Astigmatid mites as supplementary food for improved strains of Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)

[SPA] La presencia continua de agentes de control biológico es fundamental en el éxito del control biológico, siendo Orius laevigatus uno de los depredadores más utilizados. Su éxito es gracias a su capacidad de alimentarse de otros alimentos alternativos como el polen. Pero existen cultivos carentes de polen por lo que se recurre a alimentos suplementarios. Una posibilidad son los ácaros astigmátidos, utilizados con éxito en la producción de ácaros depredadores, pero no para los insectos depredadores. Hemos estudiado la alimentación con estos ácaros presa en varias poblaciones de O. laevigatus, una comercial y otras seleccionadas para una mejor respuesta alimentándose de polen. Las razas seleccionadas presentaron mejor supervivencia durante el desarrollo ninfal y mayor fecundidad cuando se alimentan de ácaros astigmátidos. Por lo tanto, estos ácaros astigmátidos podrían usarse como un alimento suplementario rentable sobre los cultivos para mejorar la nstalación y supervivencia de nuestras razas mejoradas. [ENG] The continuous presence of biological control agents is fundamental in the success of biological control, being Orius laevigatus one of the most used predators. Its success is thanks to its ability to feed on other alternative foods such as pollen. But there are crops devoid of pollen, so supplementary foods are used. One possibility is astigmatid mites, used successfully in the production of predatory mites, but not for predatory insects. We have studied feeding with these prey mites in various populations of O. laevigatus, one commercial and others selected for a better response feeding on pollen. The selected strains presented better survival during nymphal development and higher fecundity when they feed on astigmatid mites. Therefore, these astigmatid mites could be used as a costeffective supplementary feed on crops to improve the establishment and survival of our improved strains.Esta investigación fue financiada por el proyecto PID2020-116897RB-I00 financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. El contrato de A.R.-G. fue cofinanciado por el Plan de Apoyo a la I+D+i de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. El contrato de V. B. fue financiado por proyecto DC2021-121383-I00 financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/0.13039/501100011033 y European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR. El contrato de A.B.A. fue cofinanciado por la ayuda 21578/FPI/21 de la Fundación Séneca (Región de Murcia) y Agrobío. El contrato de I.S.-M. fue financiado por el proyecto PLEC2021-007774 financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR

Variability of fecundity of populations of Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) at low temperatures

[SPA] Los enemigos naturales son sensibles a fluctuaciones ambientales, siendo la temperatura el factor ambiental que más influye. La fecundidad de Orius laevigatus disminuye a bajas temperaturas, mientras que el trips, Frankliniella occidentalis, es capaz de desarrollarse, generándose una falta de control en invierno. Obtener cepas tolerantes al frío posibilitaría sueltas tempranas mejorando el biocontrol en esta época. Por tanto, se estudió la variabilidad de 4 poblaciones silvestres mediterráneas y 1 comercial en su fecundidad a 15 °C, respecto de la fecundidad del control, a 26 °C. Existen diferencias significativas de la fecundidad entre las poblaciones a bajas temperaturas. Agrobío destaca en fecundidad a 26°C y Cazorla a 15°C, siendo esta última la que presenta una mayor fecundidad para ambos tratamientos respecto al resto de poblaciones silvestres. Este es el inicio de un proceso de selección para la obtención de poblaciones adaptadas al frío, mejorando el biocontrol del trips en invierno. [ENG] Natural enemies are sensitive to environmental fluctuations, with temperature being the most influential environmental factor. The fertility of Orius laevigatus decreases at low temperatures, while the thrips, rankliniella occidentalis, is able to develop, generating a lack of control in winter. Obtaining cold-tolerant strains would allow early releases, improving biocontrol at this time. Therefore, the variability of 4 Mediterranean wild populations and 1 commercial population in their fecundity at 15 °C, compared to the fecundity of the control, at 26 °C, was studied. There are significant differences in fecundity between populations at low temperatures. Agobío stands out in fecundity at 26°C and Cazorla at 15°C, the latter being the one with the highest fecundity for both treatments compared to the rest of the wild populations. This is the beginning of a selection process to obtain populations adapted to cold, improving biocontrol of thrips in winterEsta investigación fue financiada por el proyecto PID2020-116897RB-I00 financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. El contrato de A.R.-G. fue cofinanciado por el Plan de Apoyo a la I+D+i de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. El contrato de V. B. fue financiado por proyecto PDC2021-121383-I00 financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR. El contrato de A.B.A. fue cofinanciado por la ayuda 21578/FPI/21 de la Fundación Séneca (Región de Murcia) y Agrobío. El contrato de I.S.-M. fue financiado por el proyecto PLEC2021-007774 financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR

Trends in hip fracture in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Results from the Spanish National Inpatient Registry over a 17-year period (1999–2015). TREND-AR study

