Body Mass Index and Insulin Sensitivity/Resistance: Cross Talks in Gestational Diabetes, Normal Pregnancy and Beyond

Pregnancy is a complex of metabolic, physiological, biochemical, and immunological changes in women’s body, usually reversible after delivery in normal pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as “any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during the current pregnancy.” The etiology of the GDM is multifactorial and not sufficiently elucidated. The overweight and obesity during prepregnancy and pregnancy are one of the main modifiable risk factors of GDM. Maternal obesity increases the risk of a number of pregnancy complications, adverse pregnancy outcome for mother and child, and related chronic conditions in women. The obesity prevalence is the greatest among children of obese mothers, and an independent association between maternal body mass index and offspring adiposity and insulin resistance exists. Although the underlying mechanism remains unclear, available evidence suggests that GDM pathogenesis is based on relatively diminished insulin secretion coupled with pregnancy-induced insulin resistance. Recent findings provide data that higher BMI leads to decreased insulin sensitivity and higher degree of insulin resistance and contributes to GDM development

Using isotopes to understand the evolution of water ages in disturbed mixed land‐use catchments

Funding Information: Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen The Macaulay Development Trust Rural and Environment Sciences Analytical Services Division of the Scottish Government Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland. Grant Number: 70112 Royal Society. Grant Number: RG140402 Macaulay Development Trust and the School of Geosciences, University of AberdeenPeer reviewedPostprin

Opportunities and challenges in using catchment-scale storage estimates from cosmic ray neutron sensors for rainfall-runoff modelling

Acknowledgements We thank the Macaulay Development Trust and School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen for KDPs scholarship. JG would like to acknowledge funding from the Royal Society and the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland (project 70112). JG and LV acknowledge funding from the UK Natural Environment Research Council (project NE/N007611/1 and CC13_080). MW was supported by the Rural & Environment Science & Analytical Services Division of the Scottish Government. RR received funding from the Natural Environment Research Council (projects NE/M003086/1, NE/R004897/1 and NE/T005645/1) and from the International Atomic Energy Agency of the United Nations (IAEA/UN) (project CRP D12014). Special thanks to Carol Taylor, Jessica Fennell, Alice Poli and many more for assistance with fieldwork. Finally, we would like to acknowledge Kenneth Loades for providing us with essential equipment for soil sampling and thank David Finlay and his team for enabling land access in Elsick.Peer reviewedPostprin

COSMOS-Europe : a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors

We thank TERENO (Terrestrial Environmental Observatories), funded by the Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft for the financing and maintenance of CRNS stations. We acknowledge financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) of the research unit FOR 2694 Cosmic Sense (grant no. 357874777) and by the German Federal Ministry of Education of the Research BioökonomieREVIER, Digitales Geosystem – Rheinisches Revier project (grant no. 031B0918A). COSMOS-UK has been supported financially by the UK’s Natural Environment Research Council (grant no. NE/R016429/1). The Olocau experimental watershed is partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the research project TETISCHANGE (grant no. RTI2018-093717-BI00). The Calderona experimental site is partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the research projects CEHYRFO-MED (grant no. CGL2017-86839- C3-2-R) and SILVADAPT.NET (grant no. RED2018-102719-T) and the LIFE project RESILIENT FORESTS (grant no. LIFE17 CCA/ES/000063). The University of Bristol’s Sheepdrove sites have been supported by the UK’s Natural Environment Research Council through a number of projects (grant nos. NE/M003086/1, NE/R004897/1, and NE/T005645/1) and by the International Atomic Energy Agency of the United Nations (grant no. CRP D12014). Acknowledgements. We thank Peter Strauss and Gerhab Rab from the Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Federal Agency for Water Management Austria, Petzenkirchen, Austria. We thank Trenton Franz from the School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States. We also thank Carmen Zengerle, Mandy Kasner, Felix Pohl, and Solveig Landmark, UFZ Leipzig, for supporting field calibration, lab analysis, and data processing. We furthermore thank Daniel Dolfus, Marius Schmidt, Ansgar Weuthen, and Bernd Schilling, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. The COSMOS-UK project team is thanked for making its data available to COSMOS-Europe. Luca Stevanato is thanked for the technical details about the Finapp sensor. The stations at Cunnersdorf, Lindenberg, and Harzgerode have been supported by Falk Böttcher, Frank Beyrich, and Petra Fude, German Weather Service (DWD). The Zerbst site has been supported by Getec Green Energy GmbH and Jörg Kachelmann (Meteologix AG). The CESBIO sites have been supported by the CNES TOSCA program. The ERA5-Land data are provided by ECMWF (Muñoz Sabater, 2021). The Jena dataset was retrieved at the site of The Jena Experiment, operated by DFG research unit FOR 1451.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Earth-Observation-Based Services for National Reporting of the Sustainable Development Goal Indicators—Three Showcases in Bulgaria

