Currency Union and Investment Flows: Estimating the Euro Effect on FDI

This paper studies the effect of the euro introduction on international FDI flows. Using country-pair data on 35 OECD economies during 1997-2008 and adopting the propensity score matching as identification strategy, we investigate the impact of the euro on capital reallocation. In general, the euro exhibits no significant impact on FDI. However, the effect becomes significant on the subset of EU countries, increasing FDI flows by 14.3 to 42.5 percent. Furthermore, we find that the EU membership fosters FDI flows much more than the euro, increasing FDI flows by 55 to 166 percent. Among other FDI determinants, high gross domestic product, low distance between countries and low unit labor costs in target country have a positive effect on FDI. On the contrary, long-term exchange rate volatility deters FDI flows.monetary union, foreign direct investment, common currency area, euro

Specifics of Nursing Care when Applying Transfusion Therapy

Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou transfuzní terapie. Teoretická část práce obsahuje historii, obecné informace o transfuzní terapii a ošetřovatelskou péči. Výzkumná část se zabývá znalostmi všeobecných sester, které se s aplikací transfuzní terapie setkávají na různých standardních odděleních. Cílem této práce je zjistit znalosti všeobecných sester na standardních odděleních o specifické ošetřovatelské péče před, během a po aplikaci transfuzní terapie. Výstupem bakalářské práce je vytvoření článku připraveného k publikaci.The bachelor thesis deals with transfusion therapy. The theoretical part of the thesis contains history, general information about transfusion therapy and nursing care. The research part is focused on the knowledge of nurses who meet transfusion therapy on various standard departments. The aim of this work is to determine the knowledge of nurses on standard departments about specific nursing care before, during and after transfusion therapy. The output of the bachelor thesis is the creation of the article prepared for publication

Knowledge versus Usage of Suction Technique of Lower Respiratory Tract by Nurses in Intensive Care

Tématem práce "Znalosti versus používaná technika odsávání dolních cest dýchacích u sester v intenzivní péči" je porovnání znalostí sester s praktickými úkony při odsávání dolních cest dýchacích. Práce je za tímto účelem rozdělena do několika částí. V první části jsou stručně popsány teoretické základy daného úkonu, od přípravy pacienta, přes výkon úkonu až po následnou péči o pacienta. Další částí této práce je část výzkumná, pro kterou byly určeny dva cíle - zjištění vlivu délky praxe na znalosti postupu odsávání dolních cest dýchacích a zjištění toho, zda postup odsávání odpovídá znalostem sester. V rámci praktické části je popsáno dotazníkové šetření, s jehož pomocí byla zjištěna úroveň teoretických znalostí sester a také pozorování, během kterého byla posouzena úroveň praktického výkonu. Ve výsledcích se potvrdily nulové hypotézy, a to, že délka praxe sester/zdravotnických záchranářů v intenzivní péči nemá vliv na jejich znalosti postupu odsávání dolních cest dýchacích, a že praktický postup při odsávání dolních cest dýchacích neodpovídá znalostem postupu odsávání dolních cest dýchacích u sester/zdravotnických záchranářů v intenzivní péči. Doporučením pro praxi je sjednocení informací a aktualizování guidelines, a konkrétně pro sestry a zdravotnické záchranáře v praxi, aby se řídili...The topic of the thesis "Knowledge versus Usage of Suction Technique of Lower Respiratory Tract by Nurses in Intensive Care" is the comparison of nurses' knowledge with practical actions during lower airway suctioning. To this end, the thesis is divided into several parts. The first part briefly describes the theoretical basis of the task, from patient preparation, through the performance of the task to the subsequent care of the patient. The next part of this thesis is the research part, for which two objectives were identified - to determine the effect of length of practice on knowledge of the lower airway suction procedure and to determine whether the suction procedure matches the nurses' knowledge. In the practical part a questionnaire survey is described to determine the level of nurses' theoretical knowledge and an observation to assess the level of practical performance. In the results, the null hypotheses were confirmed, namely, that the length of experience of critical care nurses/paramedics does not affect their knowledge of the lower airway suctioning procedure, and that the practical procedure of lower airway suctioning does not match the knowledge of the lower airway suctioning procedure of critical care nurses/paramedics. The recommendation for practice is to update the information...Department of Nursing 3FM CUÚstav ošetřovatelství 3. LF UK3. lékařská fakultaThird Faculty of Medicin