Purpose T o analyse trends in hip fracture (HF) rates in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over an extended time period (17 years). Methods T his observational retrospective survey was performed by reviewing data from the National Surveillance System for Hospital Data, which includes more than 98% of Spanish hospitals. All hospitalisations of patients with RA and HF that were reported from 1999 to 2015 were analysed. Codes were selected using the Ninth International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification: ICD-9-CM: RA 714.0 to 714.9 and HF 820.0 to 820.3. The crude and age-adjusted incidence rate of HF was calculated by age and sex strata over the last 17 years. General lineal models were used to analyse trends. Results Between 1999 and 2015, 6656 HFs occurred in patients with RA of all ages (84.25% women, mean age 77.5 and 15.75% men, mean age 76.37). The ageadjusted osteoporotic HF rate was 221.85/100 000 RA persons/ year (women 227.97; men 179.06). The HF incidence rate increased yearly by 3.1% (95% CI 2.1 to 4.0) during the 1999–2015 period (p<0.001) and was more pronounced in men (3.5% (95% CI 2.1 to 4.9)) than in women (3.1% (95% CI 2.3 to 4.1)). The female to male ratio decreased from 1.54 in 1999 to 1.14 in 2015. The average length of hospital stays (ALHS) decreased (p<0.001) from 16.76 days (SD 15.3) in 1999 to 10.78 days (SD 7.72) in 2015. Age at the time of hospitalisation increased (p<0.001) from 75.3 years (SD 9.33) in 1999 to 79.92 years (SD 9.47) in 2015. There was a total of 326 (4.9%) deaths during admission, 247 (4.4%) in women and 79 (7.5%) in men (p<0.001). Conclusion I n Spain, despite the advances that have taken place in controlling disease activity and in treating osteoporosis, the incidence rate of HF increased in both male and female patients with RA.This work has a help for the research provided by the Society of Rheumatology of the Community of Madrid (SORCOM)

Biological characterization of a mutant in the biological control agent Orius laevigatus

[SPA] El insecto depredador Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) es un agente de control biológico muy importante en cultivos protegidos, utilizado para controlar pequeñas plagas, especialmente el trips. En el equipo de investigación, se estableció una nueva población de insectos con esta mutación con color del cuerpo anaranjado, que fue llamada población ámbar. Se discute la utilidad del mutante naranja como marcador visible para estudios biológicos y ecológicos de este importante agente de control biológico. [ENG] The predatory insect Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), is a very important biological control agent in protected crops, used to control small pests, especially thrips. Therefore, the research team established a new population of insects with this mutation with orange body colour, which was called the amber population. Genetic analysis determined that the mutation (amber) was controlled by a single autosomal recessive allele. The usefulness of the orange mutant as a visible marker for biological and ecological studies of this species is discussed.Escuela Técnica superior de Ingeniería AgronómicaUniversidad Politécnica de Cartagen

Switching TNF antagonists in patients with chronic arthritis: An observational study of 488 patients over a four-year period

The objective of this work is to analyze the survival of infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab in patients who have switched among tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists for the treatment of chronic arthritis. BIOBADASER is a national registry of patients with different forms of chronic arthritis who are treated with biologics. Using this registry, we have analyzed patient switching of TNF antagonists. The cumulative discontinuation rate was calculated using the actuarial method. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves, and Cox regression models were used to assess independent factors associated with discontinuing medication. Between February 2000 and September 2004, 4,706 patients were registered in BIOBADASER, of whom 68% had rheumatoid arthritis, 11% ankylosing spondylitis, 10% psoriatic arthritis, and 11% other forms of chronic arthritis. One- and two-year drug survival rates of the TNF antagonist were 0.83 and 0.75, respectively. There were 488 patients treated with more than one TNF antagonist. In this situation, survival of the second TNF antagonist decreased to 0.68 and 0.60 at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Survival was better in patients replacing the first TNF antagonist because of adverse events (hazard ratio (HR) for discontinuation 0.55 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.84)), and worse in patients older than 60 years (HR 1.10 (95% CI 0.97-2.49)) or who were treated with infliximab (HR 3.22 (95% CI 2.13-4.87)). In summary, in patients who require continuous therapy and have failed to respond to a TNF antagonist, replacement with a different TNF antagonist may be of use under certain situations. This issue will deserve continuous reassessment with the arrival of new medications. © 2006 Gomez-Reino and Loreto Carmona; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Initial presenting manifestations in 16,486 patients with inborn errors of immunity include infections and noninfectious manifestations

Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are rare diseases, which makes diagnosis a challenge. A better description of the initial presenting manifestations should improve awareness and avoid diagnostic delay. Although increased infection susceptibility is a well-known initial IEI manifestation, less is known about the frequency of other presenting manifestations. Objective: We sought to analyze age-related initial presenting manifestations of IEI including different IEI disease cohorts. Methods: We analyzed data on 16,486 patients of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies Registry. Patients with autoinflammatory diseases were excluded because of the limited number registered. Results: Overall, 68% of patients initially presented with infections only, 9% with immune dysregulation only, and 9% with a combination of both. Syndromic features were the presenting feature in 12%, 4% had laboratory abnormalities only, 1.5% were diagnosed because of family history only, and 0.8% presented with malignancy. Two-third of patients with IEI presented before the age of 6 years, but a quarter of patients developed initial symptoms only as adults. Immune dysregulation was most frequently recognized as an initial IEI manifestation between age 6 and 25 years, with male predominance until age 10 years, shifting to female predominance after age 40 years. Infections were most prevalent as a first manifestation in patients presenting after age 30 years. Conclusions: An exclusive focus on infection-centered warning signs would have missed around 25% of patients with IEI who initially present with other manifestations. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021;148:1332-41.