Multivariate Analysis of Brazilian Agricultural Production

Agribusiness is one of the most important sectors for Brazil, expressing positive values in the trade balance, with a share of 23% of GDP, besides the great generation of employment along its chain. In this way, Brazil stands out due to the expressive volume of agricultural production, making it one of the largest exporters of food in the world. In this way, it sought to apply the multivariate analysis through multidimensional scaling between the area, production and gross value of agricultural products, in order to observe the similarities and dissimilarities between them, which resulted in three discrepant products, which are of great importance to the Brazilian economy, being soy, sugar cane and corn, besides the formation of two distinct groups of products with similar characteristics

PARTICLEBOARDS OF AGROINDUSTRIAL WASTES

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver pain\ue9is de part\uedculas aglomeradas de baixa densidade com casca de amendoim, fibra da casca do coco-verde (h\uedbrido) e resina poliuretana bicomponente \ue0 base de \uf3leo de mamona. Os pain\ue9is experimentais foram fabricados com part\uedculas de at\ue9 8 mm de comprimento e 15% de resina poliuretana. A prensagem foi realizada a 5,0 MPa, por 10 minutos, a uma temperatura de 100\ub0C. Foram determinadas as propriedades f\uedsico-mec\ue2nicas do material, seguindo as recomenda\ue7\uf5es da norma ABNT 14810:2006. Os resultados demonstraram que o desempenho mec\ue2nico que atende \ue0s recomenda\ue7\uf5es estabelecidas pela normativa ANSI A208.1-1999 e ABNT 14.810-2:2006.The present study aimed to develop particleboards of low density with peanut shell, coconut husk fiber green (hybrid) and two-component polyurethane resin based on castor oil. The experimental panels were manufactured with particles up to 8mm and 15% polyurethane resin. The pressing was carried out at 5.0 MPa for 10 minutes at 100\ub0C of temperature. The physical-mechanical properties of the material were determined as recommended by ABNT 14810:2006. The results demonstrated a mechanical performance that meets the recommendations established by normative ANSI A208.1-1999 and ABNT 14.810-2:2006

PAINEL AGLOMERADO DE RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS

The present study aimed to develop particleboards of low density with peanut shell, coconut husk fiber green (hybrid) and two-component polyurethane resin based on castor oil. The experimental panels were manufactured with particles up to 8mm and 15% polyurethane resin. The pressing was carried out at 5.0 MPa for 10 minutes at 100°C of temperature. The physical-mechanical properties of the material were determined as recommended by ABNT 14810:2006. The results demonstrated a mechanical performance that meets the recommendations established by normative ANSI A208.1-1999 and ABNT 14.810-2:2006.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509819675O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver painéis de partículas aglomeradas de baixa densidade com casca de amendoim, fibra da casca do coco-verde (híbrido) e resina poliuretana bicomponente à base de óleo de mamona. Os painéis experimentais foram fabricados com partículas de até 8 mm de comprimento e 15% de resina poliuretana. A prensagem foi realizada a 5,0 MPa, por 10 minutos, a uma temperatura de 100°C. Foram determinadas as propriedades físico-mecânicas do material, seguindo as recomendações da norma ABNT 14810:2006. Os resultados demonstraram desempenho mecânico que atende às recomendações estabelecidas pela normativa ANSI A208.1-1999 e ABNT 14.810-2:2006

Impact modelling and a posteriori non-destructive evaluation of homogeneous particleboards of sugarcane bagasse

With a view to gaining an in-depth assessment of the response of particleboards (PBs) to different in-service loading conditions, samples of high-density homogeneous PBs of sugarcane bagasse and castor oil polyurethane resin were manufactured and subjected to low velocity impacts using an instrumented drop weight impact tower and four different energy levels, namely 5, 10, 20 and 30 J. The prediction of the damage modes was assessed using Comsol Multiphysics ® . ®. In particular, the random distribution of the fibres and their lengths were reproduced through a robust model. The experimentally obtained dent depths due to the impactor were compared with the ones numerically simulated showing good agreement. The post-impact damage was evaluated by a simultaneous system of image acquisitions coming from two different sensors. In particular, thermograms were recorded during the heating up and cooling down phases, while the specklegrams were gathered one at room temperature (as reference) and the remaining during the cooling down phase. On one hand, the specklegrams were processed via a new software package named Ncorr v.1.2, which is an open-source subset-based 2D digital image correlation (DIC) package that combines modern DIC algorithms proposed in the literature with additional enhancements. On the other hand, the thermographic results linked to a square pulse were compared with those coming from the laser line thermography technique that heats a line-region on the surface of the sample instead of a spot. Surprisingly, both the vibrothermography and the line scanning thermography methods coupled with a robotized system show substantial advantages in the defect detection around the impacted zone

