Vrste saobraćajnih nesreća sa traktorima u Makedoniji

In this paper are the results of the variety of traffic accidents with tractors in the agriculture of Macedonia. In the period of investigation from 1999 to 2008 occurred 883 traffic accidents with tractors of which 593 accidents in places in the cities and 290 near the cities. From total number 539 accidents resulting from collisions between tractors and other motor vehicle and 334, are divided into 6 types of accidents. Due to loss of control during accidents, usually lead to overturning and landing vehicles from the road where the individually recorded 110 accidents and 94 of these types of accidents. Most accidents occur in places near the cities where tractors and often moving on to regional and local roads.U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja vrste nesreća sa traktorima u poljoprivredi Makedonije. U periodu istraživanja 1999 do 2008 godine dogodilo se ukupno 883 nesreća, od kojih 593 van naseljenih mesta i 290 u naseljenim mestima sa traktorima. Od ukupnog broja saobraćajnih nesreća 539 su rezultat međusobnih sudara traktora i ostalih motornih vozila, a 334 nesreća, su podeljene u 6 vrsta saobraćajnih nesreća. Zbog gubljenja kontrole nad vozilom u saobraćajnim nesrećama, najčešće dolazi do prevrtanja ili sletanja vozila sa puta gde je evidentirano 110, odnosno 94 nesreća ovih vrsta. Najviše nesreća događa se van naseljenih mesta gde se traktori i najčešće kreću po regionalnim i lokalnim putevima

Nesreće sa vozačima traktora u javnom saobraćaju na teritoriji Beograda

According to research agricultural tractors have a high risk of causing accidents and injuries of various degrees of participants in public transport. In the period from 2005. to 2010. in public transport in the city of Belgrade, 26 tractor drivers were tragically killed. In the same period, 79 tractor drivers were heavy injured (permanent disability), and 167 tractor drivers suffered minor injuries. Different and dangerous accidents and injuries caused by the tractor drivers, are still a reality in Belgrade, the largest city in Serbia. According to research of author, measures like: basic and special professional training of tractor drivers, professional and technical courses for the safe and proper use of the tractor, and the strict observance of traffic laws and technical regulations are missing.Prema istraživanju, poljoprivredni traktori imaju visok rizik pojave izazivanja nesreća i različitog stepena povređivanja učesnika u javnom saobraćaju. U periodu od 2005. do 2010. godine, u javnom saobraćaju na teritoriji grada Beograda, tragično je nastradalo 26 traktorista. U istom periodu utvrđen je broj od 79 teško povređenih (trajna invalidnost) vozača traktora, kao i 167 lako povređenih osoba. Različite i opasne nesreće i povrede u javnom saobraćaju koje izazivaju vozači traktora, i dalje su realnost na teritoriji Beograda, kao najvećeg grada u Srbiji. Prema istraživanju Autora nedostaju: osnovna i posebno dodatna stručna obuka rukovaoca traktora i mašinama, kao stručno-tehnički kursevi za sigurno i pravilno korišćenje traktora, i strogo poštovanje zakonskih saobraćajno-tehničkih regulativa

Nesreće sa vozačima traktora u javnom saobraćaju na teritoriji Beograda

According to research agricultural tractors have a high risk of causing accidents and injuries of various degrees of participants in public transport. In the period from 2005. to 2010. in public transport in the city of Belgrade, 26 tractor drivers were tragically killed. In the same period, 79 tractor drivers were heavy injured (permanent disability), and 167 tractor drivers suffered minor injuries. Different and dangerous accidents and injuries caused by the tractor drivers, are still a reality in Belgrade, the largest city in Serbia. According to research of author, measures like: basic and special professional training of tractor drivers, professional and technical courses for the safe and proper use of the tractor, and the strict observance of traffic laws and technical regulations are missing. .Prema istraživanju, poljoprivredni traktori imaju visok rizik pojave izazivanja nesreća i različitog stepena povređivanja učesnika u javnom saobraćaju. U periodu od 2005. do 2010. godine, u javnom saobraćaju na teritoriji grada Beograda, tragično je nastradalo 26 traktorista. U istom periodu utvrđen je broj od 79 teško povređenih (trajna invalidnost) vozača traktora, kao i 167 lako povređenih osoba. Različite i opasne nesreće i povrede u javnom saobraćaju koje izazivaju vozači traktora, i dalje su realnost na teritoriji Beograda, kao najvećeg grada u Srbiji. Prema istraživanju Autora nedostaju: osnovna i posebno dodatna stručna obuka rukovaoca traktora i mašinama, kao stručno-tehnički kursevi za sigurno i pravilno korišćenje traktora, i strogo poštovanje zakonskih saobraćajno-tehničkih regulativa.

