The Autumn Celebrations of the Ritual Calendar Year in the Later-Stuart Period

This thesis discusses the patterns in the celebrations of the autumn ritual calendar of the later-Stuart period. It focuses on the annual celebrations of the Gunpowder Treason and Plot (5th of November) and the Anniversary of the Accession of Queen Elizabeth (17th of November). For comparison, the Lord Mayor\u27s Show (29th of October) is studied. The central theme of this thesis is to distinguish between the customs and traditions of the two dominant cultures of the later-Stuart period: elite and non-elite. This thesis is broken down into three chapters. The first chapter discusses the November celebrations of the later-Stuart period. It illustrates the similarities between the 5th of November and the 17th of November by examining where the celebrations took place (indoors or outdoors) and who participated in them (elite or commoners). This thesis uses and analyzes official and partisan newspapers from the 1660s to 1715. It was through the analysis of these newspapers that the celebrants and ceremony could be discovered. The second chapter examines the participants, content, and form of the October and November celebrations. It discusses who the participants where (elite or commoner, adult or youth), what specifically occurred during these celebrations (bonfires, bells, public dancing, rough music, beer barrels, pageants, balls, banquets, and fireworks), and how the celebrations were constructed (when they began, where they commenced, the route, and where they ended). A central theme to this chapter discusses the three tiered model of the social culture extant within the late-Stuart dynasty. This three tiered model is the elite sphere, the popular sphere, and the interaction between these two cultures. The third chapter examines the continuation of these three annual celebrations into the nineteenth century

The Autumn Celebrations of the Ritual Calendar Year in the Later-Stuart Period

This thesis discusses the patterns in the celebrations of the autumn ritual calendar of the later-Stuart period. It focuses on the annual celebrations of the Gunpowder Treason and Plot (5th of November) and the Anniversary of the Accession of Queen Elizabeth (17th of November). For comparison, the Lord Mayor\u27s Show (29th of October) is studied. The central theme of this thesis is to distinguish between the customs and traditions of the two dominant cultures of the later-Stuart period: elite and non-elite. This thesis is broken down into three chapters. The first chapter discusses the November celebrations of the later-Stuart period. It illustrates the similarities between the 5th of November and the 17th of November by examining where the celebrations took place (indoors or outdoors) and who participated in them (elite or commoners). This thesis uses and analyzes official and partisan newspapers from the 1660s to 1715. It was through the analysis of these newspapers that the celebrants and ceremony could be discovered. The second chapter examines the participants, content, and form of the October and November celebrations. It discusses who the participants where (elite or commoner, adult or youth), what specifically occurred during these celebrations (bonfires, bells, public dancing, rough music, beer barrels, pageants, balls, banquets, and fireworks), and how the celebrations were constructed (when they began, where they commenced, the route, and where they ended). A central theme to this chapter discusses the three tiered model of the social culture extant within the late-Stuart dynasty. This three tiered model is the elite sphere, the popular sphere, and the interaction between these two cultures. The third chapter examines the continuation of these three annual celebrations into the nineteenth century

Studies on the oxidative protein folding pathway in yeast

The oxidative protein folding (OPF) pathway is conserved across prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. In yeast, the OPF is catalysed by the essential proteins protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) and endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin (Ero1p) within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is unclear why PDI1 is an essential gene, as upregulation of some yPDI homologues can restore viability to a ?pdi1 strain. The essentiality of PDI was therefore investigated to identify a potential suppressor of ?pdi1 lethality (supX), with the hypothesis that supX would be upregulation of yPDI homologues. As the purpose of the non-essential yPDI homologues is unknown this would help characterise the yeast OPF pathway as well as providing a potential mechanism to increase OPF in vivo. A genetic screen was carried out to search for potential extragenic suppressors of the lethality seen in a ?pdi1 mutant using a plasmid shuffling strategy. A number of viable mutants were obtained but these arose either via genomic recombination with the plasmid-borne PDI1 or through direct resistance to 5-FOA used in the screen. Two other PDI-less mutants obtained showed a loss of viability upon storage. Glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPx7) and glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPx8) are ER localised mammalian proteins that couple the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to reoxidation of PDI, simultaneously alleviating H2O2 stress in the ER and increasing the rate of OPF. There are no known ER-localised peroxiredoxin proteins in S. cerevisiae and so GPx7 and GPx8 were expressed in yeast to remove accumulated H¬2O2 as this may be a limiting factor in OPF. Neither GPx7 nor GPx8 had any effect on levels of intracellular H2O2 in vivo or cellular sensitivity to H2O2. Furthermore there was no effect on the rate of OPF in vivo and in vitro. It is possible that there is no functional interaction between yeast PDI and the mammalian proteins GPx7 and GPx8

