The effects of used glue type that joınted wıth partıcalboard on the edge bondıng strength

Bu çalışmada, yaygın olarak kullanılan üç farklı tutkalın, yonga levhaların kenarına uygulanan masif çıtaların yapışma direncine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Deney örneklerinin hazırlanmasında yonga levha ve Doğu kayını (Fagus Orientalis L.) odundan yararlanılmış, yapıştırma işlemleri için ise, polivinilasetat (PVAc), klebit 303 ve poliüretan tutkalları kullanılmıştır. Deney örneklerine ASTM-D 1037 standardında belirtilen esaslara göre statik çekme yükü uygulanmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre, PVAc ile yapıştırılan masifler en yüksek yapışma direncini gösterirken, bunu sırasıyla klebit 303 ve poliüretan tutkalları ile yapıştırılanlar takip etmiştir. Ayrıca masif kalınlığı artışının yapışma direncinde artışa neden olduğu gözlenmiştir.In this study, the effect of commonly used three glue type, on bonding strenght of wood ledge that implemented on edge of particalboards. In preparing the specimens, particleboard and Turkish beech (Fagus Orientalis L.) were used and polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane and klebit 303 adhesives were utilized for gluing procedure. Specimens were subjected to the static tension loads according to the principles of ASTM-D 1037. According to results of the tests; edge banding woods glued with PVAc showed the highest bonding strength, followed by the bonding strength of klebit 303, polyurethane. Futhermore, increase of the thickness of the edge banding wood caused an increase in bonding strength

THE EFFECTS OF USED GLUE TYPE THAT JOINTED WITH PARTICALBOARD ON THE EDGE BONDING STRENGTH

In this study, the effect of commonly used three glue type, on bonding strenght of wood ledge that implemented on edge of particalboards. In preparing the specimens, particleboard and Turkish beech (Fagus Orientalis L.) were used and polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane and klebit 303 adhesives were utilized for gluing procedure. Specimens were subjected to the static tension loads according to the principles of ASTM-D 1037. According to results of the tests; edge banding woods glued with PVAc showed the highest bonding strength, followed by the bonding strength of klebit 303, polyurethane. Futhermore, increase of the thickness of the edge banding wood caused an increase in bonding strength

Holding performance of dowels ın solid wood and laminated veneer lumber (lvl)

Bu çalışmada, farklı ağaç türlerinden hazırlanan lamine malzemelerin(LVL), liflere dik ve paralel doğrultudaki kavela tutma mukavemetleri, masif ağaç malzemelerle karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Deney örnekleri, Türkiye mobilya endüstrisindeki yaygın kullanımları nedeniyle Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ve Kavak (Populus nigra) odunlarından hazırlanmıştır. 2 malzeme çeşidi, 3 ağaç türü, 2 lif doğrultusu ve her örnekten 10 adet olmak üzere toplam 120 örnek statik yük altında kavela tutma mukavemeti deneyine alınmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda, liflere dik yönde en yüksek kavela tutma mukavemeti Doğu kayını örneklerde, en düşük ise kavak örneklerde elde edilmiştir. Liflere paralel yönde, en yüksek mukavemet sarıçam lamine örneklerde, en düşük ise masif sarıçam örneklerde elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, masif ağaç malzemeye kıyasla teknik ve ekonomik yönlerden birçok avantajları olan lamine malzemelerin, çerçeve (iskelet) mobilya üretiminde ve kavelalı birleştirme uygulamalarında alternatif malzeme olarak kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.In this study, the withdrawal strength of dowels in laminated veneer lumber (LVL) for directions of perpendicular to grain and parallel to grain by comparing the identical solid wood materials were investigated. Specimens were prepared from Turkish beech (Fagus Orientalis L.), Scotch pine (Pinus Sylvestris L), and poplar (Populus Nigra) woods which are commonly used in furniture industry of Turkey. A total of 120 specimens included 2 material types, 3 wood species, 2 fiber directions and 10 replications for each group were tested under static load for dowel withdrawal strength. Results indicated that in the perpendicular to grain direction, the highest withdrawal strength values have been obtained with Turkish beech and the lowest one with poplar. In the parallel to grain direction, laminated Scotch pine showed the highest withdrawal strength and solid Scotch pine showed the lowest withdrawal strength. As a result of the study; it was concluded that the LVL which provides many technical and economical advantages over solid wood could be utilized as an alternative material in frame furniture constructed with dowel joint

