The effect of the use of emulsion systems on the potential of phenolic extracts from blueberry on the prolongation of the oil oxidative stability : diploma thesis

Kultivirana borovnica (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) predstavlja jedan od najbogatijih prirodnih izvora polifenola u prehrani čovjeka. Raznolikost biološkog potencijala polifenolnih spojeva potvrđena je rezultatima brojnih znanstvenih studija. U ovom je istraživanju ispitan utjecaj fenolnih ekstrakata dobivenih iz svježih plodova te nakon različitih načina obrade plodova borovnice (liofilizacija, pasterizacija, obrada ultrazvukom visokog intenziteta) na povećanje oksidacijske stabilnosti ekstra djevičanskog maslinovog ulja. U cilju povećanja biološkog potencijala fenolnih ekstrakata u kombinaciji s njima korištene se dvije vrste emulzija tretirane postupkom mehaničke homogenizacije i ultrazvukom visokog intenziteta. Oksidacijska stabilnost ekstra djevičanskog maslinovog ulja mjerena Rancimat uređajem pokazala je značajan porast primjenom smjese emulzija i ekstrakata borovnice u odnosu na primjenu čistih fenolnih ekstrakata borovnice.Cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) represents one the richest natural sources of polyphenols. Numerous studies reported a huge range of biological potential of polyphenols. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of phenolic extracts from cultivated blueberry obtained from raw plant material as well as from plant material treated by different techniques (pasteurization, freeze-drying and the use of high intensity ultrasound) on the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil. In order to enhance the biological potential of different phenolic extracts from blueberry, the application of oil in water emulsion system was used. Prepared emulsions have been treated by mechanical homogenization and ultrasound of high intensity . Results showed that the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil measured by Rancimat apparatus was significantly prolonged after the use of phenolic extracts with emulsions

With food to health : proceedings of the 10th International scientific and professional conference

Proceedings contains 13 original scientific papers, 10 professional papers and 2 review papers which were presented at "10th International Scientific and Professional Conference WITH FOOD TO HEALTH", organised in following sections: Nutrition, Dietetics and diet therapy, Functional food and food supplemnents, Food safety, Food analysis, Production of safe food and food with added nutritional value

The effect of the use of emulsion systems on the potential of phenolic extracts from blueberry on the prolongation of the oil oxidative stability : diploma thesis

Kultivirana borovnica (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) predstavlja jedan od najbogatijih prirodnih izvora polifenola u prehrani čovjeka. Raznolikost biološkog potencijala polifenolnih spojeva potvrđena je rezultatima brojnih znanstvenih studija. U ovom je istraživanju ispitan utjecaj fenolnih ekstrakata dobivenih iz svježih plodova te nakon različitih načina obrade plodova borovnice (liofilizacija, pasterizacija, obrada ultrazvukom visokog intenziteta) na povećanje oksidacijske stabilnosti ekstra djevičanskog maslinovog ulja. U cilju povećanja biološkog potencijala fenolnih ekstrakata u kombinaciji s njima korištene se dvije vrste emulzija tretirane postupkom mehaničke homogenizacije i ultrazvukom visokog intenziteta. Oksidacijska stabilnost ekstra djevičanskog maslinovog ulja mjerena Rancimat uređajem pokazala je značajan porast primjenom smjese emulzija i ekstrakata borovnice u odnosu na primjenu čistih fenolnih ekstrakata borovnice.Cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) represents one the richest natural sources of polyphenols. Numerous studies reported a huge range of biological potential of polyphenols. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of phenolic extracts from cultivated blueberry obtained from raw plant material as well as from plant material treated by different techniques (pasteurization, freeze-drying and the use of high intensity ultrasound) on the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil. In order to enhance the biological potential of different phenolic extracts from blueberry, the application of oil in water emulsion system was used. Prepared emulsions have been treated by mechanical homogenization and ultrasound of high intensity . Results showed that the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil measured by Rancimat apparatus was significantly prolonged after the use of phenolic extracts with emulsions

The effect of the use of emulsion systems on the potential of phenolic extracts from blueberry on the prolongation of the oil oxidative stability : diploma thesis

