Retrospective study on laparoscopic hysterectomy by vaginal vault closure method in a tertiary care centre

Background: Hysterectomy is the frequently performed operation for benign conditions of uterus, but the route of hysterectomy is always a matter of discussion. Laparoscopic hysterectomy is an expensive and time-consuming procedure and could be associated with increased risk of thermal damage related injuries to the surrounding structures. Presently, laparoscopic hysterectomy is considered to be a day care surgery because of technological improvement in electro-surgical unit and expertise of doing surgery. The objective of this study was as a retrospective observational study conducted in teaching hospital to study the factors like age, parity, indication and procedure related complications in detail.Methods: A total number of 40 patients who have undergone laparoscopic hysterectomy for various indications with vault closure by vaginal method with no. 1 PDS. A detailed analysis of cases was done according to age, parity, indication, intra-operative and post-operative outcomes.Results: Fibroid uterus was the most common indication for laparoscopic hysterectomy. Overall postoperative complication rate was 22.5% with no major morbidity reported.Conclusions: Laparoscopic hysterectomy has to be done with proper selection of patient and good peri-operative care. Vault closure by vaginal method has significantly reduced operating time, without increasing the morbidity

ANALYSIS OF COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR AS A PARAMETER OF TOXICITY OF ETHYL METHANESULFONATE (EMS) IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

An anti-cancerous drug and a monofunctional alkylating agent, Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), was tested for its toxic effects by using courtship behavioral elements as the parameter in Drosophila melanogaster. EMS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 15mM were employed by larval feeding technique to analyze the effect. When the different combinations of crosses were performed, the results have revealed that there were no qualitative differences between the control and treated groups. However, quantitatively, it has shown that male courtship elements such as orientation, tapping, wing vibration and licking were significantly prolonged compared to controls. Similar results were observed in case of female rejection behavior elements namely: ignoring, extruding and decamping. On par with this, even the courtship latency and copulation latency were significantly increased and contrary to these, copulation duration was significantly decreased, thus suggesting that the treated males were less vigor; treated females were less receptive on one hand and on the other lower reproductive fitness. Drastic effects of EMS on mating behavior prove that this can be utilized as a parameter for assessing the toxic effects of chemicals

An efficient reconfigurable code rate cooperative low-density parity check codes for gigabits wide code encoder/decoder operations

In recent days, extensive digital communication process has been performed. Due to this phenomenon, a proper maintenance of authentication, communication without any overhead such as signal attenuation code rate fluctuations during digital communication process can be minimized and optimized by adopting parallel encoder and decoder operations. To overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by using proposed reconfigurable code rate cooperative (RCRC) and low-density parity check (LDPC) method. The proposed RCRC-LDPC is capable to operate over gigabits/sec data and it effectively performs linear encoding, dual diagonal form, widens the range of code rate and optimal degree distribution of LDPC mother code. The proposed method optimize the transmission rate and it is capable to operate on 0.98 code rate. It is the highest upper bounded code rate as compared to the existing methods. The proposed method optimizes the transmission rate and is capable to operate on a 0.98 code rate. It is the highest upper bounded code rate as compared to the existing methods. the proposed method's implementation has been carried out using MATLAB and as per the simulation result, the proposed method is capable of reaching a throughput efficiency greater than 8.2 (1.9) gigabits per second with a clock frequency of 160 MHz

Nutritional Composition of Selected Commercially Sold Ready-to-eat Indian Meat and Vegetable Curried Dishes

A significant influence of dietary and nutrition transition is on the food behaviour of populace reflected in higher dependence on processed or catered foods. The traditional home cooked meals have been largely replaced by street or restaurant foods. While the nutritional composition of processed foods is declared on the label, there is no such information available regarding catered foods and the consumer cannot make an informed choice while selecting food at an eatery. With this premise, the present study was undertaken to analyse the nutritional composition of selected meat and vegetables based Indian dishes sourced from three different catering establishments. Similar dishes were also prepared in laboratory and the nutritional value computed using food composition database. The dishes selected were curries made with chicken, mutton, fish, mixed vegetable, Malai kofta (potato and cheese balls in creamy gravy) and Gobi Manchurian (deep fried spiced cauliflower snack). The results revealed that there were wide variations in the energy and fat content of foods sourced from different eateries. In general, the fat content of dishes was very high. In comparison, laboratory prepared items had lesser energy and fat content. The information will help in creating a nutrient database of ready-to-eat foods and help the consumer in selectin of dishes

A forward genetic screen to identify factors that control meiotic recombination in Arabidopsis thaliana

Meiotic recombination promotes genetic variation by reciprocal exchange of genetic material producing novel allelic combinations that influence important agronomic traits in crop plants. Therefore, harnessing meiotic recombination has the potential to accelerate crop improvement via classical breeding. Numerous genes involved in crossover formation have been identified in model systems. For example, SPO11 mediates generation of meiotic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) across all eukaryotes, which may be repaired as crossovers. However, downstream regulators of recombination remain to be identified, including those with species-specific roles. To isolate crossover frequency modifiers I performed a high-throughput forward genetic screen using EMS mutagenesis of Arabidopsis carrying a fluorescent crossover reporter line called 420. The primary screen isolated nine mutants from ~3,000 scored individuals that showed significantly higher (high crossover rate, hcr) or lower (low crossover rate, lcr) crossover frequency, including a new fancm allele. Four mutants (hcr1, hcr2, hcr3 and lcr1) were mapped by sequencing and candidate genes identified. The hcr1 mutation was confirmed as being located within the PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE X-1 (PPX-1) gene, using isolation of an independent allele and complementation studies. Similarly, the lcr1 mutation was confirmed to be within the gene TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 4B (TAF4B). Using immunocytological staining I observed that hcr1 did not show changes in DSB-associated foci (RAD51), but it did show a significant increase in crossover-associated MLH1 foci. The hcr1 mutation increases crossovers mainly in the sub-telomeric chromosome regions, which remain sensitive to crossover interference. Also the genetic interaction between the hcr1 and fancm mutations is additive. These results support a model where PPX- 1 acts to limit recombination via the Class I interfering CO pathway, downstream of DSB formation. In summary, this genetic screen has led to discovery of novel genes that regulate meiotic recombination and their functional characterization may find utility in crop breeding programs.Marie-Curie “COMREC” network FP7 ITN-60695

