AFFECTING FACTORS OF THE PARTICIPATION OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED ATHLETES IN SPORTS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL THEORY

The aim of the study is to determine to examine the current literature concerning the dynamics that encourage participation in sportive/physical activity in visually impaired individuals about the social ecological theory offered by developmental psychologist Uri Bronfenbrenner. This theory argues that the environmental layers have an effect on the development processes of individuals. Three separate systems constitute Bronfenbrenner’s model. These are the microsystem, mesosystem and exo-system, while all of these systems can operate individually on the individual, they are also systems that can work together on the individual. The microsystem constitutes the smallest and closest environment the individual lives. In the microsystem, such as parents, friends, staff (coach, teacher, club president), school, form the micro-system layer. On the other hand, the mesosystem consists of the interactions of different microsystems of which the individual is a part. In other words, it is basically a whole consisting of different microsystems. For example, it includes the relations between an individual's home and school, peer group and family and other social institutions. The exo -system layer covers the social structures that make up the institutional impact and the variables that show the interaction with these structures, such as institutional support, legal regulations, financial support, guidance service, management and auditing. In the study, we used qualitative analysis methods and techniques. We preferred the “purposive sampling” in determining the sample group in the study. We collected data from 13 male and 1 female impaired active athletes participated in the research and the ages of these participants were in the range of 17-47 years, living in Istanbul, Turkey. We used semi-structured, open-ended questions with the thematic analysis method of data. We took notes, kept diaries and recorded all impressions with dates and times. The results of the research evidently layout that all the variables that visually impaired individuals interact throughout their lives have an impact on their participation in sports. In this context, individual well-being, family characteristics, the nature of the relationship with the geographical features of the region and adaptation to the age individuals lived showed that all the variables were in a relationship with each other like the links of the chain. Article visualizations

New horizons in bank mergers: A quantum spherical fuzzy decision-making framework for analyzing Islamic and conventional bank mergers and enhancing resilience

This study explores the implications of merging two fundamentally different types of banks: Islamic and conventional banks. The research aims to provide insight into the unique opportunities and challenges presented by such a merger and to offer strategic guidance for future mergers. A balanced scorecard-based strategic analysis using a Quantum Spherical Fuzzy Decision-Making Approach was used to develop short- and long-term strategic plans for the merged bank. The balanced scorecard included 12 key performance indicators (KPIs) in 4 groups, and the methodology incorporated several questions to guide the analysis. The results of the study offer valuable insights into the potential opportunities and challenges of merging these two types of banks, as well as strategic recommendations for stakeholders at all levels. The study serves as a useful guideline for future mergers between similar or different types of banks. Overall, the findings suggest that a well-planned merger strategy is essential for avoiding challenges and maximizing the benefits of merging Islamic and conventional banks. By integrating the strengths of both types of banks, a merged entity could create a competitive advantage and potentially improve financial performance. However, this requires careful consideration of cultural differences, regulatory challenges, and other factors that could impact on the success of the merger

Serving SDGs via bank mergers: A neuro quantum fuzzy approach for qatari banks

Determining the right merger strategy for banks is an important step. In this way, risks can be managed more effectively, and long-term financial performance can be achieved. However, there are many different factors that affect this process. It is not optimal for banks to consider all factors due to budget constraints. In this context, it is important to determine the most important ones among these criteria. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to evaluate alternative merger strategies for banks. For this purpose, 12 different Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)-based criteria are selected. Multi stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (M-SWARA) methodology is used to compute the weights of these items. The main contribution of this study is that the implications of the merger process on SDGs can be examined. Furthermore, a new methodology (M-SWARA) is proposed in this study that has an increasing impact on the methodological originality. The findings indicate that increasing profitability has the greatest weight (0.095). Similarly, market share is found as the second most critical factor (0.092) for merger decisions in the banking industry. A profitable bank can attract more investors and with the help of this situation it can be much easier to raise capital and access funding from capital markets. These issues can be used to finance projects that align with SDGs, such as renewable energy, affordable housing, or clean water initiatives. In addition to this situation, profitability can also have a positive impact on innovation and technological advancement. With sufficient resources, a bank can invest in research and development, technological infrastructure, and innovative products and services. Owing to these investments, sustainable development can be promoted

