887 research outputs found
Endoskopische Diagnostik und Therapie der gastrointestinalen Blutung
Zusammenfassung: Die gastrointestinale Blutung stellt unveränderte einen der häufigsten medizinischen Notfälle dar. Obwohl die Mortalität in den letzten Jahren durch Verbesserung der endoskopischen Diagnostik und Therapie leicht gesenkt werden konnte, liegt sie immer noch bei 15%. Zahlreiche Publikationen zu neuen Techniken und Therapiestrategien zeigen kontroverse Ergebnisse, so dass der Endoskopiker in seinen Therapienentscheidungen häufig auf seine persönliche Erfahrung angewiesen ist. Daher werden in diesem Artikel, neben einer neuerer Literaturanalyse zu diesem Thema, Therapieempfehlungen für die Praxis aus dem eigenen Erfahrungsbereich gegebe
Estimating the costs for the airport operator and airlines of a drone-related shutdown:An application to Frankfurt International Airport
Commercially-acquired drones threaten airport operations due to limited knowledge of airspace safety regulations or deliberate action by drone operators. This study aims to determine whether the investment cost of a drone-defence system can be justified in relation to the financial cost of a drone-related shutdown. To that end, a case study of Frankfurt Airport is carried out with simulations of different disruptions during a peak-activity period similar to the 2018 Gatwick drone incident. With data on passenger traffic and airline schedules, we developed a passenger recovery algorithm to determine the amount of delays caused by the disruptions and the costs for the airport operator and the airlines. Results show that the investment in a drone-defence system is offset by the costs of a 48-h continued closure or several smaller closures, but since the largest share of costs is borne by the airlines, investments should be shared between both stakeholder
Evaluation of organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides against six vector mosquitoe species
Três compostos organo-fosforados - malation, folition e temefos -e dois piretroides sintéticos - alfametrina e deltametrina - foram usados para controlar o estado da susceptibilidade das larvas e adultos de seis mosquitos vetores na Índia. Foram utilizadas cepas de laboratório e área de Culex quinquefasciatus (filariasis) e Aedes albopictus (Dengue) e cepas de laboratório de Aedes aegypti (Dengue), Anopheles stephensi e Anopheles culicifacies (Malária) e Culex tritaenorhynchus (encefalite japonesa). Os valores de C1(50) obtidos para esses inseticidas mostram que todas as espécies incluindo as cepas de área foram muito susceptíveis. Nos mosquitos adultos das referidas espécies salvo na cepa da área de Culex quinquefasciatus com o malathion, observou-se 100% da mortalidade às doses discriminatórias recomendadas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. O efeito residual da alfametrina, deltametrina, malation e folition a 25 mg (ai)/m² em diversas superfícies contra seis espécies de mosquitos vetores evidenciou que a alfametrina foi a mais efetiva em todas as superfícies tratadas (argila, "plywood", cimento e palha).Three organophosphorus compounds- malathion, folithion and temephos- and two synthetic pyrethroids- alphamethrin and deltamethrin- were used for monitoring the susceptibility status of larvae and adults of six vector mosquitoe species: Culex quinquefasciatus (Filariasis) and Aedes albopictus (Dengue) (both laboratory and field strains); laboratory strains of Aedes aegypti (Dengue), Anopheles slephensi and Anopheles culicifacies (Malaria), and Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Japanese encephalitis) in India. From the LC50 values obtained for these insecticides, it was found that all mosquito species including the field strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. albopictus were highly susceptible Except for Cx. quinquefasciatus (field strain) against malathion, 100% mortality was observed at the discriminating dosages recommended by World Health Organization. The residual effect of alphamethrin, deltamethrin, malathion and folithion at 25 mg (ai)/m² on different surfaces against six species of vector mosquitoes showed that alphamethrin was the most effective on all four treated surfaces (mud, plywood, cement and thatch). Nevertheless, residual efficacy lasted longer on thatch than on the other surfaces. Therefore, synthetic pyrethroids such as alphamethrin can be effectively employed in integrated vector control operations
Discovery of a massive supercluster system at
Superclusters are the largest relatively isolated systems in the cosmic web.
Using the SDSS BOSS survey we search for the largest superclusters in the
redshift range .
We generate a luminosity-density field smoothed over
to detect the large-scale over-density regions. Each individual over-density
region is defined as single supercluster in the survey. We define the
superclusters in the way that they are comparable with the superclusters found
in the SDSS main survey.
We found a system we call the BOSS Great Wall (BGW), which consists of two
walls with diameters 186 and 173 Mpc, and two other major superclusters
with diameters of 64 and 91 Mpc. As a whole, this system consists of
830 galaxies with the mean redshift 0.47. We estimate the total mass to be
approximately . The morphology of the
superclusters in the BGW system is similar to the morphology of the
superclusters in the Sloan Great Wall region.
The BGW is one of the most extended and massive system of superclusters yet
found in the Universe.Comment: 4 pages, accepted as a letter in A&
How much dark matter is there inside early-type galaxies?
We study the luminous mass as a function of the dynamical mass inside the
effective radius (r_e) of early-type galaxies (ETGs) to search for differences
between these masses. We assume Newtonian dynamics and that any difference
between these masses is due to the presence of dark matter. We use several
samples of ETGs -ranging from 19 000 to 98 000 objects- from the ninth data
release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We perform Monte Carlo (MC)
simulations of galaxy samples and compare them with real samples. The main
results are: i) MC simulations show that the distribution of the dynamical vs.
luminous mass depends on the mass range where the ETGs are distributed
(geometric effect). This dependence is caused by selection effects and
intrinsic properties of the ETGs. ii) The amount of dark matter inside r_e is
approximately 7% +- 22%. iii) This amount of dark matter is lower than the
minimum estimate (10%) found in the literature and four times lower than the
average (30%) of literature estimates. However, if we consider the associated
error, our estimate is of the order of the literature average.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures. MNRAS accepte
A semi-analytical perspective on massive galaxies at
The most massive and luminous galaxies in the Universe serve as powerful
probes to study the formation of structure, the assembly of mass, and
cosmology. However, their detailed formation and evolution is still barely
understood. Here we extract a sample of massive mock galaxies from the
semi-analytical model of galaxy formation (SAM) GALACTICUS from the
MultiDark-Galaxies, by replicating the CMASS photometric selection from the
SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). The comparison of the
GALACTICUS CMASS-mock with BOSS-CMASS data allows us to explore different
aspects of the massive galaxy population at , including the
galaxy-halo connection and the galaxy clustering. We find good agreement
between our modelled galaxies and observations regarding the galaxy-halo
connection, but our CMASS-mock over-estimates the clustering amplitude of the
2-point correlation function, due to a smaller number density compared to BOSS,
a lack of blue objects, and a small intrinsic scatter in stellar mass at fixed
halo mass of dex. To alleviate this problem, we construct an alternative
mock catalogue mimicking the CMASS colour-magnitude distribution by randomly
down-sampling the SAM catalogue. This CMASS-mock reproduces the clustering of
CMASS galaxies within 1 and shows some environmental dependency of star
formation properties that could be connected to the quenching of star formation
and the assembly bias.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, submitted to MNRA
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