Experiments on the production of a highly dispersible calcium carbonate. ('Experimental section' only) [Translation from: Szklo i Ceramiki 30, 133-136, 1979]

This short translation summarises experiments on the production of a highly dispersible precipitate of calcium carbonate. The translation covers the 'Experimental section' (of the original larger paper) only

Motorički konverzivni poremećaj kod djece i adolescenata: klinička obilježja i rehabilitacijski tretman

Motor conversion disorder (CD) is a rare but very severe medical problem in children and adolescents. It often causes a risk of long-term disability, social restrictions, educational problems, increased psychiatric morbidity such as anxiety and depression, and the symptoms of pain and fatigue. Proper diagnosis and treatment coupled with strict compliance on the part of the patient and his family during therapy have a major impact on quick recovery. The most effective way of curing motor CD is to introduce simultaneously a multimodal treatment consisting of individual and family psychotherapy, education, physiotherapy procedures based on modifi ed behavioral principles, and pharmacology for co-morbid anxiety and depression disorders. A necessary condition for therapeutic success is to convince the child’s parents that the symptoms are psychogenic. This helps to gain their best cooperation. As conversion disorders are usually associated with a signifi cant burden for the child, family, and the health care system, we decided to draw attention in this article to the importance of multimodal rehabilitation procedures in motor CD treatment in order to achieve optimal therapeutic results.Motorički konverzivni poremećaj rijedak je ali ozbiljan medicinski problem u djece i adolescenata. On često predstavlja rizik za nastanak dugotrajnih teškoća, socijalnih ograničenja, teškoća u obrazovanju, poremećaja poput anksioznosti i depresije te također simptoma poput bolova i umora. Ispravna dijagnoza i tretman te aktivna uključenost pacijenta i njegove obitelji značajno utječu na brzinu oporavka. Najučinkovitiji način liječenja ovog poremećaja sastoji se u multimodalnom tretmanu koji uključuje individualnu i obiteljsku psihoterapiju, edukaciju, fi zioterapijske postupke bazirane na modifi ciranim bihevioralnim načelima te korištenje lijekova za liječenje anskioznosti i depresije. Nužan preduvjet uspješne terapije jest uvjeriti roditelje da su djetetovi simptomi psihogeni, što najviše pomaže u njihovom pridobivanju na suradnju. Budući da konverzivni poremećaji predstavljaju značajno opterećenje za dijete, obitelj i sustav zdravstvene skrbi, ovim radom željeli smo skrenuti pozornost na važnost multimodalnih rehabilitacijskih postupaka u tretmanu motoričkog konverzivnog poremećaja, kako bi se se postigli optimalni rezultati u terapiji

A sufficient condition for existence of constantly nondominated trajectories in linear time-invariant systems

The paper considers multicriteria optimal control problem in linear time-invariant systems with a single bounded input. It is proven that under certain assumptions a state trajectory is nondominated throughout the whole control process if and only if it is yielded by a control signal which belongs to a particular class of bang-bang functions. Furthermore, an explicit formula relating hyperplanes tangent to attainable set and control switching times is presented

A software implementation of a virtual network simulator

A software system to study network algorithms was implemen­ted on UNIX. Each part of a network algorithm is written as a single C program which becomes a virtual node in the network. During a simulation, all virtualized nodes run as separate pro­cesses on a single PDP 11/40. Inter-node communication is carried out with procedures local to each node, to send and receive inter-node messages to and from a message queuing process, Com­munication between nodes is effected by use of virtual links which are specified in the simulated network's topology. The links are implemented on inter-process pipes between the message queuing process and the node processes

The limits of contraindications to post-stroke rehabilitation

Wstęp. Udary mózgu są główną przyczyną ciężkiego i przewlekłego kalectwa, które powoduje nie tylko problemy społeczne, ale i ekonomiczne. W świetle dzisiejszych osiągnięć medycyny oczywista wydaje się rola wczesnej, ciągłej i kompleksowej rehabilitacji, której ograniczenia wynikają jedynie z istotnych przeciwwskazań. Z licznych doświadczeń wynika, że ponad 90% pacjentów, którzy przeżyli udar, można zakwalifikować do leczenia na specjalistycznym oddziale rehabilitacyjnym. Materiał i metody. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono 4 przypadki pacjentów po przebytym udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu. Przy czym przebieg udaru u tych chorych był szczególnie skomplikowany, a proces rehabilitacji - utrudniony lub musiał być indywidualnie modyfikowany ze względu na choroby towarzyszące. Wyniki. Niezależnie od patomechanizmu udaru i istniejących ciężkich powikłań u wszystkich opisywanych chorych, dzięki ciągłej i kompleksowej rehabilitacji, uzyskano poprawę funkcjonowania. Wnioski. U pacjentów z udarem mózgu mimo istotnych, czasowych przeciwwskazań do rehabilitacji, po ustabilizowaniu stanu klinicznego należy ją kontynuować. Współczesny, nowoczesny model rehabilitacji musi się charakteryzować interdyscyplinarnym ujęciem i wymaga współpracy specjalistów z różnych dziedzin: rehabilitacji, neurologii, kardiologii, interny, endokrynologii, psychiatrii i innych.Background. Stroke is the main cause of heavy and chronic disability bringing up serious economic and social problems. The necessity of complexive, early and continuous rehabilitation after stroke seems to be obvious nowadays. Limitations of rehabilitation possibilities are caused by important contraindications. More than 90% of patients who have survived acute stroke event can be admitted for rehabilitation treatment at the hospital. Material and methods. Difficulties in rehabilitation of four patients after ischaemic stroke complicated by various coexisting medical problems are discussed in this paper. Results. Nevertheless the stroke mechanism and serious complications that appeared visible functional improvement was gained in all cases due to complexive rehabilitation treatment. Conclusions. Observed contraindications to rehabilitation were temporary. Contemporary model of post-stroke rehabilitation is a interdisciplinary one and requires cooperation of specialists in physiatry, neurology, cardiology, internal medicine, endocrynology and psychiatry