Urtikarija kao rijetka nuspojava polietilen glikola-3350 kod djeteta: prikaz slučaja

Polyethylene glycol electrolyte (PEG-3350) solution is usually used for bowel emptying before co-lonoscopy in adults. It has also been reported to be safe in children. It is thought that bowel irrigation with this solution can be a useful treatment alternative for poisoning with slow releasing drugs, swallowed packaged substances, enteric coated drugs, drugs not binding to charcoal, and heavy metals in children. Due to high molecular weight of PEG-3350, its absorption from the intestinal mucosa is very low (0.2%). Therefore, it is less likely to have side effects. A three-year-old girl bit and ate one-third of an alkali battery and was brought to our pediatric emergency unit. Vital signs and results of physical examination and laboratory investigations were normal. Irrigation of the bowels with PEG-3350 solution given orally at a rate of 20 mL/kg/h was initiated. Upon excretion of feces of normal appearance in the sixth hour, irrigation was continued. Since rashes and itching started throughout her body in the thirtieth hour after administration of 9 L PEG-3350, the irrigation was discontinued and the patient was administered antihistamines. Rashes and itching regressed within one hour of its discontinuation. This suggested that they were due to the irrigation solution. There are five adult cases of allergic reactions to PEG-3350 reported in the literature. The case presented is the first pediatric patient developing allergic reaction to PEG-3350.Otopina polietilen glikola (PEG-3350) najčešće se primjenjuje za pražnjenje crijeva prije kolonoskopije u odraslih osoba, a opisuje se kao sigurno sredstvo i u djece. Smatra se da ispiranje crijeva ovom otopinom može biti korisna alternativa za liječenje otrovanja lijekovima sa sporim otpuštanjem, progutanim pakovanjima nekih tvari, lijekovima sa zaštitnom ovojnicom za probavni sustav, lijekovima koji se ne vežu na ugljen te teškim metalima u djece. Zbog velike molekularne težine vrlo mali dio PEG-3350 (0,2%) se apsorbira iz crijevne sluznice pa su stoga nuspojave manje vjerojatne. Djevojčica u dobi od tri godine zagrizla je i progutala jednu trećinu alkalne baterije pa je dovedena u našu hitnu pedijatrijsku službu. Vitalni znaci kao i rezultati fizikalnog pregleda i laboratorijskih pretraga bili su normalni. Započeto je ispiranje crijeva otopinom PEG-3350 peroralno, 20 mL/kg/h. Nakon što je dijete imalo stolicu normalnog izgleda u šestom satu, ispiranje je nastavljeno. Međutim, nakon što je djevojčica primila 9 L PEG-3350, u tridesetom satu davanja otopine nastupio je osip i svrbež po čitavom tijelu pa je ispiranje crijeva prekinuto i djetetu su dani antihistaminici. Osip i svrbež su se povukli unutar jednog sata od prestanka ispiranja otopinom PEG-3350. U literaturi je opisano pet slučajeva alergijskih reakcija na PEG-3350 u odraslih osoba. Ovaj prikaz opisuje prvi slučaj alergijske reakcije na PEG-3350 u djeteta

Evaluation of nutritional status in pediatric intensive care unit patients: The results of a multicenter, prospective study in Turkey

