Masa Depan Kesarjanaan Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

AbstactBasic education, in Religious Minister Affairs calls madrasah ibtidaiyah, plays a critical role in holistically developing children in their golden age, which includes attitude, intelligence, and movement or action. Children in elementary school require quality education to create significant cognitive, affective, and spicomotor abilities. This paper was a qualitative study based on library research, with academic literature serving as the primary source. Researchers attempted to explore ideas by reading relevant literature to generate new ideas for providing provisions for prospective teachers at madrasah ibtidayah. The purpose was to generate new ideas that will assist PGMI (teacher traning for madrasaha ibtidaiyah departpent) graduates in becoming individuals who are prepared to face unforeseen challenges. The researh findings are mentioned bellow, The first, PGMI graduates should become dedicated teachers who work totally in training, guiding, teaching and educating pupils in that level. The second is PGMI graduates should be mentally rich to guaranty that that teacher stand independently without expecting to get fee from teacing at madrasas. A devoted teacher has a fierce fighting spirit that does not waver in the face of adversity, such as low salery and limited facilities. Teachers must have a rich mentality to make them not overly reliant on the salaries and facilities provided by madrasas, because private madrasas cannot guarantee the welfare of teachers.Keywords: Future, Bachelor, PGM

Recognizing emotions through facial expressions: a largescale experimental study

Experimental research examining emotional processes is typically based on the observation of images with affective content, including facial expressions. Future studies will benefit from databases with emotion-inducing stimuli in which characteristics of the stimuli potentially influencing results can be controlled. This study presents Portuguese normative data for the identification of seven facial expressions of emotions (plus a neutral face), on the Radboud Faces Database (RaFD). The effect of participants' gender and models' sex on emotion recognition was also examined. Participants (N = 1249) were exposed to 312 pictures of white adults displaying emotional and neutral faces with a frontal gaze. Recognition agreement between the displayed and participants' chosen expressions ranged from 69% (for anger) to 97% (for happiness). Recognition levels were significantly higher among women than among men only for anger and contempt. The emotion recognition was higher either in female models or in male models depending on the emotion. Overall, the results show high recognition levels of the facial expressions presented, indicating that the RaFD provides adequate stimuli for studies examining the recognition of facial expressions of emotion among college students. Participants' gender had a limited influence on emotion recognition, but the sex of the model requires additional consideration

Neurophysiological correlates of near-wins in gambling: a systematic literature review

Identification of specific patterns of brain activity related to problem gambling may provide a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms, highlighting the importance of neurophysiological studies to better understand development and persistence of gambling behavior. The patterns of cognitive functioning have been investigated through electroencephalography (EEG) studies based on the near-win/near-miss (NW) effect. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the neurophysiological basis of NWs and their modulation by gambling problems through a systematic review of event-related potentials (ERP) studies elicited by feedback events. The review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA). A total of 15 studies were included, 12 comprising non-problem gamblers (NPGs) and three comparing problem gamblers (PGs) with matched controls. For the P300 component, the win outcome elicited a larger amplitude than the other outcomes (NW and loss), followed by the NW outcome, which elicited a larger amplitude than loss in some studies. For feedback-related negativity (FRN), the loss outcome evoked a more negative amplitude in several studies, despite eliciting a similar amplitude to NW outcomes in others. For PGs, the NW outcome evoked a higher amplitude of P300 than loss, while NPGs showed a similar amplitude to both outcomes. The present review gathered information from different sources and provides a consistent view of the different studies. However, studies lack systematic and robust methodologies, leading to inconsistent results and making it difficult to reach any definitive conclusions

Unicentric mixed variant castleman disease associated with intrabronchial plasmacytoma.

Castleman disease (CD), described as a heterogeneous lymphoproliferative disorder, can be divided into different subtypes according to clinical appearance (unicentric and multicentric form) and histopathological features (hyaline vascular, plasma cell, mixed type, human herpesvirus 8-associated and multicentric not otherwise specified). Unicentric CD is known to be usually of the hyaline vascular variant, plasma cell and mixed type of this form are quite uncommon. Malignancies are mainly associated with the multicentric form. We report a rare case of unicentric mixed variant CD evolving into intrabronchial, extramedullary plasmacytoma.Intrabronchial mass with consequential obstruction of the left main bronchus, left lung atelectasis and mediastinal lymphadenomegaly was detected by chest CT in our patient suffering from cough and hemoptysis. Pulmonectomy was performed, histopathological and immunhistochemical analysis of lymph nodes revealed mixed type of CD with interfollicular monotypic plasma cell proliferation. The intrabronchial mass consisted of monotypic plasma cells confirming plasmacytoma. Systemic involvement was not confirmed by further tests.Although malignancies more often present in multicentric CD that usually belongs to the plasma cell subtype, this case confirms the neoplastic potential of the rarest, unicentric mixed variant of CD.Virtual slides: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2872096831190851

Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Program - Virtual Reality (CARP-VR): A program for cognitive rehabilitation of executive dysfunction

Every year millions of individuals sustain Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) often resulting in physical, cognitive and psychosocial deficits, leading to life-long changes in the quality of life of patients and their families. In the domain of rehabilitation, virtual-reality (VR) technology has assumed a crucial role in the creation of innovative assessment and training programs. The purpose of this study is to present the Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Program (CARP-VR) after a brief review of the state of the art. CARP-VR was tailored to the rehabilitation of executive functioning and other related cognitive functions in patients with ABI. It consists of virtual environments that simulate real-life contexts in which patients perform various activities that are based on daily situations. The final version of CARP-VR is now ready to be employed, and tests have been designed to validate it as a tool for the rehabilitation of executive functioning and related cognitive functions. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and seroconvertion to anti-HBsAg in laboratory staff in Goiânia, Goiás Soroprevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B e soroconversão para anti-HBsAg em profissionais de laboratório em Goiânia, Goiás

Were analyzed 648 serum samples from laboratory staff in Goiânia, Goiás aiming detection of three serological markers of HBV: HBsAg, anti-HBsAg and anti-HBcAg. The HBsAg and anti-HBcAg positive samples were also analyzed for HBeAg, anti-HBeAg and anti-HBcAgIgM markers. HBV infection rate of 24.1% was observed and, from them, 0.7% were positive for HBsAg. Viral DNA was detected by PCR in two HBsAg positive samples. A vaccination index of 74.5% and a global index of 89.9% of serological response to vaccination were observed. The direct work with biological fluids as well as cleaning workers represented significant risks for acquisition of HBV infection. The data from the present study showed an increase of the vaccination index among laboratory staff but the rates of HBV infection did not change through the years in the region.<br>Neste estudo, foram analisadas 648 amostras de soro, provenientes de profissionais de laboratório de Goiânia-Goiás, visando a detecção de três marcadores sorológicos do VHB: HBsAg, anti-HBsAg e anti-HBcAg. As amostras HBsAg e anti-HBcAg positivas foram também analisadas para os marcadores HBeAg, anti-HBeAg e anti-HBcAgIgM. Foi observado um percentual de soropositividade para infecção pelo VHB de 24,1% sendo que 0,7% destes foram positivos para o HBsAg. O DNA viral foi detectado por PCR nas duas amostras HBsAg positivas. Dos 648 profissionais, 74,5% relataram vacinação para o VHB e, destes, 89,9% apresentaram soroconversão. Trabalho direto com fluidos biológicos bem como trabalho em serviços gerais representaram risco significativo para aquisição da infecção pelo VHB. Os resultados do estudo mostram que embora tenha havido um aumento no índice de vacinação entre os trabalhadores de laboratório, o índice de infecção pelo VHB manteve-se inalterado em relação ao tempo na região