Structural self-bearing panel with sugarcane particleboards and castor oil resin for cattle handling facilities

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo ajustar um processo para fabricação de chapas de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e resina poliuretana bi componente à base de óleo de mamona, avaliar tecnicamente as propriedades físico-mecânicas, micro estrutural e de durabilidade desse material e validar seu uso como componente de painel portante para uso como fechamento lateral de instalações zootécnicas para bovino. A qualidade das chapas foi avaliada com base nas prescrições dos documentos normativos NBR 14810 (2006) e ANSI A208.1 (1999). Foram fabricados chapas com partículas com dimensão de até 5 e 8 mm, a fim de identificar a dimensão adequada dessa matéria-prima, para a aplicação das chapas na composição do painel portante. Posteriormente, foi desenvolvido e fabricado um protótipo de painel portante em madeira de reflorestamento e chapas de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, que teve seu desempenho estrutural avaliado por meio de ensaio de impacto de corpo-mole. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as chapas com partículas de dimensão de até 8 mm apresentaram valores de propriedades físico-mecânicas que atendem as recomendações mínimas dos documentos normativos para uso estrutural. O painel portante apresentou desempenho estrutural adequado para resistir às cargas de impacto nas condições de uso, sendo possível indicá-lo com alternativa para fechamento lateral em centro de manejo para bovinos.The objective of this study was to adjust a process for the manufacture of particleboards of sugarcane bagasse and bi-component polyurethane resin a base of castor oil, toevaluate its physic-mechanical properties, microstructure and durability of this material and to validate its use as component of self-bearing panel for use as a lateral closure of zootechnics installations for cattle. The particleboard quality was evaluated based on the requirements of normative documents NBR 14810 (2006) and ANSI A208.1 (1999). Particleboards were manufactured with particles size up to 8 and 5 mm, to identify the appropriate size of the raw material forthe application in particleboards for composition of the self-bearing panel. Then, a prototype ofself-bearing panel in reforestation wood and sugarcane particleboards it was developed and manufactured, which had its structural performance evaluated by soft body impact test. The results indicate that particleboards with particles size up to 8 mm showed values of physical-mechanical properties that met the minimum recommendations of the normative documents for structural use. The self-bearing panel showed adequate structural performance to withstand impact loads under the conditions of use and it can be designate asan alternative to closing side of cattle handling facilities

Structural self-bearing panel with sugarcane particleboards and castor oil resin for cattle handling facilities

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo ajustar um processo para fabricação de chapas de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e resina poliuretana bi componente à base de óleo de mamona, avaliar tecnicamente as propriedades físico-mecânicas, micro estrutural e de durabilidade desse material e validar seu uso como componente de painel portante para uso como fechamento lateral de instalações zootécnicas para bovino. A qualidade das chapas foi avaliada com base nas prescrições dos documentos normativos NBR 14810 (2006) e ANSI A208.1 (1999). Foram fabricados chapas com partículas com dimensão de até 5 e 8 mm, a fim de identificar a dimensão adequada dessa matéria-prima, para a aplicação das chapas na composição do painel portante. Posteriormente, foi desenvolvido e fabricado um protótipo de painel portante em madeira de reflorestamento e chapas de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, que teve seu desempenho estrutural avaliado por meio de ensaio de impacto de corpo-mole. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as chapas com partículas de dimensão de até 8 mm apresentaram valores de propriedades físico-mecânicas que atendem as recomendações mínimas dos documentos normativos para uso estrutural. O painel portante apresentou desempenho estrutural adequado para resistir às cargas de impacto nas condições de uso, sendo possível indicá-lo com alternativa para fechamento lateral em centro de manejo para bovinos.The objective of this study was to adjust a process for the manufacture of particleboards of sugarcane bagasse and bi-component polyurethane resin a base of castor oil, toevaluate its physic-mechanical properties, microstructure and durability of this material and to validate its use as component of self-bearing panel for use as a lateral closure of zootechnics installations for cattle. The particleboard quality was evaluated based on the requirements of normative documents NBR 14810 (2006) and ANSI A208.1 (1999). Particleboards were manufactured with particles size up to 8 and 5 mm, to identify the appropriate size of the raw material forthe application in particleboards for composition of the self-bearing panel. Then, a prototype ofself-bearing panel in reforestation wood and sugarcane particleboards it was developed and manufactured, which had its structural performance evaluated by soft body impact test. The results indicate that particleboards with particles size up to 8 mm showed values of physical-mechanical properties that met the minimum recommendations of the normative documents for structural use. The self-bearing panel showed adequate structural performance to withstand impact loads under the conditions of use and it can be designate asan alternative to closing side of cattle handling facilities