Holding performance of dowels ın solid wood and laminated veneer lumber (lvl)

Bu çalışmada, farklı ağaç türlerinden hazırlanan lamine malzemelerin(LVL), liflere dik ve paralel doğrultudaki kavela tutma mukavemetleri, masif ağaç malzemelerle karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Deney örnekleri, Türkiye mobilya endüstrisindeki yaygın kullanımları nedeniyle Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ve Kavak (Populus nigra) odunlarından hazırlanmıştır. 2 malzeme çeşidi, 3 ağaç türü, 2 lif doğrultusu ve her örnekten 10 adet olmak üzere toplam 120 örnek statik yük altında kavela tutma mukavemeti deneyine alınmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda, liflere dik yönde en yüksek kavela tutma mukavemeti Doğu kayını örneklerde, en düşük ise kavak örneklerde elde edilmiştir. Liflere paralel yönde, en yüksek mukavemet sarıçam lamine örneklerde, en düşük ise masif sarıçam örneklerde elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, masif ağaç malzemeye kıyasla teknik ve ekonomik yönlerden birçok avantajları olan lamine malzemelerin, çerçeve (iskelet) mobilya üretiminde ve kavelalı birleştirme uygulamalarında alternatif malzeme olarak kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.In this study, the withdrawal strength of dowels in laminated veneer lumber (LVL) for directions of perpendicular to grain and parallel to grain by comparing the identical solid wood materials were investigated. Specimens were prepared from Turkish beech (Fagus Orientalis L.), Scotch pine (Pinus Sylvestris L), and poplar (Populus Nigra) woods which are commonly used in furniture industry of Turkey. A total of 120 specimens included 2 material types, 3 wood species, 2 fiber directions and 10 replications for each group were tested under static load for dowel withdrawal strength. Results indicated that in the perpendicular to grain direction, the highest withdrawal strength values have been obtained with Turkish beech and the lowest one with poplar. In the parallel to grain direction, laminated Scotch pine showed the highest withdrawal strength and solid Scotch pine showed the lowest withdrawal strength. As a result of the study; it was concluded that the LVL which provides many technical and economical advantages over solid wood could be utilized as an alternative material in frame furniture constructed with dowel joint

Utilization of extract of fresh tree leaves as extender in synthetic adhesives for laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

This study investigated potential utilization of the extraction yield of ash and cedrus tree leaves as extender in urea-formaldehyde (UF) and polyvinylacetate (PVAc) adhesives. The extraction solutions of ash and cedrus leaves (10% by weight) were added into the liquid UF and PVAc adhesives. 9-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL) boards were produced using the UF and PVAc adhesives modified with the extraction solution. For comparison of the extraction solution, water (10. wt%) was added in the adhesives. The LVLs bonded with extraction solution/UF adhesive were hot pressed for 10. min at 105 °C while the ones bonded with the extraction solution/PVAc adhesive were hot pressed for 2. h at 20 °C. As compared to the addition of water, the bending strength and splitting strength in transverse direction of the LVLs increased by 8.2% and 13.9%, respectively, as the extraction solution of ash leaves were incorporated into the UF adhesive. The extract of ash leaves had better adhesion performance in the UF and PVAc adhesives than that of cedrus leaves. The extract of the leaves was more compatible with the UF adhesive than the PVAc adhesive. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the extracts of ash and cedrus leaves could be efficiently used as extender in the UF adhesive. © 2012 Elsevier B.V

Utilization of extract of fresh tree leaves as extender in synthetic adhesives for laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