Earth Observation (EO) is used to monitor and assess the status of, and changes in, the natural and manmade environment via remote sensing technologies, usually involving satellites carrying imaging devices. EO applications provide important inputs to governments in planning, implementing, and monitoring the progress of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Along with other countries, Bulgaria has committed to all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and reflected them in its strategic documents. EO is one of the priority technologies for the development of the Bulgarian space sector. This paper analyzes how EO data could significantly help Bulgarian authorities in achieving and monitoring the progress of the SDG targets based on three specific EO monitoring pilot projects’ results (showcases) focused more on the policy management approach than scientific achievement. The first project showed the opportunities of EO data for integration of a national (local) geospatial database with the existing international networks for monitoring natural disasters and accidents. The second demonstrated the time series usage of EO data for water quality monitoring. The third project integrated remote sensing data from EO and in situ measurements with ancillaries’ data to provide phenology status and crop production forecast in a common geospatial database with the aim to support the Bulgarian agriculture sector modernization

Earth-Observation-Based Services for National Reporting of the Sustainable Development Goal Indicators—Three Showcases in Bulgaria

Earth Observation (EO) is used to monitor and assess the status of, and changes in, the natural and manmade environment via remote sensing technologies, usually involving satellites carrying imaging devices. EO applications provide important inputs to governments in planning, implementing, and monitoring the progress of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Along with other countries, Bulgaria has committed to all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and reflected them in its strategic documents. EO is one of the priority technologies for the development of the Bulgarian space sector. This paper analyzes how EO data could significantly help Bulgarian authorities in achieving and monitoring the progress of the SDG targets based on three specific EO monitoring pilot projects’ results (showcases) focused more on the policy management approach than scientific achievement. The first project showed the opportunities of EO data for integration of a national (local) geospatial database with the existing international networks for monitoring natural disasters and accidents. The second demonstrated the time series usage of EO data for water quality monitoring. The third project integrated remote sensing data from EO and in situ measurements with ancillaries’ data to provide phenology status and crop production forecast in a common geospatial database with the aim to support the Bulgarian agriculture sector modernization

Combining static and portable Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensor data to assess catchment scale heterogeneity in soil water storage and their integrated role in catchment runoff response

We thank the Macaulay Development Trust and School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen for KDP’s scholarship. JG would like to acknowledge funding from the Royal Society (RG140402), the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland (project 70112) and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (project NE/N007611/1 and CC13_080). RR received funding from the Natural Environment Research Council (projects NE/M003086/1, NE/ R004897/1 and NE/T005645/1) and from the International Atomic Energy Agency of the United Nations (IAEA/UN) (project CRP D12014). MW and AL were funded by the Rural & Environment Science & Analytical Services Division of the Scottish Government. We thank Lucile Verrot for helping with the depth-distance weighting of soil moisture. We thank to Hydroinnova for making available the solar intensity data from Jungfraujoch to us. Special thanks to Jessica Fennell, Lucile Verrot and Mark Grundy for assistance with fieldwork as well as to David Finlay and his team for enabling land access in Elsick.Peer reviewedPostprin

50 години Катедра „Социална медицина и организация на здравеопазването`

22 Май 201