Mogućnost primene laserskog sistema upravljanja radnim procesom univerzalnog skreperskog ravnjača

Agricultural areas are often uneven, which creates big problems for growing crops. With Universal scraper (machine is a result of project: "Development of modern agricultural machinery and tools for new technologies in plant production TR- 6926" which was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia) technical problem with surface of the agricultural plots is solved. The alignment of land routes for the movement of mobile irrigation units is solved to. Significantly improve the performance of these machines would be achieved by using laser management system for managing workflow. This would significantly increase the accuracy of working operations with reduce the duration of the cycle and the energy needs of machine. Laser control systems for agricultural machines significantly affect their performance, significantly raising the precision and speed of execution of operations. Application of these systems is more tightly restricted specificity of working processes in which the most justified the appropriateness of their application, primarily because of cost systems based on the use of laser technology.Poljoprivredne površine su često nepravilnih mikro topografskih karakteristika (neravnine makro i mikro veličina), što stvara velike probleme u tehnologiji gajenja poljoprivrednih kultura. Univerzalni skreperski ravnjač (mašina je rezultat istraživanja u okviru projekta-TR 6926, koji je finansiralo Ministarstvo za nauku i tehnološki razvoj Republike Srbije, [4] ) rešava tehnički problem uređenja mikro i makro neravnina poljoprivrednih zemljišta po površini na parcelama. Pored ovog, može se upotrebiti za ravnanje zemljišnih puteva na poljoprivrednim imanjima za kretanje mobilnih agregata, i formiranje i uređenje zemljanih traka za kretanje mobilnih sistema za navodnjavanje. Znatno poboljšanje radnih karakteristika skreperskog ravnjača postiglo bi se upotrebom nekog od postojećih laserskih sistema za upravljanje radnim procesom. Na ovaj način bi se znatno povećala preciznost rada radnog organa (daske) kod izvršavanja radnih operacija ravnanja poljoprivrednih ili drugih površina, i smanjilo vreme trajanja radnog ciklusa kao i energetskih zahteva mašine. Laserski sistemi upravljanja na poljoprivrednim mašinama bitno utiču na njihove radne karakteristike, znatno podižu preciznost i brzinu izvođenja radnih operacija (dubina rada, širina zahvata) . Primena ovih sistema je još usko ograničena specifičnošću radnih procesa kod kojih je opravdana njihova primena, prvenstveno zbog značajne cene kontrolno – upravljačkih sistema zasnovanih na upotrebi tehnologije lasera

Vrste saobraćajnih nesreća sa traktorima u Makedoniji

In this paper are the results of the variety of traffic accidents with tractors in the agriculture of Macedonia. In the period of investigation from 1999 to 2008 occurred 883 traffic accidents with tractors of which 593 accidents in places in the cities and 290 near the cities. From total number 539 accidents resulting from collisions between tractors and other motor vehicle and 334, are divided into 6 types of accidents. Due to loss of control during accidents, usually lead to overturning and landing vehicles from the road where the individually recorded 110 accidents and 94 of these types of accidents. Most accidents occur in places near the cities where tractors and often moving on to regional and local roads. .U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja vrste nesreća sa traktorima u poljoprivredi Makedonije. U periodu istraživanja 1999 do 2008 godine dogodilo se ukupno 883 nesreća, od kojih 593 van naseljenih mesta i 290 u naseljenim mestima sa traktorima. Od ukupnog broja saobraćajnih nesreća 539 su rezultat međusobnih sudara traktora i ostalih motornih vozila, a 334 nesreća, su podeljene u 6 vrsta saobraćajnih nesreća. Zbog gubljenja kontrole nad vozilom u saobraćajnim nesrećama, najčešće dolazi do prevrtanja ili sletanja vozila sa puta gde je evidentirano 110, odnosno 94 nesreća ovih vrsta. Najviše nesreća događa se van naseljenih mesta gde se traktori i najčešće kreću po regionalnim i lokalnim putevima.

Mogućnost primene laserskog sistema upravljanja radnim procesom univerzalnog skreperskog ravnjača

Agricultural areas are often uneven, which creates big problems for growing crops. With Universal scraper (machine is a result of project: 'Development of modern agricultural machinery and tools for new technologies in plant production TR- 6926' which was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia) technical problem with surface of the agricultural plots is solved. The alignment of land routes for the movement of mobile irrigation units is solved to. Significantly improve the performance of these machines would be achieved by using laser management system for managing workflow. This would significantly increase the accuracy of working operations with reduce the duration of the cycle and the energy needs of machine. Laser control systems for agricultural machines significantly affect their performance, significantly raising the precision and speed of execution of operations. Application of these systems is more tightly restricted specificity of working processes in which the most justified the appropriateness of their application, primarily because of cost systems based on the use of laser technology.Poljoprivredne površine su često nepravilnih mikro topografskih karakteristika (neravnine makro i mikro veličina), što stvara velike probleme u tehnologiji gajenja poljoprivrednih kultura. Univerzalni skreperski ravnjač (mašina je rezultat istraživanja u okviru projekta-TR 6926, koji je finansiralo Ministarstvo za nauku i tehnološki razvoj Republike Srbije, [4] ) rešava tehnički problem uređenja mikro i makro neravnina poljoprivrednih zemljišta po površini na parcelama. Pored ovog, može se upotrebiti za ravnanje zemljišnih puteva na poljoprivrednim imanjima za kretanje mobilnih agregata, i formiranje i uređenje zemljanih traka za kretanje mobilnih sistema za navodnjavanje. Znatno poboljšanje radnih karakteristika skreperskog ravnjača postiglo bi se upotrebom nekog od postojećih laserskih sistema za upravljanje radnim procesom. Na ovaj način bi se znatno povećala preciznost rada radnog organa (daske) kod izvršavanja radnih operacija ravnanja poljoprivrednih ili drugih površina, i smanjilo vreme trajanja radnog ciklusa kao i energetskih zahteva mašine. Laserski sistemi upravljanja na poljoprivrednim mašinama bitno utiču na njihove radne karakteristike, znatno podižu preciznost i brzinu izvođenja radnih operacija (dubina rada, širina zahvata) . Primena ovih sistema je još usko ograničena specifičnošću radnih procesa kod kojih je opravdana njihova primena, prvenstveno zbog značajne cene kontrolno - upravljačkih sistema zasnovanih na upotrebi tehnologije lasera