This study investigated potential utilization of the extraction yield of ash and cedrus tree leaves as extender in urea-formaldehyde (UF) and polyvinylacetate (PVAc) adhesives. The extraction solutions of ash and cedrus leaves (10% by weight) were added into the liquid UF and PVAc adhesives. 9-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL) boards were produced using the UF and PVAc adhesives modified with the extraction solution. For comparison of the extraction solution, water (10 wt%) was added in the adhesives. The LVLs bonded with extraction solution/UF adhesive were hot pressed for 10 min at 105 degrees C while the ones bonded with the extraction solution/PVAc adhesive were hot pressed for 2 h at 20 degrees C. As compared to the addition of water, the bending strength and splitting strength in transverse direction of the LVLs increased by 8.2% and 13.9%, respectively, as the extraction solution of ash leaves were incorporated into the UF adhesive. The extract of ash leaves had better adhesion performance in the UF and PVAc adhesives than that of cedrus leaves. The extract of the leaves was more compatible with the UF adhesive than the PVAc adhesive. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the extracts of ash and cedrus leaves could be efficiently used as extender in the UF adhesive. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Comparison of mechanical properties of solid wood and laminated veneer lumber fabricated from Turkish beech, Scotch pine, and Lombardy poplar

Erdil, Yusuf Ziya/0000-0003-3938-2168WOS: 000269459800007Selected mechanical properties of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) prepared from Turkish beech (Fagus orientalis L.), Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and Lombardy poplar (Populus nigra) veneers bonded with polyvinyl acetate and urea-formaldehyde adhesives and solid wood specimens of the same species were tested to evaluate the effects of species, adhesive type, and veneer grain orientation. The mechanical tests evaluated were compression and tensile strengths parallel to the grain, bending strength, modulus of elasticity, cleavage strength perpendicular to the grain, and block shear. Test results showed that the effects of wood species on all of the mechanical properties were statistically significant. Also, adhesive type was found to have a significant effect on the strength properties of the LVL specimens. But, considering the design flexibility with different forms and sizes and the opportunity to better utilize low-quality wood, LVL can be recommended as an alternative to solid wood. Results also showed that LVL could be utilized instead of solid wood material in different areas such as building and furniture constructions because most strength properties of LVL were at least as good as solid wood of the same species

Allen screw withdrawal strength of solid wood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

Bu çalışmada, farklı ağaç türlerinden hazırlanan, polivinilasetat (PVAc) ve üre-formaldehit (ÜF) tutkallarıyla yapıştırılmış lamine malzemelerin (LVL), liflere dik ve paralel doğrultudaki alyan vida tutma performansları, masif ağaç malzemelerle karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Deney örnekleri, Türkiye Mobilya Endüstrisi’ndeki yaygın kullanımları nedeniyle Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis L.), sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ve kavak (Populus nigra) odunlarından hazırlanmıştır. Deneylerde 5 mm çapında ve 70 mm boyunda alyan vida kullanılmıştır. 3 malzeme çeşidi, 3 ağaç türü, 2 lif doğrultusu ve her örnekten 10 adet olmak üzere toplam 180 adet örnek statik yük altında alyan vida çekme deneyine alınmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda, en yüksek alyan vida tutma mukavemeti, masif Doğu kayını malzemelerde liflere paralel yönde, en düşük ise masif kavak malzemede liflere dik yönde elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, masif ağaç malzemeye göre teknik ve ekonomik yönlerden birçok avantajları olan lamine malzemeler, kendi ağaç türlerinin masif malzemelerine yakın performans değerleri göstermişlerdir. Buna göre, lamine malzemelerin, çerçeve (iskelet) mobilya üretiminde kullanıldığı taktirde, özellikle alyan vidalı birleştirme uygulamalarında mukavemet açısından problem çıkarmayacağı ifade edilebilir.In this study, the allen screw holding performances in perpendicular to grain and parallel to grain of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) prepared of different wood species with polyvinylacetate (PVAc) and ure formaldehyde (UF) were investigated by comparing the identical solid wood materials. Specimens were prepared from beech (Fagus orientalis L.), scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and poplar (Populus nigra) woods which are commonly used in Turkish furniture industry. In the tests, allen screws which were in 5 mm diameter and 70 mm length were utilized. A total of 180 specimens that represented 3 material types, 3 wood species, 2 grain directions and 10 replications for each group were tested under static load for screw withdrawal tests. As a result of the tests, the highest allen screw holding strengths were obtained with solid beech in parallel to grain direction while the lowest results were obtained with solid poplar in perpendicular to grain. As a result of the study; it was concluded that the LVL which provides many technical and economical advantages over solid wood could be utilized as an alternative material in frame furniture, especcially constructed with allen screwed joints