Návrh metodické podpory pro výuku tématu stravovací návyky

The bachelor thesis focuses on teaching the topic of eating habits, which is part of the educational field of Health Education. The theoretical part is to clarify the concepts of healthy nutrition, healthy lifestyle and education towards health. The methods of the theoretical were analysis, synthesis and comparison of professional resources, both printed and electronic. The practical part is the design of methodology support for teaching the topic of eating habits, which was prepared in relation to the study of ŠVP exact secondary school of Southern Moravia. The design of methodological support is nestled in the subject of Study about food and nutrition

Štúdium cholinergického systému v srdci a možnosti jeho farmakologického ovplyvnenia

Introduction: The results of current research suggest that acetylcholine has a protective role during heart failure and atrial or ventricular fibrillation. Cholinesterases (ChE) control the level of acetylcholine and thus play an important role in the cholinergic system of the heart. However, detail information about these enzymes in the heart is still missing. The aim of this thesis was to provide a complex study of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in the heart, specifically of their activities, molecular forms and precise localization. Methods: Mutant mice with lack of ChE or their anchoring proteins, ColQ and PRiMA, were used. AChE and BChE activities in heart compartments were determined by 2-step Ellman’s method, developed by us. Molecular forms of ChE were determined in 5-20 % sucrose gradients and localized in the hearts filled with gelatin and in the cryosections by activity staining method and by immunohistochemistry. Nerve and endothelial cells were identified using specific markers. Basic heart morphology was studied in the transversal sections stained with hematoxyline and eosine. Results and conclusion: The highest AChE activity was determined in the atria, the lowest activity in the left ventricle and septum. In all compartments, PRiMA AChE and ColQ AChE were observed. Both anchored forms were distributed epicardially on the heart base, co-localized with intracardiac neurons. PRiMA AChE formed a subtle branching in the proximity of intracardiac neurons. The lack of AChE anchored forms led to significantly lower cardiomyocyte diameter. The BChE activity was higher than that of AChE. The highest BChE activity was detected in the left ventricle and septum. Amphiphilic monomers were the predominant form of BChE in the heart. In myocardium, the staining of BChE activity was diffused, while in epicardium it co-localized with a single intracardiac neuron. In this work, we have provided a complex study of ChE in heart. Our results could help in the design of new, more effective pharmacotherapy, which may reduce morbidity and mortality of the patients with various heart diseases.Introduction: Des résultats récents indiquent que l’acétylcholine joue un rôle protecteur contre les insuffisances cardiaques et les fibrillations atriales ou ventriculaires. Les cholinestérases (ChE) contrôlent le niveau d’acétylcholine et jouent donc un rôle important pour le système cholinergique du cœur. Cependant, ces enzymes dans le cœur sont peu connues. L'objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier l'acétylcholinestérase (AChE) et la butyrylcholinestérase (BChE) dans le cœur, de quantifier ces enzymes et leurs formes moléculaires et localiser au niveau cellulaire. Méthodes : Nous avons utilisé des souris sans AChE ou BChE et sans ColQ et PRiMA leur protéines d’ancrage. Les