18 research outputs found
Эффективная система охлаждения квантоскопов
Разработана каскадная компрессорная система охлаждения, реализующая цикл Линде с многокомпонентными рабочими телами, ресурс работы которой составляет 30 тыс. часов
Further evidence of the involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway in Dupuytren’s disease
Genetic background plays an important role in the development of Dupuytren's disease. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) showed that nine loci are associated with the disease, six of which contain genes that are involved in Wnt signaling (WNT2, WNT4, WNT7B, RSPO2, SFRP4, SULF1). To obtain insight in the role of these genes, we performed expression studies on affected and unaffected patient's tissues. Surgically obtained nodules and cords from eight Dupuytren's patients were compared to patient-matched control tissue (unaffected transverse palmar fascia). The Wnt-related genes found in the GWAS, the classical Wnt-downstream protein beta-catenin, as well as (myo) fibroblast markers were analyzed using real-time qPCR and immunohistochemical stainings for mRNA levels and protein levels, respectively. The collagen-coding genes COL1A1 and COL3A1 were highly upregulated on mRNA level, both in cords and nodules. Three Wnt-related genes were found to be differently regulated compared to control tissue: WNT2 was downregulated in nodules, WNT7B was upregulated in nodules, and SFRP4 was upregulated in nodules and cords. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly less staining of Wnt2 in cords, but significantly more staining for Wnt7b in nodules. There was significantly more staining of alpha-SMA in nodules and cord and beta-catenin in nodules than in control tissue. We found differences in expression, both at mRNA and protein level, in several Wnt-related genes found earlier to be associated with Dupuytren's disease. Of these, Wnt7b was upregulated and found in close association with both alpha-SMA and beta-catenin expressing cells, making it a candidate pro-fibrotic mediator in Dupuytren's disease
Identification of Histological Patterns in Clinically Affected and Unaffected Palm Regions in Dupuytren's Disease
Dupuytren's disease is a fibro-proliferative disease characterized by a disorder of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and high myofibroblast proliferation. However, studies failed to determine if the whole palm fascia is affected by the disease. The objective of this study was to analyze several components of the extracellular matrix of three types of tissues—Dupuytren's diseased contracture cords (DDC), palmar fascia clinically unaffected by Dupuytren's disease contracture (NPF), and normal forehand fascia (NFF). Histological analysis, quantification of cells recultured from each type of tissue, mRNA microarrays and immunohistochemistry for smooth muscle actin (SMA), fibrillar ECM components and non-fibrillar ECM components were carried out. The results showed that DDC samples had abundant fibrosis with reticular fibers and few elastic fibers, high cell proliferation and myofibroblasts, laminin and glycoproteins, whereas NFF did not show any of these findings. Interestingly, NPF tissues had more cells showing myofibroblasts differentiation and more collagen and reticular fibers, laminin and glycoproteins than NFF, although at lower level than DDC, with similar elastic fibers than DDC. Immunohistochemical expression of decorin was high in DDC, whereas versican was highly expressed NFF, with no differences for aggrecan. Cluster analysis revealed that the global expression profile of NPF was very similar to DDC, and reculturing methods showed that cells corresponding to DDC tissues proliferated more actively than NPF, and NPF more actively than NFF. All these results suggest that NPF tissues may be affected, and that a modification of the therapeutic approach used for the treatment of Dupuytren's disease should be considered.This work was supported by CTS-115 (Tissue Engineering Group), University of Granada/Spain
Evaluation of the photodynamic activity of Xanthene Dyes on Artemia salina described by chemometric approaches
Effects on human health and ecosystems from different levels environmental ambitions in 2010
update 2003<br>Dit rapport doet verslag van de doorrekening van drie emissieniveaus voor verzurende stoffen op het terrein van de depositie van zuur en stikstof, ozon, fijn stof en NO2 in 2010. De doorgerekende pakketten zijn de Referentieraming voor broeikasgassen, een variant met 12 aanvullende beleidsopties ten opzichte van de Referentieraming en de NMP4-inspanningsverplichtingen voor 2010. Er is verondersteld dat de buitenlandse emissies worden gereduceerd conform de NEC richtlijn voor de EU-lidstaten en volgens het Gotenburg protocol voor de overige landen. Het uitstootreductiepotentieel van de 12 beleidsopties lijkt voor SO2, NOx en NH3 voldoende om in 2010 aan de EU-verplichtingen te kunnen voldoen. Het verschil tussen de huidige situatie (2001) en de varianten in 2010 is aanzienlijk. Gegeven alle onzekerheden is er slechts een geringe kans dat het huidige beleid (Referentieraming) afdoende is om de nationale depositiedoelstellingen uit het NMP4 te halen. Met de 12 aanvullende maatregelen en met het NMP4 pakket is deze kans reeler. Het percentage landnatuur dat beschermd is (cq areaal onder de kritische depositieniveaus) tegen de invloed van depositie zal in 2010 ca 10 tot 30% bedragen. In 2010 worden geen overschrijdingen meer verwacht van de EU-doelstelling voor de bescherming van gezondheid en vegetatie tegen ozon. In 2005 lijkt de jaargemiddelde EU norm van 40 mug/m3 voor fijn stof in Nederland over het algemeen haalbaar. Lokale overschrijdingen op op 'hot spots' zijn echter niet uit te sluiten. In 2010 is de indicatieve jaargemiddelde waarde van 20 mug/m3 voor PM10 in Nederland niet haalbaar, zelfs niet tegen hoge kosten. De