Kultivirana borovnica (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) predstavlja jedan od najbogatijih prirodnih izvora polifenola u prehrani čovjeka. Raznolikost biološkog potencijala polifenolnih spojeva potvrđena je rezultatima brojnih znanstvenih studija. U ovom je istraživanju ispitan utjecaj fenolnih ekstrakata dobivenih iz svježih plodova te nakon različitih načina obrade plodova borovnice (liofilizacija, pasterizacija, obrada ultrazvukom visokog intenziteta) na povećanje oksidacijske stabilnosti ekstra djevičanskog maslinovog ulja. U cilju povećanja biološkog potencijala fenolnih ekstrakata u kombinaciji s njima korištene se dvije vrste emulzija tretirane postupkom mehaničke homogenizacije i ultrazvukom visokog intenziteta. Oksidacijska stabilnost ekstra djevičanskog maslinovog ulja mjerena Rancimat uređajem pokazala je značajan porast primjenom smjese emulzija i ekstrakata borovnice u odnosu na primjenu čistih fenolnih ekstrakata borovnice.Cultivated blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) represents one the richest natural sources of polyphenols. Numerous studies reported a huge range of biological potential of polyphenols. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of phenolic extracts from cultivated blueberry obtained from raw plant material as well as from plant material treated by different techniques (pasteurization, freeze-drying and the use of high intensity ultrasound) on the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil. In order to enhance the biological potential of different phenolic extracts from blueberry, the application of oil in water emulsion system was used. Prepared emulsions have been treated by mechanical homogenization and ultrasound of high intensity . Results showed that the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil measured by Rancimat apparatus was significantly prolonged after the use of phenolic extracts with emulsions

Phenolic Extracts from Vaccinium corymbosum L. Loaded in Microemulsions and Liposomes as Enhancers of Olive Oil Oxidative Stability

Natural phenolic compounds are recognized as bioactive ingredients in food but can also have a role as effective alternatives to synthetic antioxidants in stability improvement of foods prone to oxidation, such as edible oils. This study aimed at the preparation and HPLC-DAD characterization of phenolic extracts from lisccinium corymbosum L. (raw, pasteurized, freeze-dried and treated with high-intensity ultrasound), and at testing their antioxidant potential in the prevention of olive oil oxidation in the native state and encapsulated into microemulsions and liposomes systems. Water-in-oil structured microemulsions used in this study were prepared using mechanical, ultrasonic, and high pressure homogenization. Liposomes with the average size of 589.1 +/- 2.9 nm were produced with the proliposome method using commercially available phosphatidylcholine - Phospolipon 90G. The obtained results showed significant prolongation of the oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil enriched with encapsulated blueberry phenolic extracts than with native phenolic extracts, regardless of the method used for blueberry processing. Phenolic extracts encapsulated in microemulsions had a stronger effect on the prolongation of olive oil oxidative stability in comparison with the extracts encapsulated in liposomes. The average prolongation rate of oxidative stability was 45.65% by phenolic extracts encapsulated in microemulsions prepared by mechanical homogenization (p=0.012), and 58.72% by microemulsions prepared by ultrasound homogenization (p=0.011). Phenolic extracts encapsulated in microemulsions prepared by high pressure homogenization had no effect on oil oxidative stability prolongation

Intraoperative ventilator settings and their association with postoperative pulmonary complications in neurosurgical patients: post-hoc analysis of LAS VEGAS study