activités de l’AChE et de la BChE ont été déterminées par la méthode d’Ellman, que nous avons adaptée pour la faible quantité de ChE dans un extrait brut. Les formes moléculaires des ChE ont été séparées en gradient de saccharose 5-20% et localisées dans des cœurs gonflés par la gélatine et sur coupe à froid. La morphologie globale du cœur a été étudiée en coupes transversales colorées avec l’hématoxyline et l’éosine. Résultats et conclusions : La plus forte activité en AChE a été mesurée dans les oreillettes, la plus faible activité dans le ventricule gauche et le septum. Dans tous les compartiments, PRiMA AChE et ColQ AChE ont été observés. Chacune des formes ancrées est distribuée sur l’épicarde à la base du cœur, et sont co-localisées avec des neurones intracardiaques. PRiMA AChE forme des branches fines à proximité des neurones intracardiaques. L’absence d’ancrage de l’AChE aboutit à une diminution significative du diamètre des cardiomyocytes. L’activité de la BChE est plus élevée que celle de l’AChE. La plus haute activité en BChE a été détectée dans le ventricule gauche et le septum. Le monomère amphiphilic constitue la forme prédominante dans le cœur. Dans le myocarde, le marquage de l’activité BChE est diffus, alors que dans l’épicarde il colocalise avec un seul neurone intracardiaque. Dans ce travail, nous avons réalisé une étude complète des ChE dans le cœur. Nos résultats peuvent aider à définir de nouvelles thérapies pharmacologiques plus efficaces.Úvod: Výsledky súčasného výskumu nasvedčujú protektívnemu vplyvu acetylcholínu pri srdcovom zlyhávaní, či pri predsieňovej a komorovej fibrilácií. Cholínesterázy (ChE) regulujú hladinu acetylcholínu a tak zohrávajú dôležitú úlohu v cholinergickom systéme srdca. Avšak, hlbšie informácie o týchto enzýmoch v srdci chýbajú. Cieľom tejto práce bolo komplexné štúdium acetylcholínesterázy (AChE) a butyrylcholínesterázy (BChE) v srdci, konkrétne ich aktivít, molekulových foriem a presnej lokalizácie. Metódy: V projekte sme používali mutantné myši s chýbaním ChE alebo ich kotviacich proteínov, ColQ a PRiMA. Aktivity AChE a BChE sme v jednotlivých častiach srdca stanovili nami vyvinutou modifikovanou dvoj-krokovou Ellmanovou metódou. Molekulové formy ChE sme študovali v 5-20 % sacharózových gradientoch. ChE sme lokalizovali v srdciach vyplnených želatínou a v kryostatických rezoch, a to pomocou aktivitného farbenia a imunohistochémiou. Nervové a endotelové bunky sme identifikovali na základe špecifických markerov. Základnú morfológiu tkaniva sme študovali v priečnych rezoch srdca nafarbených hematoxylínom a eozínom. Výsledky a záver: V predsieňach sme pozorovali najvyššiu a v ľavej komore a septe najnižšiu aktivitu AChE, kotvenú pomocou PRiMA aj ColQ proteínov. PRiMA AChE aj ColQ AChE boli v epikarde distribuované na báze srdca a ko-lokalizované s intrakardiálnymi neurónmi. PRiMA AChE vytvárala jemnú spleť v blízkosti intrakardiálnych neurónov. Chýbanie kotvených foriem AChE viedlo ku signifikantne menším priemerom kardiomyocytov. Aktivita BChE v srdci bola vyššia ako aktivita AChE, s najvyššou aktivitou v ľavej komore a septe. Predominatnou formou BChE v srdci boli amfifilné monoméry. BChE aktivita bola v myokarde lokalizovaná difúzne a v epikarde ko-lokalizovala s jedným intrakardiálnym neurónom. V predloženej práci sme poskytli komplexný obraz o ChE v srdci. Naše výsledky môžu vo významnej miere napomôcť v dizajne novej, efektívnejšej farmakoterapie, ktorá by mohla znížiť morbiditu a mortalitu pacientov s vybranými chorobami srdca

Knowledge versus Usage of Suction Technique of Lower Respiratory Tract by Nurses in Intensive Care