verbetering van de luchtkwaliteit voor NO2 zet met het bestaand beleid door, waardoor overschrijdingen steeds meer een lokaal fenomeen worden. In 2010 zal lokaal vooral langs snelwegen in stedelijk gebied de EU-norm nog worden overschreden bij zo'n 300 tot 30000 mensen.In this report the deposition and concentration levels of acidifying components, ozone, particulate matter and NO2 have been calculated for three emission variants for 2010. These emission variants consist of (1) the effect of current policies, (2) a package of 12 extra policy options in addition to current policies and (3) the emission levels as set in the Fourth National Environmental Policy Plan (NMP4). It is assumed that foreign countries will follow the European NEC-Directive or the UN-ECE protocol. For SO2, NOx and NH3 the emission reduction potential of the package of 12 measures seems to be sufficient to attain to the national EU emission obligations. Calculations show the environmental quality in 2010 to generally improve compared to the reference year of 2001. However, given all uncertainties there is only a small chance that current policies will be sufficient to meet the national deposition target for potential acid and nitrogen. In the case of the 12 measures and the NMP4 packages it is more likely that the national goals will be met. Then still critical loads are exceeded in 70 - 90% of the ecosystems. In the case of ozone no exceedances of the 2010 EU target value for the protection of human health is expected. Compliance with the annual average standard seems feasible for PM10 in the Netherlands in 2005, although local exceedances at 'hot spots' cannot be ruled out. Compliance with the 2010 annual average EU standard of 20 4g/m3 is not feasible, even at high cost. Air quality will continue to improve with respect to NO2. This causes exceedances of the yearly mean EU-NO2 limit value to become more and more local phenomena. We expect that exceedances occur mainly along motorways in urban areas and 300 to 30,000 people are expected to be exposed to these exceedances in 2010.VROM-DGM-DK
Effects on human health and ecosystems from different levels environmental ambitions in 2010
In this report the deposition and concentration levels of acidifying components, ozone, particulate matter and NO2 have been calculated for three emission variants for 2010. These emission variants consist of (1) the effect of current policies, (2) a package of 12 extra policy options in addition to current policies and (3) the emission levels as set in the Fourth National Environmental Policy Plan (NMP4). It is assumed that foreign countries will follow the European NEC-Directive or the UN-ECE protocol. For SO2, NOx and NH3 the emission reduction potential of the package of 12 measures seems to be sufficient to attain to the national EU emission obligations. Calculations show the environmental quality in 2010 to generally improve compared to the reference year of 2001. However, given all uncertainties there is only a small chance that current policies will be sufficient to meet the national deposition target for potential acid and nitrogen. In the case of the 12 measures and the NMP4 packages it is more likely that the national goals will be met. Then still critical loads are exceeded in 70 - 90% of the ecosystems. In the case of ozone no exceedances of the 2010 EU target value for the protection of human health is expected. Compliance with the annual average standard seems feasible for PM10 in the Netherlands in 2005, although local exceedances at 'hot spots' cannot be ruled out. Compliance with the 2010 annual average EU standard of 20 4g/m3 is not feasible, even at high cost. Air quality will continue to improve with respect to NO2. This causes exceedances of the yearly mean EU-NO2 limit value to become more and more local phenomena. We expect that exceedances occur mainly along motorways in urban areas and 300 to 30,000 people are expected to be exposed to these exceedances in 2010.Dit rapport doet verslag van de doorrekening van drie emissieniveaus voor verzurende stoffen op het terrein van de depositie van zuur en stikstof, ozon, fijn stof en NO2 in 2010. De doorgerekende pakketten zijn de Referentieraming voor broeikasgassen, een variant met 12 aanvullende beleidsopties ten opzichte van de Referentieraming en de NMP4-inspanningsverplichtingen voor 2010. Er is verondersteld dat de buitenlandse emissies worden gereduceerd conform de NEC richtlijn voor de EU-lidstaten en volgens het Gotenburg protocol voor de overige landen. Het uitstootreductiepotentieel van de 12 beleidsopties lijkt voor SO2, NOx en NH3 voldoende om in 2010 aan de EU-verplichtingen te kunnen voldoen. Het verschil tussen de huidige situatie (2001) en de varianten in 2010 is aanzienlijk. Gegeven alle onzekerheden is er slechts een geringe kans dat het huidige beleid (Referentieraming) afdoende is om de nationale depositiedoelstellingen uit het NMP4 te halen. Met de 12 aanvullende maatregelen en met het NMP4 pakket is deze kans reeler. Het percentage landnatuur dat beschermd is (cq areaal onder de kritische depositieniveaus) tegen de invloed van depositie zal in 2010 ca 10 tot 30% bedragen. In 2010 worden geen overschrijdingen meer verwacht van de EU-doelstelling voor de bescherming van gezondheid en vegetatie tegen ozon. In 2005 lijkt de jaargemiddelde EU norm van 40 mug/m3 voor fijn stof in Nederland over het algemeen haalbaar. Lokale overschrijdingen op op 'hot spots' zijn echter niet uit te sluiten. In 2010 is de indicatieve jaargemiddelde waarde van 20 mug/m3 voor PM10 in Nederland niet haalbaar, zelfs niet tegen hoge kosten. De verbetering van de luchtkwaliteit voor NO2 zet met het bestaand beleid door, waardoor overschrijdingen steeds meer een lokaal fenomeen worden. In 2010 zal lokaal vooral langs snelwegen in stedelijk gebied de EU-norm nog worden overschreden bij zo'n 300 tot 30000 mensen