Respuesta de las comunidades de peces y macroinvertebrados bentónicos de la cuenca del Alto Tajo a la contaminación por sedimentos inertes procedentes de la minería del caolín. Propuesta de medidas de restauración ecológica

Este Trabajo de Fin de Máster analiza los efectos de un vertido de sedimentos procedentes de la erosión de los materiales de una mina de caolín abandonada sobre las comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentónicos y peces de un tramo del río Tajo situado en el Parque Natural del Alto Tajo. La respuesta a la perturbación se ha medido mediante la aplicación de indicadores bióticos. Además, se ha realizado una caracterización hidrológica y geomorfológica del río Tajo para evaluar su capacidad de movilizar los sedimentos procedentes de la mina con el objetivo de diseñar medidas de restauración ecológica complementarias a las que va a implantar un proyecto LIFE en la zona. Se ha confirmado que el vertido tiene consecuencias negativas para las comunidades de macroinvertebrados y peces de la zona. No obstante, dado que el río tiene capacidad para movilizar los sedimentos que llegan desde la mina, se prevé un retorno a las condiciones de referencia observadas en el tramo de control una vez que el proyecto LIFE elimine la perturbación. De este modo, tanto los macroinvertebrados como los peces deberían ser capaces de recuperarse sin necesidad de aplicar medidas de restauración ecológica adicionales. La descripción del estado de las comunidades de peces y macroinvertebrados de la zona de estudio es anterior a la implantación de las medidas de restauración del proyecto LIFE. Por ello, proporciona la situación de partida para el seguimiento y la evaluación de su eficacia. Además, se aporta una metodología apropiada para realizar el seguimiento y evaluación de estas medidas en lo que respecta a las comunidades de peces y macroinvertebrados bentónicos del Alto Tajo.This Masters Dissertation assesses the effects of silting caused by the erosion of waste materials at an abandoned Kaolin mine on benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities of the river Tagus in the Parque Natural del Alto Tajo nature reserve. Response to the perturbation has been measured using biotic indicators. A hydrological and geomorphological characterisation of the river has been performed in order to assess its ability to mobilise the sediments arriving from the mine and thus design ecological restoration measures that may complement the implementation of an ongoing LIFE project designed to tackle the problem. It has been confirmed that silting caused by the mine’s sediments has deleterious effect on the area’s fish and macroinvertebrate communities. However, given that the river is able to mobilise these sediments, a return to reference conditions is envisaged once the LIFE project removes the perturbation. Hence, both the fish and the macroinvertebrates should recover without the need for further restoration measures. The description of the state of fish and macroinvertebrate communities is prior to the implementation of the LIFE project’s restoration measures. Thus, it delivers the benchmark to assess their efficacy. Furthermore, a suitable methodology has been provided to monitor and evaluate these measures as concerns the upper Tagus’ communities of fish and macroinvertebrates.Máster Universitario en Restauración de Ecosistemas (M139

Reconfiguring social value in health research through the lens of liminality

Despite the growing importance of ‘social value’ as a central feature of research ethics, the term remains both conceptually vague and to a certain extent operationally rigid. And yet, perhaps because the rhetorical appeal of social value appears immediate and self‐evident, the concept has not been put to rigorous investigation in terms of its definition, strength, function, and scope. In this article, we discuss how the anthropological concept of liminality can illuminate social value and differentiate and reconfigure its variegated approaches. Employing liminality as a heuristic encourages a reassessment of how we understand the mobilization of ‘social value’ in bioethics. We argue that social value as seen through the lens of liminality can provide greater clarity of its function and scope for health research. Building on calls to understand social value as a dynamic, rather than a static, concept, we emphasize the need to appraise social value iteratively throughout the entire research as something that transforms over multiple times and across multiple spaces occupied by a range of actors

Experience of overseas-trained health professionals in rural and remote areas of destination countries: A literature review

This study aimed to review and synthesise existing literature that investigated the experience of overseastrained health professionals (OTHPs) in rural and remote areas of destination countries. A systematic literature review was conducted using electronic databases and manual search of studies published from January 2004 to February 2011. Data were analysed from the final 17 original report articles that met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed research studies were conducted in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the USA. Overseas-trained medical practitioners were the most frequently researched (n = 14); two studies involved nurses and one study included several health professionals. Three main themes emerged from the review and these were: (i) expectations; (ii) cultural diversity; and (iii) orientation and integration to rural and remote health work environment. The OTHPs were expected to possess the appropriate professional and cultural skills while they themselves expected recognition of their previous experiences and adequate organisational orientation and support. A welcoming and accepting community coupled with a relaxed rural lifestyle and the joy of continued patient care resulted in successful integration and contributed to increased staff retention rates. Recognition of expectations and cultural diversity by all parties and comprehensive orientation with sufficient organisational support are important elements in the integration of OTHPs and subsequent delivery of quality health care to people living in rural and remote areas