Granice przeciwwskazań do rehabilitacji po udarze mózgu

Background. Stroke is the main cause of heavy and chronic disability bringing up serious economic and social problems. The necessity of complexive, early and continuous rehabilitation after stroke seems to be obvious nowadays. Limitations of rehabilitation possibilities are caused by important contraindications. More than 90% of patients who have survived acute stroke event can be admitted for rehabilitation treatment at the hospital. Material and methods. Difficulties in rehabilitation of four patients after ischaemic stroke complicated by various coexisting medical problems are discussed in this paper. Results. Nevertheless the stroke mechanism and serious complications that appeared visible functional improvement was gained in all cases due to complexive rehabilitation treatment. Conclusions. Observed contraindications to rehabilitation were temporary. Contemporary model of post-stroke rehabilitation is a interdisciplinary one and requires cooperation of specialists in physiatry, neurology, cardiology, internal medicine, endocrynology and psychiatry.Wstęp. Udary mózgu są główną przyczyną ciężkiego i przewlekłego kalectwa, które powoduje nie tylko problemy społeczne, ale i ekonomiczne. W świetle dzisiejszych osiągnięć medycyny oczywista wydaje się rola wczesnej, ciągłej i kompleksowej rehabilitacji, której ograniczenia wynikają jedynie z istotnych przeciwwskazań. Z licznych doświadczeń wynika, że ponad 90% pacjentów, którzy przeżyli udar, można zakwalifikować do leczenia na specjalistycznym oddziale rehabilitacyjnym. Materiał i metody. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono 4 przypadki pacjentów po przebytym udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu. Przy czym przebieg udaru u tych chorych był szczególnie skomplikowany, a proces rehabilitacji - utrudniony lub musiał być indywidualnie modyfikowany ze względu na choroby towarzyszące. Wyniki. Niezależnie od patomechanizmu udaru i istniejących ciężkich powikłań u wszystkich opisywanych chorych, dzięki ciągłej i kompleksowej rehabilitacji, uzyskano poprawę funkcjonowania. Wnioski. U pacjentów z udarem mózgu mimo istotnych, czasowych przeciwwskazań do rehabilitacji po ustabilizowaniu stanu klinicznego należy ją kontynuować. Współczesny, nowoczesny model rehabilitacji musi się charakteryzować interdyscyplinarnym ujęciem i wymaga współpracy specjalistów z różnych dziedzin: rehabilitacji, neurologii, kardiologii, interny, endokrynologii, psychiatrii i innych

Are Fungal Endophytes Merely Mycorrhizal Copycats? The Role of Fungal Endophytes in the Adaptation of Plants to Metal Toxicity

The contamination of soil with toxic metals is a worldwide problem, resulting in the disruption of plant vegetation and subsequent crop production. Thus, remediation techniques for contaminated soil and water remain a constant interest of researchers. Phytoremediation, which utilizes plants to remove or stabilize contaminants, is perceived to be a promising strategy. However, phytoremediation’s use to date is limited because of constraints associated with such factors as slow plant growth rates or metal toxicity. Microbial-assisted phytoremediation serves as an alternative solution, since the impact of the microbial symbionts on plant growth and stress tolerance has frequently been described. Endophytic fungi occur in almost every plant in the natural environment and contribute to plant growth and tolerance to environmental stress conditions. Although this group of symbiotic fungi was found to form association with a wide range of hosts, including the non-mycorrhizal Brassicaceae metallophytes, their role in the response of plants to metal toxicity has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the role of endophytic fungi in the tolerance of plants to toxic metals and highlights the similarities and differences between this group of symbiotic fungi and mycorrhizal associations in terms of the survival of the plant during heavy metal stress

VNS -- a virtual network simulator

A software system to study network algorithms was implemented on UNIX. Each part of a network algorithm can be written as a single C program which becomes a virtual node in the network. During a simulation all virtualized nodes run as separate processes on a single PDP 11/44. Inter-node communication is carried out with procedures local to each node, to send and receive inter-node messages to and from a message queuing process. Communication between nodes is effected by use of virtual links which are specified in the simulated network's topology. The links are implemented on inter-process pipes between the mess-age queuing process and the node processes. Run-time support routines include communication facilities and a mechanism for recording communication histories