IntroductionMalnutrition is defined as a pathological condition arising from deficient or imbalanced intake of nutritional elements. Factors such as increasing metabolic demands during the disease course in the hospitalized patients and inadequate calorie intake increase the risk of malnutrition. The aim of the present study is to evaluate nutritional status of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in Turkey, examine the effect of nutrition on the treatment process and draw attention to the need for regulating nutritional support of patients while continuing existing therapies.Material and MethodIn this prospective multicenter study, the data was collected over a period of one month from PICUs participating in the PICU Nutrition Study Group in Turkey. Anthropometric data of the patients, calorie intake, 90-day mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay and length of stay in intensive care unit were recorded and the relationship between these parameters was examined.ResultsOf the 614 patients included in the study, malnutrition was detected in 45.4% of the patients. Enteral feeding was initiated in 40.6% (n = 249) of the patients at day one upon admission to the intensive care unit. In the first 48 h, 86.82% (n = 533) of the patients achieved the target calorie intake, and 81.65% (n = 307) of the 376 patients remaining in the intensive care unit achieved the target calorie intake at the end of one week. The risk of mortality decreased with increasing upper mid-arm circumference and triceps skin fold thickness Z-score (OR = 0.871/0.894; p = 0.027/0.024). The risk of mortality was 2.723 times higher in patients who did not achieve the target calorie intake at first 48 h (p = 0.006) and the risk was 3.829 times higher in patients who did not achieve the target calorie intake at the end of one week (p = 0.001). The risk of mortality decreased with increasing triceps skin fold thickness Z-score (OR = 0.894; p = 0.024).ConclusionTimely and appropriate nutritional support in critically ill patients favorably affects the clinical course. The results of the present study suggest that mortality rate is higher in patients who fail to achieve the target calorie intake at first 48 h and day seven of admission to the intensive care unit. The risk of mortality decreases with increasing triceps skin fold thickness Z-score

Gabapentini Kötüye Kullanan ile Tedavi Amaçlı Kullanan Mahkumlar Arasındaki Sosyo Demografik ve Klinik Değişkenlerin Karşılaştırılması

WOS:000412947000006Amaç: Gabapentini tedavi amaçlı-endikasyonlu kullanan mahkumlar ile kötüye kullanan mahkumlar arasındaki sosyodemoğrafik ve klinik verileri karşılaştırmak. Metod: Bu çalışmaya Haziran 2012-Aralık 2014 yılları arasında Konya E Tipi Cezaevinde kalan, cezaevi polikliniğine başvuran ve ağrı polikiliniğimize sevkedilen gabapentin kullananlar mahkumlar dahil edildi. Gabapentini mevcut şikayetlerinden dolayı endikasyonsuz kullananlar (Grup 1), hastalığa bağlı olarak endikasyonlu kullananlar (Grup 2) DSM IV-TR ye göre madde bağımlılığı, madde kötüye kullanımı ve gabapentin kötüye kullanımı yönünden araştırıldı. Bulgular: Endikasyonsuz gabapentin kullanan mahkumların (Grup 1) tamamına yakını (n:21) gabapentini kas ağrıları, nöropatik ağrı, uyku bozukluğu, anksiyete belirtileri, terleme, titreme ve bulantı-kusma için kullandığını belirtirken, endikasyonlu olarak gabapentini kullanan mahkumlar (Grup 2) daha çok mevcut hastalıklarının belirtilerini baskılamak için (diyabetik nöropati, ve epilepsi) kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Endikasyonsuz kullanan grubun birinci derece yakınlarında alkol/madde kullanımının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (P0.001). Grup 1 için madde bağımlılığı (n10) ve madde kötüye kullanımı (n13) anlamlı olarak Grup 2den yüksek bulunmuştur (P0.001). Sonuç: DSM IV-TRye göre madde bağımlılığı ve madde kötüye kullanımı tanısı alan mahkumların cezaevine girdikten sonra özellikle opioid çekilme belirtilerini engellemek için gabapentin kullandıkları ve gabapentin kötüye kullanımı tanımına uydukları görülmüştürObjective: To compare the socio-demographic and clinical data of inmates using gabapentin for medicinal purposes and those abusing the drug. Methods: The study included inmates of the Konya E-Type Prison who used gabapentin between June 2012 and December 2014 and were admitted to the prison polyclinic. The participants were divided into two groups; those using gabapentin due to existing symptoms without any labeled indication (Group 1), and those using the medication due to disorders with labeled indications (Group 2). Both groups were investigated in terms of drug addiction, drug abuse, and gabapentin abuse according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-Text Revision (DSM IV-TR). Results: Nearly all inmates (n21) using gabapentin with off-label indications (Group 1) reported using it due to muscle pain, neuropathic pain, sleep disorder, signs of anxiety, sweating, trembling, and nausea-vomiting, whereas those using gabapentin with labeled indications (Group 2) reported using it because of their diseases, such as diabetic neuropathy and epilepsy. Alcohol/substance abuse was found higher among the first-degree relatives of those using gabapentin with off-label indications (P 0.001). The rates of substance dependence (n10) and substance abuse (n13) were significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (P 0.001). Conclusion: The inmates who were diagnosed as having drug addiction and substance abuse according to the DSM-IV-TR used gabapentin after entering prison to prevent opioid withdrawal symptom

Yenidoğanın geç hemorajik hastalığı ile ilişkili intrakraniyal kanama

Amaç: Yenidoğanın geç hemorajik hastalığına bağlı olarak gelişen intrakraniyal kanamalı 22 hastanın klinik ve radyolojik bulgularının değerlendirilmesi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi ve servisinde yatarak izlenen 22 intrakraniyal kanama olgusu çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların yaşları 31 gün ile 60 gün (ortalama: 45,32±10,37) arasında değişmekteydi ve tüm hastalar da yenidoğanın geç hemorajik hastalığına bağlı olarak intrakraniyal kanama mevcuttu. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan hastaların 14’ü (%63,6) erkek ve 8’i (%36,4) kız idi. Hepsi term doğan bebeklerdi. Doğum sonrasında hiçbir olguya K vitamini verilmediği ve hastaların hepsinin anne sütü ile beslendiği belirlendi. Hiç birinde uzamış ishal ve antibiyotik kullanım öyküsü yoktu. Hastaneye başvurular sırasındaki başlıca yakınmalar; konvülsiyon (%63,6), kusma (%59,0) ve huzursuzluk (%45,4) idi. İntrakraniyal kanamanın lokalizasyonu olarak en sık subdural hematom (%86,3) saptandı. Sonuç: Yenidoğanın geç hemorajik hastalığına bağlı olarak intrakraniyal kanama riski yüksek ve insidansı %50-80 olarak bildirilmektedir. K vitamini eksikliğine bağlı kanamalar günümüzde halen bir problemdir. Evde doğan vakaların yanında, hastanede doğan vakalarda da görülmesi oldukça üzücüdür. Bu nedenle, doğumdan hemen sonra bebekle karşılaşan sağlık personelinin eğitimi ile bu basit prosedürün uygulanması sağlanmalıdır. Böylece yenidoğan morbidite ve mortalitesini azaltmak mümkündürPurpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiological findings of twenty-two patients who had intracranial hemorrhage related with late hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN). Material and Methods: The ages ranged from 31 to 61 days (mean 45.32 ± 10.37 days) and all had intracranial hemorrhage related with late HDN. Results: Of the patients, fourteen were male (63.6%) and 8 were female (36.4%). All were full-term babies. None were administered vitamin K at birth and all were breast-fed. There was no history of protracted diarrhoea or antibiotic usage. Major complaints on admittance were convulsions (63.6%), vomiting (59%) and irritability (45.4%). Intracranial hemorrhage was mostly localized as subdural hematoma. Conclusions: Intracranial bleeding risk of late HDN is high and the incidence is reported as 50-80%. Hemorrhage related with vitamin K deficiency is still a problem today. It is upsetting that babies who are born in hospital are admitted with HDN as well as home births. Therefore, medical personnel who deal with the newborn should be educated in this simple procedure. In this way, it will be possible to decrease the morbidity and mortality of the newborn