Electrochemical Synthesis of Unique Nanomaterials in Ionic Liquids

The review considers the features of the processes of the electrochemical synthesis of nanostructures in ionic liquids (ILs), including the production of carbon nanomaterials, silicon and germanium nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, nanomaterials and surface nanostructures based on oxides. In addition, the analysis of works on the synthesis of nanoscale polymer films of conductive polymers prepared using ionic liquids by electrochemical methods is given. The purpose of the review is to dwell upon an aspect of the applicability of ILs that is usually not fully reflected in modern literature, the synthesis of nanostructures (including unique ones that cannot be obtained in other electrolytes). The current underestimation of ILs as an electrochemical medium for the synthesis of nanomaterials may limit our understanding and the scope of their potential application. Another purpose of our review is to expand their possible application and to show the relative simplicity of the experimental part of the work

Advantages of Electrochemical Polishing of Metals and Alloys in Ionic Liquids

Electropolishing of metal surfaces is a benign alternative to mechanical treatment. Ionic liquids are considered as green electrolytes for the electropolishing of metals. They demonstrate a number of advantages in comparison with acid aqueous solutions and other methods of producing smooth or mirror-like surfaces that are required by diverse applications (medical instruments, special equipment, implants and prostheses, etc.). A wide window of electrochemical stability, recyclability, stability and tunability are just a few benefits provided by ionic liquids in the title application. An overview of the literature data on electropolishing of such metals as Ti, Ni, Pt, Cu, Al, U, Sn, Ag, Nb, stainless steel and other alloys in ionic liquids is presented

Platinum Nanoparticles on Sintered Metal Fibers Are Efficient Structured Catalysts in Partial Methane Oxidation into Synthesis Gas

Efficient structured catalysts of partial methane oxidation into synthesis gas were obtained by electrochemical modification of the surface of sintered FeCrAl alloy fibers in an ionic liquid BMIM-NTf, with further introduction of platinum nanoparticles. It was shown that etching and electrochemical modification of sintered FeCrAl alloy fibers result in a decrease of the surface aluminum content. With an increase of the reaction temperature to 900 degrees C, the methane conversion reaches 90% and the selectivity to CO increases significantly to achieve 98%. The catalysts with a Pt loading of 1 X 10(-4) wt % demonstrate high activity and selectivity as well as TOF in synthesis gas production by the CH4 + O-2 reaction at 850-900 degrees C. To trace the composition and structure evolution of the catalysts, XRD and SEM methods were used

Focus on Fuel Quality: Removal of Sulfur‑, Nitrogen‑, and Oxygen-Containing Aromatic Compounds by Extraction from Hydrocarbons into the Regenerable Ionic Liquid

Extraction of S-, N-, and O-containing aromatic compounds from hydrocarbons modeling fuels was studied using an ionic liquid {1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis­(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)­imide ([BMIM]­[NTf₂])} doped with metal complexes (Ag, Cu, Co, and V). The silver additives were shown to be most efficient. Water was found to be an inert agent that did not deteriorate the efficiency of the extraction. This approach was considered as a method of removal of sulfur and nitrogen compounds present in oil products (gasoline and diesel fuels)

Surface State of Sacrificial Copper Electrode by Electropolishing in Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid 1‑Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

Anodic dissolution of natural surface-oxidized, air-annealed, cathodically reduced, and cathodically deposited copper in hydrophobic ionic liquid 1-buthyl-3-methylimidazolium bis­(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)­imide under galvanostatic conditions by means of gravimetric measurements was studied. The resulting samples were mirror-like oxide-free copper pattern. The mechanism of the electropolishing of oxidized copper surface was considered. The consequent anodic reactions Cu₂O – 1e = Cu⁺ + CuO, CuO – 2e = Cu²⁺ + O, and Cu – 1e = Cu⁺ take place. The electropolishing itself occurs over oxygen-free copper surface due to competitive residual water discharge in the pits and copper dissolution on the roughness