Background: Limited information is available regarding intraoperative ventilator settings and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. The aim of this post-hoc analysis of the 'Multicentre Local ASsessment of VEntilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery' (LAS VEGAS) study was to examine the ventilator settings of patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures, and to explore the association between perioperative variables and the development of PPCs in neurosurgical patients. Methods: Post-hoc analysis of LAS VEGAS study, restricted to patients undergoing neurosurgery. Patients were stratified into groups based on the type of surgery (brain and spine), the occurrence of PPCs and the assess respiratory risk in surgical patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score risk for PPCs. Results: Seven hundred eighty-four patients were included in the analysis; 408 patients (52%) underwent spine surgery and 376 patients (48%) brain surgery. Median tidal volume (VT) was 8 ml [Interquartile Range, IQR = 7.3-9] per predicted body weight; median positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 5 [3 to 5] cmH20. Planned recruitment manoeuvres were used in the 6.9% of patients. No differences in ventilator settings were found among the sub-groups. PPCs occurred in 81 patients (10.3%). Duration of anaesthesia (odds ratio, 1.295 [95% confidence interval 1.067 to 1.572]; p = 0.009) and higher age for the brain group (odds ratio, 0.000 [0.000 to 0.189]; p = 0.031), but not intraoperative ventilator settings were independently associated with development of PPCs. Conclusions: Neurosurgical patients are ventilated with low VT and low PEEP, while recruitment manoeuvres are seldom applied. Intraoperative ventilator settings are not associated with PPCs

Epidemiology, Practice of Ventilation and Outcome for Patients at Increased risk of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: Las Vegas - an Observational Study in 29 Countries

BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes with patients at low risk of PPCs. DESIGN This was a prospective international 1-week observational study using the ‘Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score’ (ARISCAT score) for PPC for risk stratification. PATIENTS AND SETTING Adult patients requiring intraoperative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the incidence of patients at increased risk of PPCs based on the ARISCAT score. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative ventilatory management and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 9864 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The incidence of patients at increased risk was 28.4%. The most frequently chosen tidal volume (VT) size was 500 ml, or 7 to 9 ml kg1 predicted body weight, slightly lower in patients at increased risk of PPCs. Levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were slightly higher in patients at increased risk of PPCs, with 14.3% receiving more than 5 cmH2O PEEP compared with 7.6% in patients at low risk of PPCs (P < 0.001). Patients with a predicted preoperative increased risk of PPCs developed PPCs more frequently: 19 versus 7%, relative risk (RR) 3.16 (95% confidence interval 2.76 to 3.61), P < 0.001) and had longer hospital stays. The only ventilatory factor associated with the occurrence of PPCs was the peak pressure. CONCLUSION The incidence of patients with a predicted increased risk of PPCs is high. A large proportion of patients receive high VT and low PEEP levels. PPCs occur frequently in patients at increased risk, with worse clinical outcome

Nonelective surgery at night and in-hospital mortality - Prospective observational data from the European Surgical Outcomes Study

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that sleep deprivation associated with night-time working may adversely affect performance resulting in a reduction in the safety of surgery and anaesthesia. OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to evaluate an association between nonelective night-time surgery and in-hospital mortality. We hypothesised that urgent surgery performed during the night was associated with higher in-hospital mortality and also an increase in the duration of hospital stay and the number of admissions to critical care. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. This is a secondary analysis of a large database related to perioperative care and outcome (European Surgical Outcome Study). SETTING Four hundred and ninety-eight hospitals in 28 European countries. PATIENTS Men and women older than 16 years who underwent nonelective, noncardiac surgery were included according to time of the procedure. INTERVENTION None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality; the secondary outcome was the duration of hospital stay and critical care admission. RESULTS Eleven thousand two hundred and ninety patients undergoing urgent surgery were included in the analysis with 636 in-hospital deaths (5.6%). Crude mortality odds ratios (ORs) increased sequentially from daytime [426 deaths (5.3%)] to evening [150 deaths (6.0%), OR 1.14; 95% confidence interval 0.94 to 1.38] to night-time [60 deaths (8.3%), OR 1.62; 95% confidence interval 1.22 to 2.14]. Following adjustment for confounding factors, surgery during the evening (OR 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.31) and night (OR 1.20; 95% confidence interval 0.9 to 1.6) was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative death. Admittance rate to an ICU increased sequentially from daytime [891 (11.1%)], to evening [347 (13.8%)] to night time [149 (20.6%)]. CONCLUSION In patients undergoing nonelective urgent noncardiac surgery, in-hospital mortality was associated with well known risk factors related to patients and surgery, but we did not identify any relationship with the time of day at which the procedure was performed