The topic of the thesis "Knowledge versus Usage of Suction Technique of Lower Respiratory Tract by Nurses in Intensive Care" is the comparison of nurses' knowledge with practical actions during lower airway suctioning. To this end, the thesis is divided into several parts. The first part briefly describes the theoretical basis of the task, from patient preparation, through the performance of the task to the subsequent care of the patient. The next part of this thesis is the research part, for which two objectives were identified - to determine the effect of length of practice on knowledge of the lower airway suction procedure and to determine whether the suction procedure matches the nurses' knowledge. In the practical part a questionnaire survey is described to determine the level of nurses' theoretical knowledge and an observation to assess the level of practical performance. In the results, the null hypotheses were confirmed, namely, that the length of experience of critical care nurses/paramedics does not affect their knowledge of the lower airway suctioning procedure, and that the practical procedure of lower airway suctioning does not match the knowledge of the lower airway suctioning procedure of critical care nurses/paramedics. The recommendation for practice is to update the information..

Ethical context of resource allocation with regard to the possibilities and limits of chronic dialysis treatment

The main theme of the dissertation work are allocations of sources in regular dialysis treatment in ethical context. The aim of the work is detection, description and understanding to ethical problems forming in context with questionable allocation of sources in regular dialysis treatment. The theoretical part of the work is concentrated on mapping above mentioned problems from various point of view. By the help of analysis of pertinent literature it is referred to historical determination and social-economic context of difficult allocation of rare sources in health service, which subsequently caused development of specific ethical problems in clinical practice of dialysis treatment. Above mentioned ethical problems are discussed chronologically, namely from the first using of a dialysis device up to now, when this therapy is considered to be a standard clinical method. The practical part of the work contains results of high-quality research, the aim of which was to explore the experience of respondents with allocation of resources in regular dialysis treatment and so in ethical context. The dates for the research were obtained by the help of expert dialogues, the method of interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to the analysis of dates. The results of the research is the interpretation..

The Typology of Mistakes in Czech to Czech Sign Language Interpreting

This dissertation focuses on the analysis of simultaneous interpreting from Czech into the Czech Sign Language and on mistakes which occur during this process. The terminology the author uses to describe the mistakes is derived from the taxonomy of D. Cokely (1985). Cokely's five types of mistakes in interpreting to a sign language (omissions, additions, substitutions, intrusions and anomalies), including their subtypes were also identified in the analysed texts. The work is based on the analysis of mistakes in the interpreted text, which has confirmed the hypothesis of the thesis stating that the use of free interpreting by Czech Sign Language interpreters is only marginal. The interpreters did not reflect pragmatic aspects of dialogue in an appropriate way and they did not use unique language features of the sign language either. They also heavily relied on the Deaf recipients' knowledge of the majority language. In other parts of the work the author pays attention to other specificities of mistakes made during interpreting into the sign language. These are for example sign deformation, mouth movement during the production of a sign, use of a sign in a context etc. She also focuses on an undesirable "accent", the important elements of which are sign placement, the choice of the sign, rhythm,..

FEAR OF FALLING AMONG COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe experience with falls, fear of falling, perceptions of the consequences of falls and how the fear of falling affects daily life in community-dwelling older adults. Design: The study used a qualitative design to describe the lived experiences of community-dwelling older adults with the fear of falling. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with six participants who reported the fear of falling. Results: Five main areas emerged from data analysis: development of the fear of falling, feared consequences of falling, activities curtailment, fall prevention behavior and meaning of social support in daily life. The fear of falling was described as a negative experience, directly linked to fall consequences such as physical injury, incapacitation, loss of autonomy, fear of dependence and experience of humiliating conditions. To maintain a certain level of independence in daily life, the participants chose to avoid falls by activity curtailment, organizing their lives more carefully and getting support from others. Conclusion: All participants identified that they had discovered their fear of falling after experiencing falls. The fear of falling was associated with feared consequences of a potential fall and had an impact on their daily life. The participant also mentioned other contributors to their fear of falling, including ill health and aging. Keywords: Fear of falling, older adults, perceived consequences of falls, daily life