Masseter Muscle Thickness and Maxillofacial Morphology - A Pilot Study

The aim of this study was to investigate how the thickness of the masseter muscle relates to the maxillofacial morphology, including the thickness of alveolar process in the mandibular incisor region, and the thickness of the mandibular symphysis. The subjects consisted of 25 volunteers of whom consisted of 17 females and 8 males (mean age: 21 years 3 months). The relationship between masseter muscle thickness and the maxillofacial skeleton was investigated by measuring the former by ultrasonograpy and the latter by roentgenographic cephalometry. Five angular and ten linear measurements were traced. The data were analysed using multiple regression analysis. According to the present study, the masseter muscle thickness was 9.7±1.6mm in the relaxed state and 12.5±1.7mm during clenching. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that masseter muscle thickness in the clenching state was only significantly correlated with the “ramus inclination to SN” angle (p<0.05). Therefore it is suggested that the limited masticatory forces dont influence the maxillofacial morphology

ANTEGONIAL AND RAMUS NOTCH DEPTHS OF DIFFERENT VERTICAL DIMENSIONS [Değişik Vertikal Boyutlarda Antegonial ve Ramus Çentik Derinlikleri]

ABSTRACT Objective(s): The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three different vertical development types (high, moderate and low) which are determined by the measurement of SN-GoGn on Mandibular Antegonial Notch (AGN) and Ramus Notch (RN) Depts. Materials and Methods: The relation between Mandibular AGN, RN Depths and different vertical dimensions (high, moderate and low) were assesed using lateral cephalometric radiographic measurements of 150 individuals (75 Female, 75 Male) who were selected from a sample of untreated patients referred to orthodontic clinic. Different vertical groups were divided into two groups according to sex. Results: The results of the study revealed that both AGN and RN was correlated with SN-GoGn angle. AGN and RN showed significant increase by the increment of vertical dimentions with in different sex groups (p 0.05). Conclusion: Especially the existence of the relation of SN-GoGn that helps us predict growth pattern, with AGN and RN can be used as the indicator of growth direction differentiation. ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı SN-GoGn ölçümü ile belirlenen üç ayrı vertikal büyüme paterninin (yüksek, orta ve alçak) Mandibular Antegonial Çentik (AGN) ve Ramus Çentik (RN) derinliklerine etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Mandibular AGN ve RN derinliklerinin değişik vertikal boyutlardaki (yüksek, orta ve alçak) birbirleriyle ilişkisi ortodonti kliniğine başvuran fakat tedavi görmemiş 150 bireyden (75 bayan, 75 bay) alınan lateral sefalometrik radiografiler üzerinde yapılan ölçümler değerlendirilmiştir. Değişik vertikal gruplar cinsiyete göre iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçları AGN ve RN derinliklerinin her ikisinin de SN-GoGn açısı ile korelasyon gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. AGN ve RN artan vertikal boyutlarda her iki cinsiyette de artış anlamlı düzeyde artış göstermiştir (p 0.05). Sonuç: Büyüme paternini tahmin etmede önemli bir bulgu olan SN-GoGn açısı ile birlikte AGN ve RN derinlikleri büyüme yönünün değişiminin tahmininde kullanılabilir

Serum neuron specific enolase and S-100B levels in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100B are brain-derived proteins, and their levels increase in brain injury. The aim of the study was to determine serum S-100B and NSE levels in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and to demonsrate how these levels were affected by the type of dialysis applied. Methods: The study group consisted of age- and gender-matched 20 patients undergoing HD, 26 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) and 21 healthy controls. Blood samples were obtained before and after dialysis in the HD patient group, and fasting blood samples were obtained in the CAPD and control groups. The routine biochemical parameters were measured within two hours from all serum samples. The remaining serum samples were stored at -80 °C until the day of analysis of the S-100B and NSE assays. Serum S-100B and NSE levels were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay method. Routine biochemistry tests were measured by colorimetric method using a biochemistry analyzer. Results: Serum S-100B (0.11±0.06 ng/mL in HD, 0.13±0.09 ng/mL in CAPD and 0.05±0.03 ng/mL in controls) and NSE (12.7±5.99 ng/mL in HD, 9.26±5.52 ng/mL in CAPD and 6.82±2.36 ng/mL in controls) levels were higher in HD and CAPD groups compared to controls. S-100B and NSE levels were higher after HD compared to before HD (p<0.001). There was a weak but significant correlation between S-100B and NSE levels (r=0.290; p=0.006). Conclusion: In this study, serum S-100B and NSE levels were found to be high in patients undergoing HD and PD. Serum S-100B and NSE concentrations were higher in HD and CAPD patients. Increased S-100B and NSE levels may be associated with cerebrovascular events in patients with chronic renal failure. They may also be important markers for the determination of cerebrovascular events

IN VIVO BONE AND SOFT TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION OF IN-SITU INJECTABLE METHACRYLATED GELATIN (GEL-MA)-NANOHYDROXYAPATITE (nHAp) AND MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL (MSCs) SYSTEMS

AbstractIn order to treat the missing teeth in the jaws with dental implants, adequate amount and quality of bone tissue is needed in the maxillo-mandibular area. In order for the treatment to be successful and to function in the mouth for a long time, alveolar bone must be adequate size. Extraction of the teeth initiates the resorption process in the alveolar bone and causes a decrease in the height and/or width of the existing bone. This study was carried out todetermine the effect of methacrylate gelatin (Gel-MA), nanoHydroxyapatite (nHAp) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) systems placed in tooth extraction sockets of rats on 3D bone healing and regeneration. These systems, which are used for bone regeneration, are easy to apply and biocompatible. It has also osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control/blank defect (group I, n=12), Gel- MA+nHAp (group II, n=12) and Gel-MA+ nHAp+MSCs (group III, n=12) in the study. n=12) were divided into 3 experimental groups. Immediately after the extraction of the left maxillary 1st and 2nd molars of the rats, Gel-MA+ nHAp and Gel-MA+nHAp+MSCs were placed in the extraction sockets of the rats in Group II and Group III, respectively. Hydrogel form was created by applying UV light (395-480nm, 30 sec) through the mouth on the placed biomaterials. Half of the animals in all groups were sacrificed at the 4th week and the other half at the 8th week, and tissue samples were taken from the maxilla. Macroscopic and microtomographic (micro-CT) evaluation was performed. According to the results of micro- CT analysis taken from the 4th and 8th week samples of Group III, bone volume percent (BVP) was statistically significant and had the highest value compared to the other groups. In the 4th week micro-CT analysis of Group III, the mean BVP was 81.02±3.05%, and the 8th week mean BVP value was 85.86±1.74% (p &amp;lt;0.001). According to the results of micro-CT analysis taken from tissue samples at the 4th week, a significant difference was found between group I and group III and between group II and group III (p&amp;lt;0.001, p&amp;lt;0.01). Statistically similar differences were found between the same groups at week 8 (p&amp;lt;0.001, p&amp;lt;0.05). In conclusion, it has been shown that Gel-MA+nHAp+MSCs systems are highly effective in 3D bone reconstruction in jaw bones. As a result, it was determined that Gel- MA+nHAp+MSCs systems are very effective in 3D bone reconstruction in jaw bones.Keywords: Alveolar bone, resorption, mesenchymal stem cell, methacrylated gelatin, nanoHydroxyapatite, reconstruction.</p