Efficacy and safety of topical BAK-free travoprost 0.004% versus BAK-preserved travoprost 0.004% in the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma: a comparative study at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG); however, these medications may affect the ocular surface and elicit ocular discomfort when preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK). Hence the above study was taken to evaluate the benefit of BAK-free formulations of travoprost. The objectives of the study were to compare the efficacy, safety of topical BAK-free travoprost 0.004% versus BAK-preserved travoprost 0.004% in patients with primary open angle glaucoma.Methods: 40 patients with POAG who fulfilled the inclusion /exclusion criteria were randomised into two groups of 20 each to receive BAK-free travoprost 0.004% or BAK-preserved travoprost once daily in the evening. Efficacy was measured in terms of reduction in IOP monitored at 4, 8 and 12 weeks from baseline. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire was used to assess the ocular surface symptoms. Safety was assessed by monitoring treatment emergent adverse drug reactions (ADRs).Results: Both the study medications were effective in reducing IOP when compared to baseline. Mean IOP reduction from baseline to week 12 was 11±3mmHg (p <0.001), 10.78±3.01mmHg, (p<0.001) in BAK-free travoprost and BAK-preserved travoprost groups respectively. Both produced equivalent reductions in IOP at the end of 4 (7.89±1.82 vs 7.63±2.83, p=0.72), 8 (9.94±2.75 vs10.05±2.75, p=0.90), and 12 weeks (11±3 vs10.78±3.01, p=0.82). BAK-free travoprost demonstrated significantly lower OSDI scores (15.10±3.60) compared to BAK- preserved travoprost (23.47±7.10) at 12 weeks (p <0.0001). There was no significant difference in occurrence of conjunctival hyperaemia between the study drugs (c2 = 0, df = 1, p = 1) and BAK-free travoprost was well tolerated.Conclusions: BAK-free and BAK-preserved travoprost significantly reduced IOP at 12 weeks. But, BAK- free travoprost produced significantly less ocular surface symptoms as compared to BAK- preserved travoprost. Hence it could be a favourable option in POAG patients with ocular surface disease symptoms

Secure cluster-based routing using multi objective-trust centric artificial algae algorithm for wireless sensor network

Nowadays, wireless sensor network (WSN) is developed as a key technology to observe and track applications over a wide range. However, energy consumption and security are considered as important issues in the WSN. In this paper, the multi objective-trust centric artificial algae algorithm (M-TCAAA) is proposed to accomplish a secure broadcasting over the WSN. The proposed M-TCAAA is used to choose the secure cluster head (SCH) as well as routing path, based on the distinct fitness measures such as trust, communication cost, residual energy, and node degree. Hence, the M-TCAAA is used to ensure a secure data transmission while decreasing the energy consumed by the nodes. The performance of the M-TCAAA is analyzed by means of energy consumption, packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput, end to end delay (EED), normalized routing load (NRL), and network lifetime. The existing researches namely energy aware trust and opportunity-based routing with mobile nodes (ETOR-MN), grey wolf updated whale optimization (GUWO), secure cluster-based routing protocol (SCBRP), secure routing protocol based on multi-objective ant-colony-optimization (SRPMA) and multi objective trust aware hybrid optimization (MOTAHO) are considered for evaluating the M-TCAAA. The PDR of the M-TCAAA for 100 nodes is 99.87%, which is larger than the ETOR-MN, GUWO, SRPMA and MOTAHO

Augmented Reality Based 3D Furniture Shopping

The main aim of the paper is to present an Augmented Reality application for 3D furniture, with a particular emphasis on the development of an android application that provides a realistic view of an augmented reality 3D furniture target object in the real-world. This app for Android would overlay a virtual environment on top of the user's real world.&nbsp; AR makes real-world data and presents it in an immersive manner, making the virtual section feel like it belongs in the real world. AR is commonly used in online shopping, and the 3D visualization allows any furniture piece to be configured. Results shows that, users can customize and combine their favorite furniture products, enhancing their shopping experience. This elevates the shopping experience to a new level. This application allows users to see and experience the object in their current environment before buying from a shop, and customers can visualize the furniture model in a real-world setting

DYNAMIC DETECTION OF DESIGN INCONSISTENCY DURING SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT USING DAID APPROACH

Evolution of software has lead to the fast growth of technology whose impact can be witnessed in all the domains of scientific and engineering applications. Hence engineering high quality software is one of the core challenges of all IT industries. The software models which are being used for the development of the software products may lead to inconsistencies. Nevertheless, theexistence of several methodologies during the development process in order to overcome inconsistencies operates at static mode leading towards expensive nature of rework on those inconsistencies. Therefore, this paper presents a dynamic model which resolves the aforementioned issue by capturing inconsistencies dynamically in an automated mode using Dynamic automated inconsistency detection (DAID) model. The implementation results of DAID capture the design inconsistencies dynamically at the time of their injection points in lieu of inconsistency detection during validation testing. This approach of dynamic design inconsistency detection reduces cost, time and its associated overheads. Further implementation of DAID in an automated mode increases productivity, quality and sustainability in IT industries