Analysis of variation in calibration curves for Kodak XV radiographic film using modelâ based parameters

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135597/1/acm20222.pd

TG‐69: Radiographic film for megavoltage beam dosimetry

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134818/1/mp6779.pd

The right to education for the girl-child and problems facing adolescent girls in the pursuit of their right to education : a focus on South Africa

This dissertation examines the problems facing adolescent girls in the pursuit of their right to education and this especially in South Africa. It presents the right to education as a human right belonging to everyone; not a privilege reserved for a category of person. The right to education is a fundamental human right and an empowerment right because it contributes to the achievement of other rights. The dissertation describes the provisions of relevant international and regional human rights instruments and assesses whether South African laws, policies and practices on the ground adhere to the requirements’ of international and regional law. It assert that, though there has been provision for universal and compulsory primary schooling and higher participation rate for girls, big challenges particularly for adolescent girls are still prevalent, particularly after primary school even though the cracks may appear very subtle and almost none issue. This dissertation shows that to solve these problems and make the right to education realizable for every child, the South African government should consider the cultural and religious environment of the adolescent girl and also renew its commitments and strategies designed to improve their retention rate and advancement at school.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012.gm2014Centre for Human Rightsrestricte

Incidental Scrotal Findings at Imaging -1: Calcifications

Scrotal calcifications are commonly encountered in the clinical practice at ultrasound, and they may be occasionally identified also at CT and Rx ray examination performed for other purposes. Intra- or extra-testicular calcifications have different clinical relevance. Intratesticular calcifications are usually benign, but may also be found in tumors, or follow trauma, infarction, and inflammation. Testicular microlithiasis is increasingly encountered in otherwise healthy men. Currently, there is no evidence that it is either a premalignant condition or a causative agent for neoplasia, but a clear association exists between this condition, other testicular calcifications, and an increased risk of testicular malignancy. Extra-testicular calcifications are more frequent than intratesticular calcifications and are almost always benign. They include scrotal pearls, calcifications of the epididymis and appendages, and those involving the tunicae and the scrotal wall

CEUS of Cystic Renal Masses Atypical at US: Comparison with CT in a Consecutive Series of 117 Lesions

Poster al 96th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting oft he Radiological Society of North America - RSNA 2010 Chicago 28 novembre \u2013 3 dicembre 201

DAVID - a translucent multi-wire transmission ionization chamber for in vivo verification of IMRT and conformal irradiation techniques

Permanent in vivo verification of IMRT photon beam profiles by a radiation detector with spatial resolution, positioned on the radiation entrance side of the patient, has not been clinically available so far. In this work we present the DAVID system, which is able to perform this quality assurance measurement while the patient is treated. The DAVID system is a flat, multi-wire transmission-type ionization chamber, placed in the accessory holder of the linear accelerator and constructed from translucent materials in order not to interfere with the light field. Each detection wire of the chamber is positioned exactly in the projection line of a MLC leaf pair, and the signal of each wire is proportional to the line integral of the ionization density along this wire. Thereby, each measurement channel essentially presents the line integral of the ionization density over the opening width of the associated leaf pair. The sum of all wire signals is a measure of the dose-area product of the transmitted photon beam and of the total radiant energy administered to the patient. After the dosimetric verification of an IMRT plan, the values measured by the DAVID system are stored as reference values. During daily treatment the signals are re-measured and compared to the reference values. A warning is output if there is a deviation beyond a threshold. The error detection capability is a leaf position error of less than I mm for an isocentric I cm x I cm field, and of I mm for an isocentric 20 cm x 20 cm field