Towards the use of (pseudo) nucleobase substituted amphiphiles as DNA nucleotide mimics and antimicrobial agents

Here we present the synthesis of complementary (pseudo) nucleobase appended Supramolecular Self-associating Amphiphilic (SSA) salts and, establish the potential for this molecular construct to produce a new class of DNA inspired synthetic structures/materials. The anionic component of this class of amphiphile contains multiple hydrogen bond donating and accepting functionalities, meaning that these systems can access multiple self-associative hydrogen bonding modes simultaneously. Herein, we characterise the self-associative properties of these DNA inspired amphiphiles in the solid state, solution state and gas phase. Finally, we investigate the potential of these amphiphilic salts to act as antimicrobial agents against model Gram-positive (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus – MRSA) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli – E. coli) bacteria

Application of drone in agriculture

The paper analyzes the possibility and necessity of applying special types of robots (mini unmanned aircraft with different constructions with the UAV tag) in agriculture (agrodrone). Year 2015 was declared (Fortune Magazine, 2016) as the year of increase and widespread application of drone aircraft in all areas of human activity, particularly in agriculture and forestry (75% usage). This is important for large areas of farms, whe re the mini aircraft have numerous useful functions and a very cost-effective application. Agro drone flight (flight time of 45 min, and the flight altitude of 1 m to 120 m) can be used to analyze more functional parameters on about 120 ha of crops, and all data can be sent to multiple locations (Audit Information Centre, mobile phones users and the like). Today some types of agro drones have a relative price of 2000 USD, if the users (farmers) assemble the drone themselves after purchasing it in parts. However the price of these mini aircraft can be up to 250,000 US$ for specific models used by the military, when equipped with special infrared cameras, sensors and HD video tech nology, which is controlled by an operator (pilot) from the surface. Usage of agro drones may be expensive at first, but research shows that many data collected (for example, identifying the species of insects and plant diseases, irrigation, yield asse ssment or monitoring the movement of animals on farms), help farmers to regain inve sted funds, sometimes for only one year. Farmers can use these aircraft in order to establish a rational and precise use of pesticides, herbicides, mineral fertilizers, all based on data obtained from the agro drone, used for precision agriculture systems. In this sense, the farmers have significant financial benefits, since one drone flight has an operational cost of a water bottle, and the data collected has great value. There are anecdotes about farmers in the US who first buy an agro drone and afterwards a hunting dog. The paper presents some structures of agro drones as well as ideas for their possi ble future application in agriculture of the R. of Serbia

Identification of organophosphorus simulants for the development of next-generation detection technologies

Organophosphorus (OP) chemical warfare agents (CWAs) represent an ongoing threat but the understandable widespread prohibition of their use places limitations on the development of technologies to counter the effects of any OP CWA release. Herein, we describe new, accessible methods for the identification of appropriate molecular simulants to mimic the hydrogen bond accepting capacity of the P[double bond, length as m-dash]O moiety, common to every member of this class of CWAs. Using the predictive methodologies developed herein, we have identified OP CWA hydrogen bond acceptor simulants for soman and sarin. It is hoped that the effective use of these physical property specific simulants will aid future countermeasure developments

Women’s role in organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the travel industry—an evidence from the urban setting

Employee satisfaction is the main factor achieving high work performance, providing quality services in the tourism sector, which directly affects the increase in productivity and commitment to the organization. The research is focused on determining the factors of job satisfaction and commitment to the institution by the female workforce. The authors conducted a survey in tourism companies in Novi Sad (the second-largest city in Serbia), based on a sample of 610 women in total, using a standardized MSQ questionnaire for job satisfaction, and Meyer and Allen's organizational commitment scale. Three multiple regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between job satisfaction factors and organizational commitment factors. The results confirm the existence and strength of correlation between satisfaction factors and types of organizational commitment, and the fact that the position of women in the tourism sector is not at an enviable level, and that they remain in the same organization because of the small number of alternatives and moral obligations