Modular panel of sugarcane bagasse particleboards for cattle handling facilities side enclosure

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho físico-mecânico e de durabilidade de chapas homogêneas de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona; avaliação do comportamento mecânico de painéis modulares de chapas de partículas e madeira de reflorestamento, por meio de simulação numérica, pelo teste de impacto de corpo mole e aplicado em curral para manejo de bovinos; estudo de parâmetros de comportamento de bovinos manejados na instalação edificada com painéis modulares, por meio da mensuração da temperatura de superfície corporal e da reatividade dos animais. Foram determinadas as propriedades físico-químicas e microestruturais das partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar. Para as chapas homogêneas de partículas sem e com revestimento superficial foram avaliadas as propriedades físico-mecânicas antes e após o envelhecimento natural. A avaliação do desempenho mecânico dos painéis modulares foi realizada por meio de uma simulação numérica, em laboratório pelo teste de impacto de corpo mole e, em loco, aplicado em seringa de um curral para manejo de bovinos. Os animais manejados tiveram sua temperatura de superfície corporal aferida por meio método da termografia de infravermelho e a reatividade mensurada por meio dos parâmetros de tempo de saída da seringa e do escore de comportamento na seringa. As chapas homogêneas de partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar atenderam aos requisitos normativos para aplicação do material como componente estrutural. Os painéis modulares apresentaram deslocamento transversal experimental inferior aos valores aferidos pelo modelo numérico. Os animais manejados na seringa de painéis modulares e convencional, de tábuas de madeira, não apresentaram diferença nos parâmetros de reatividade, mas as temperaturas corporais superficiais média e máxima foram inferiores nos animais manejados na seringa com painéis modulares.This study aimed to evaluate the physical-mechanical performance and durability of homogeneous sugarcane bagasse particleboards and polyurethane resin based on castor oil; to evaluation of the mechanical behavior of both modular panels of particleboards and reforestation wood by numerical simulation, soft body impact test and application in cattle handling facilities; to study bovine behavior parameters managed in the facility built with modular panels, by measuring body surface temperature and the reactivity of animals. The physicochemical properties and microstructure of the particles of sugarcane bagasse were determined. For homogeneous particleboards both without and with surface coating, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated before and after natural aging. The evaluation of the mechanical performance of modular panels was performed by means of a numerical simulation, under laboratory conditions by soft body impact test and, in situ, applied to a crowding pen of corral for cattle management. The handled animals had their body surface temperature measured by infrared thermography and their reactivity was measured by the parameters of flight time in crowding pen and behavior score in crowding pen. The homogeneous particleboards of sugarcane bagasse met the regulatory requirements for applications as a structural component. The modular panels showed lower experimental transverse displacement values when measured by the numerical model. The animals handled in the crowding pen of modular panels and conventional wooden boards showed no difference in reactivity parameters, but the average and maximum superficial body temperatures were lower in animals handled the crowding pen with modular panels

Database use as a tool to assist the development of agricultural activities

The study aims to analyze the availability of a database that provided information focused on the agribusiness sector, and exemplify a form of use for this knowledge acquired during the analysis of data obtained during navigation. For it was chosen the EMBRAPA database where data were collected from the Brazilian cattle herd and by analyzing this we sought to understand the behavior of the cattle industry in the three main producing regions of Brazil: North, Southeast, and Midwest. The method used seeks to provide a simple way of accessing information, seeking to equate forces of those involved in the production chain, considering these large landowners as small producers, thus creating a parity among the producers of this important sector of the economy