the four most frequent were Canicola (18.9%), Autumnalis (16.2%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (12.1%), and Butembo (12.1%). The questions raised in this study indicated the occurrence of Leptospira spp infection in dogs of Terezina- Piaui, Brazil

Efeito da Pandemia por Covid-19 nos Cuidados de Indivíduos com Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne

ntrodução: Desde dezembro de 2019, a comunidade científica está mobilizada para a contenção da pandemia pela COVID-19. Embora indivíduos portadores de Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) apresentem doença pulmonar restritiva, risco de imunossupressão e cardiomiopatia associada, não são grupo de risco para a COVID-19. DMD é doença neuromuscular, genética e progressiva, de início na infância. Para manejo da doença, faz-se necessário acompanhamento multidisciplinar para melhora da qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Identificar o impacto da pandemia nos cuidados aos pacientes com DMD e suas repercussões. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo. A amostra foi composta por pacientes com diagnóstico de DMD com idade entre 4 e 18 anos acompanhados no serviço de neuropediatria. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevista com responsáveis e avaliação do prontuário, a partir de um questionário. A análise estatística foi descritiva com uso de medida de tendência central e dispersão. Resultados: Dentre os 44 pacientes incluídos, a mediana de idade foi de 12 anos e o tipo de mutação gênica predominante a deleção (56,8%). A mediana de idade dos primeiros sintomas foi de 4 anos. Treze pacientes tiveram contato com familiares positivos para COVID-19 e testaram positivo para a doença. Onze receberam a vacina contra COVID-19. Os acompanhamentos médicos sofreram grande redução no período pandêmico, bem como a fisioterapia respiratória e motora. Conclusão: A pandemia interferiu nos atendimentos multidisciplinares aos pacientes com DMD. Como uma doença crônica e degenerativa, os indivíduos com DMD necessitam de cuidados contínuos, o que foi interrompido pelo cenário pandêmico

Drought Assessment in São Francisco River Basin, Brazil : Characterization through SPI and Associated Anomalous Climate Patterns

The São Francisco River Basin (SFRB) is one of the main watersheds in Brazil, standing out for generating energy and consumption, among other ecosystem services. Hence, it is important to identify hydrological drought events and the anomalous climate patterns associated with dry conditions. The Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for 12 months was used to identify hydrological drought episodes over SFRB 1979 and 2020. For these episodes, the severity, duration, intensity, and peak were obtained, and SPI-1 was applied for the longest and most severe episode to identify months with wet and dry conditions within the rainy season (Nov–Mar). Anomalous atmospheric and oceanic patterns associated with this episode were also analyzed. The results revealed the longest and most severe hydrological drought episode over the basin occurred between 2012 and 2020. The episode over the Upper portion of the basin lasted 103 months. The results showed a deficit of monthly precipitation up to 250 mm in the southeast and northeast regions of the country during the anomalous dry months identified through SPI-1. The dry conditions observed during the rainy season of this episode were associated with an anomalous high-pressure system acting close to the coast of Southeast Brazil, hindering the formation of precipitating systems

A ESF SUPERANDO O MODELO MÉDICO-HEGEMÔNICO NA PRÁTICA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA

Introdução: o modelo biomédico sofre críticas pelo foco curativista, desvalorização do processo saúde-doença e distanciamento dos aspectos socioeconômicos culturais

Pelvic Drop Changes due to Proximal Muscle Strengthening Depend on Foot-Ankle Varus Alignment

Background. Strengthening of hip and trunk muscles can modify pelvis and hip movements. However, the varus alignment of the foot-ankle complex (FAC) may influence the effects of muscle strengthening, due to the relationship of FAC alignment with pelvic and hip kinematics. This study evaluated the effects of hip and trunk muscle strengthening on pelvis and hip kinematics during walking, in subgroups with larger and smaller values of FAC varus alignment. In addition, this study evaluated the effects of hip and trunk muscle strengthening on hip passive and active properties, in the same subgroups. Methods. Fifty-three women, who were divided into intervention and control groups, participated in this nonrandomized controlled trial. Each group was split into two subgroups with larger and smaller values of FAC varus alignment. Hip and trunk muscle strengthening was performed three times a week for two months, with a load of 70% to 80% of one repetition maximum. Before and after strengthening, we evaluated (1) pelvis and hip excursions in the frontal and transverse planes during walking, (2) isokinetic hip passive external rotator torque, and (3) isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torques of the hip external rotator muscles. Mixed analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were carried out for each dependent variable related to walking kinematics and isokinetic measurements (α=0.05). Results. The subgroup with smaller varus alignment, of the intervention group, presented a reduction in pelvic drop after strengthening (P=0.03). The subgroup with larger varus alignment increased pelvic drop after strengthening, with a marginal significance (P=0.06). The other kinematic excursions did not change (pelvic anterior rotation P=0.30, hip internal rotation P=0.54, and hip adduction P=0.43). The intervention group showed increases in passive torque (P=0.002), peak concentric torque (P<0.001), and peak eccentric torque (P<0.001), independently of FAC alignment. These results suggest that FAC varus alignment influences the effects of strengthening and should be considered when hip and trunk muscle strengthening is used to reduce pelvic drop during walking

Atmospheric and Oceanic Patterns Associated with Extreme Drought Events over the Paraná Hydrographic Region, Brazil

The Paraná Hydrographic Region (PHR) is one of the main hydrographic basins in Brazil, standing out for its energy generation and consumption, among other ecosystem services. Thus, it is important to identify hydrological drought events and the driest periods inside of these droughts to understand the anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns associated with them (a multiscale study). This study used the standardized precipitation index (SPI) for the 12-month scale to identify hydrological drought episodes in the PHR from 1979 to 2021. For these episodes, the severity, duration, intensity, and peak were obtained, and the SPI-6 was applied to the longest and most severe drought to identify periods with dry conditions during the wet season. Anomalous atmospheric and oceanic patterns associated with such episodes were also analyzed. The results reveal that the longest and most severe hydrological drought on the PHR started in 2016. The end of this episode was not identified by the end of the analyzed period. The SPI-6 revealed three rainy seasons during this drought event marked by anomalous dry conditions: 2016/2017, 2019/2020, and 2020/2021. In general, the circulation patterns identified differ in each period, for example, in 2016/2017, an El Niño event was dominant, in 2019/2020, the tropical Pacific Ocean showed neutral conditions, and in 2020/2021, a La Niña episode was registered. Despite that, in the three periods, the anomalous atmospheric patterns contributed to the weakening of the low-level jet east of the Andes and, consequently, to the decreasing of the moisture transport to the PHR, then leading to dry conditions over the basin