Study of Ettawa Crossbreed’s Grade for Source at Livestock Farmer in East Lombok Regency (Case Study on Livestock Farmers)

This study to determine the performance of shoulder height, body weight and grade of PE goats kept by livestock farmers in East Lombok Regency. This research was conducted from June to July 2022 using survey methods, observations and direct interviews with livestock farmers in East Lombok Regency. the location where the research was carried out based on recommendations from the Puskeswan. Pringgabaya, Sakra Barat and Jerowaru sub-districts are the 3 sub-districts that are the research locations, from each selected sub-district there are 3 villages representing each sub-district and 10 livestock farmers in each village, with details of 3 sub-districts, 9 villages and 90 livestock farmers. The variables observed in this study included the identity of the livestock farmer, the rearing system, the housing system, performance (body weight and shoulder height) and the farmer's grade of PE goat. Data were analyzed using Arithmetic Mean and Standard Deviation. Most of the high shoulder performance of PE goats in East Lombok Regency is not standardized by SNI 7352;2015. The grade of PE goats in East Lombok Regency were 58 PE goats aged 4-8 months which entered grade D and 9 goats entered grade C, 75 PE goats aged 8-12 months which entered grade D and some livestock in Jerowaru District is included in E while 13 goats in West Sakra District are included in grade C, 165 PE goats aged 12-36 months are included in grade D and 9 goats are included in grade C, 58 PE goats aged 4-8 months are included into grade D and 9 goats entered into grade C, 38 PE goats aged 36 months and over entered into grade C

Produktivitas Kambing Perah Peranakan Ettawa (PE) pada Tingkat Kelompok Tani Ternak di Lombok Tengah (Studi Kasus Pada Kelompok Tani Ternak)

This study aims to determine the productivity of PE goats kept by Livestock Farmers Groups in Central Lombok Regency. This study used a survey method with the determination of sample villages based on the presence of PE goat Livestock Farmers Groups in KTT and PE goats as respondents were determined by census and taken as respondents. This research was carried out at two locations, namely the Livestock Farmers Group and the Animal Feed and Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Unram. The variables measured were the amount and type of feed given, milk production, fat and milk protein content of each lactating PE goat, belonging to members of the Livestock Farming Group. The research data will be tabulated and analyzed using the Arithmatic Mean and Standard Deviation using the MS Excel 2007 spreadsheet, then discussed descriptively. The results of the study were 6 target summits with 49 active members and all of them were part time jobs with a population of 107 PE goats, consisting of 23 males and 84 females of various ages. And the composition of the forage consisted of 4 types of grass or around 26.67%, 4 types of leguminous or around 26.67% and 7 types of trees or around 46.67%, from the 107 PE goats, 16 males or about 66 of them obtained feed status. .67% was sufficient and 8 heads or around 33.33% were not sufficient and as many as 29 females or around 34.94% were sufficient and as many as 54 heads or around 65.06% the feed requirement was not fulfilled. The average milk production of 16 lactating PE goats belonging to members of the target summit was around 306.10 ± 221.96 ml/head/day, which was relatively low, with a fat content of 3.4037 ± 0.6579%, which was quite good, still meeting SNI milk quality standards ( 3.0%) and the Directorate General of Labor (≥ 2.8%), while the protein content of 3.7837 ± 0.5127% is quite high, still meeting SNI standards (2.8%) and the Directorate General of Labor (≥ 2.7%)

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly