New Method for Estimation Mean Hydrological Changes and Question of Reliability in Forecasting Future Hydrological Regimes

AbstractImportant hydrological changes are observed in Serbia, as well as in many parts of the world. Many national and international projects and studies address climate change and its impact on water resources. Some focus solely on the impact of climate change, while others also assess the impact of land use changes and/or changes in human use of water. Due to differences in climate change and human activities, the different climate and hydrological trends are obtained for the different regions in Serbia.This paper presents the past longterm temperature, precipitation and river discharge trends across Serbia. Second, more important aim of the research, is to assess and forecast average relationships between an increase in air temperature and changes in river discharges and precipitation. This relation could help us to find appropriate regional climate and hydrological models.Even within a single catchment, depending on the regional models used, the initial and other assumptions made, and the impacts assessed, the differences between the results can be small but often significant, too. The reliability of the projections receives little or no consideration. This paper also discusses this topic and attempts to provide some guidelines

Effect of assisted antigravitation kinesiotherapy on motor function of the upper limbs in patients after stroke

Uvod: Moždani udar predstavlja vodeći uzrok dugoročne onesposobljenosti u savremenom svetu. Kod više od 85% pacijenata preživelih nakon moždanog udara zaostaje slabost gornjih ekstremiteta koja značajno ometa svakodnevne motorne funkcije. I nakon sprovedene rehabilitacije motorna funckija ruke se oporavi u svega 5-20% pacijenata. Osnovni princip savremene rehabilitacije predstavlja intenzivno vežbanje orijentisano na motorni zadatak sa mogućnošću većeg broja ponavljanja pokreta oslabljenog ekstremiteta tokom treninga, što je snažan stimulus za pospešivanje motornog učenja. Asistirana antigravitaciona terapija potpomognuta ArmAssist (AA) robotskim uređajem korišćena je za trening gornjih ekstremiteta sa oštećenjem motorne funkcije nakon moždanog udara. Ovaj robotski uređaj je napravljen za povećanje obima pokreta u ramenom i lakatnom zglobu, u položaju koji isključuje gravitacionu silu, uz manju asistenciju terapeuta. Cilj: U ovoj studiji, istraživali smo uticaj potpomognute antigravitacione kineziterapije korišćenjem jednostavnog robotskog uređaja AA pridodate konvencionalnoj kineziterapiji i uticaj konvencionalne kineziterapije istog vremenskog trajanja na funkcionalnu sposobnost, stepen motornog oštećenja gornjeg ekstremiteta i sposobnost obavljanja svakodnevnih životnih aktivnosti kod pacijenata sa prvim moždanim udarom. Takođe, cilj je bio i uporediti efekte primene potpomognute antigravitacione kineziterapije korišćenjem jednostavnog robotskog uređaja AA pridodatog konvencionalnoj kineziterapiji i primene samo konvencionalne kineziterapije istog vremenskog trajanja na funkcionalnu sposobnost, na stepen motornog oštećenja gornjeg ekstremiteta i sposobnost obavljanja svakodnevnih životnih aktivnosti, kao i ispitati povezanost opštih demografskih, socijalnih i kliničkih karakteristika na ishod rehabilitacije...Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. Approximately 85% of stroke survivors experience arm weakness which significantly interferes with motor function of the extremities. Despite the rehabilitation, the motor function of the upper limbs recovers at 5- 20% poststroke patients. The main principle of modern neurorehabilitation required task-oriented training with a large number of repetitions and greater intensity of practice, which is a potent stimulus for promoting motor learning. The assisted antigravitation kinesiotherapy with ArmAssist (AA) robotic device is used to develop arm training in patients who has motor impairment after stroke. AA robotic device is designed to facilitate arm movements of abductionadduction in the shoulder and flexion-extension in the elbow, with minimal assistance of therapist. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of assisted antigravitation kinesiotherapy using simple AA robotic device added to conventional rehabilitation and the efficacy of matched conventional arm training on functional outcomes, in subacute stroke subjects with moderate-tosevere upper limb impairment. Also, our aim was to compare effects of assisted antigravitation kinesiotherapy by AA robotic device added to conventional rehabilitation and matched conventional arm training on functional upper limbs ability, motor impairment of upper limbs and activities of daily living. We were to examine, impact of correlation of basic demographic, social and clinical characteristics on functional outcomes. Methodology: In our study, we included patients which were on inpatient rehabilitation care at rehabilitation clinic “dr Miroslav Zotovic” in Belgrade. We conducted a randomized controlled trial. The study included patients with their first stroke in subacute phase after stroke. Hemiparetic subacute stroke patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (experimental group, n=15) was treated with assisted antigravitation kinesiotherapy using simple AA robotic device added to conventional rehabilitation. Group B (control group, n=15), was treated with matched conventional rehabilitation. All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 3 weeks of intervention..

Characterization of antimicrobial substances from natural isolates of Bacillus sp. for application in biological control of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi

Bolesti biljaka izazvane infekcijama patogenim bakterijama i gljivama mogu dovesti do smanjenja kapaciteta biljnog rasta ili naneti mnogo ozbiljniju štetu dovodeći do smrti biljaka i značajnih gubitaka u proizvodnji hrane. Veliki broj istraživanja je u poslednje vreme posvećen proučavanju roda Bacillus kao producenta sekundarnih metabolita u kontroli različitih biljnih patogena. Analizom diverziteta gena odgovornih za produkciju neribozomalno sintetisanih lipopeptida kolekcije od 205 Bacillus sp. izolata utvrđeno je da je za najveći broj izolata (171) ustanovljen DNK fragment očekivane dužine, koji odgovara bacilomicin D sintetazi, dok su u sličnom broju izolata dobijeni fragmenti očekivanih dužina za kurstakinske (154) i surfaktinske operone (142), a prisustvo iturinskog operona ustanovljeno je kod 84, odnosno 59 izolata u slučaju gena za fengicin sintetazu. Prisustvo svih pet biosintetičkih operona je potvrđeno kod 11 izolata. Najveća produkcija antimikrobnih jedinjenja za pet izabranih izolata je pokazana u eksponencijalnoj ili ranoj stacionarnoj fazi rasta. Prikazan je jak antifungalni efekat lipopeptidnih ekstrakata prema više od 30 testiranih gljiva, sa najnižim zabeleženim minimalnim inhibitornim koncentracijama od 0,008 mg/ml protiv Fusarium semitectum, kao i izražen antibakterijski potencijal, naročito protiv fitopatogenih vrsta rodova Xanthomonas i Pseudomonas, sa najnižom minimalnom inhibitornom koncentracijom od 0,06 mg/ml. Proučavanje interakcija pojedinačnih lipopeptidnih ekstrakata u međusobnim, kao i u kombinacijama sa etarskim uljima, ukazalo je na postojanje sinergističkog efekta za neke kombinacije u in vitro, odnosno aditivnog efekta u in situ uslovima, na bakterijskim i fungalnim patogenima. Utvrđivanjem direktnog antagonističkog efekta lipopeptidnih jedinjenja in planta, ustanovljena je značajna redukcija nekroze tkiva listova Arabidopsis thaliana L. i Beta vulgaris L., tretiranih bakterijskim patogenima. Takođe, u in situ uslovima postignuta je značajna redukcija nekroze tkiva ploda jabuke izazvana fungalnom infekcijom...Plant diseases caused by infection with pathogenic bacteria and fungi can lead to the reduction in the capacity of plant growth or can cause far more serious damage, leading to the death of plants and significant losses in food production. Numerous recent studies are devoted to the genus Bacillus as a producer of secondary metabolites in the control of different plant pathogens. In the analysis of diversity of genes responsible for the nonribosomal synthesized lipopeptides in collections of 205 Bacillus sp. isolates, for the largest number of isolates (171) the DNA PCR fragment of the expected length, corresponding to bacillomycin D synthases was obtained, while in a similar number of isolates fragments of the expected length for kurstakin (154) and surfactin operons (142) were obtained. The presence of iturin operon in the 84 or 59 isolates in the case of the gene for fengycin synthetase, was also found. The presence of all five biosynthetic operons in the 11 isolates was confirmed as well. The maximum production of antimicrobial compounds for five selected isolates in exponential or early stationary phase of growth was determined. Strong antifungal effect of lipopeptide extracts towards more than 30 fungi tested, with lowest recorded minimal inhibitory concentrations of 0,008 mg/ml against Fusarium semitectum, as well as expressed antibacterial potential, in particular against phytopathogenic species of the genera Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration of 0,06 mg/ml was determined. In the analysis of the interaction of individual lipopeptide extracts mutually, as well as in combination with essential oils, the existence of a synergistic effect in vitro respectively additive effect in situ, on bacterial and fungal pathogens, for some combinations were shown. Establishing a direct antagonistic effect of lipopeptide compounds in planta, significant reduction in necrotic lesions of leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana L. and Beta vulgaris L. treated with bacterial pathogens was obtained. Also, a significant reduction in necrotic lesions of apple fruit caused by fungal infection in situ was determined..

Supplementary data for article: Dimkic, I.; Stankovic, S.; Nišavic, M.; Petkovic, M.; Ristivojevic, P.; Fira, D.; Beric, T. The Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Bacillus Lipopeptide Extracts of Five Potential Biocontrol Strains. Frontiers in Microbiology 2017, 8 (MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00925

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00925]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2463

Supplementary data for the article: Dimkić, I.; Ristivojević, P.; Janakiev, T.; Berić, T.; Trifković, J.; Milojković-Opsenica, D.; Stanković, S. Phenolic Profiles and Antimicrobial Activity of Various Plant Resins as Potential Botanical Sources of Serbian Propolis. Industrial Crops and Products 2016, 94, 856–871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.065

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.065]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2345

Supplementary data for the article: Ristivojević, P.; Dimkić, I.; Trifković, J.; Berić, T.; Vovk, I.; Milojkovič-Opsenica, D.; Stanković, S. Antimicrobial Activity of Serbian Propolis Evaluated by Means of MIC, HPTLC, Bioautography and Chemometrics. PLoS ONE 2016, 11 (6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157097

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157097]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2261

Mapping nitrogen transformation potential in anoxic alluvial aquifer using PCA and CA analysis

Increase in worldwide population has led to increase in food production. Increased food production consequently increased pesticide and fertilizers use. In fertilizers, nitrogen is in form of nitrate, ammonia or amide. Nitrates expressed solubility as well as inability of negatively charged ions to sorb on sediment particles, are usually the reasons why nitrates are considered as the final mobile compound of nitrogen transformation in soil. Information about the final compound of nitrogen resulting from transformation in water is important as an indication of aquifer potential for nitrogen conservation (NH4 ) or loss (N2O, N2). To evaluate the results of groundwater quality monitoring, during four years period, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were performed. Displayed map, developed as part of this study, presents an intersection of the conclusions based on two main factors, revealed by PCA analysi. Mapped local potential for nitrogen conservation or loss in the first drainage line of Kovin-Dubovac aquifer could be useful for managing the fate of nitrate entering the anoxic groundwater systems

Determining seasonal correlation among anoxic nitrogen transformation conditions

We examined seasonal change in physicochemical parameters NH4, NO3, Cl, SO4 2- , Fe2+, Mn and TOC for anoxic alluvial groundwater from the first drainage line at Kovin-Dubovac and Danube water level. To evaluate the results of four year monitoring programme Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were performed. Principal component analysis (PCA) as a multivariate statistical method was used for data filtering in order to indicate if there is a connection between groundwater chemistry, surface water levels and sampling season. NH4, NO3, Fe2+, Mn, SO4 2- and TOC were chosen as important indicators of nitrogen transformation potential. Cl and Danube levels were included in analysis as indicators of groundwater recharge. Cluster analysis (CA) was applied for grouping the months of groundwater sampling with similar pattern