Outcomes of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed using image-guided core needle biopsy: results from a multicenter retrospective study

PURPOSEThe clinical management of high-risk lesions using image-guided biopsy is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the rates at which such lesions were upgraded to malignancy and identify possible predictive factors for upgrading high-risk lesions.METHODSThis retrospective multicenter analysis included 1.343 patients diagnosed with high-risk lesions using an image-guided core needle or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). Only patients managed using an excisional biopsy or with at least one year of documented radiological follow-up were included. For each, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category, number of samples, needle thickness, and lesion size were correlated with malignancy upgrade rates in different histologic subtypes. Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test, and Fisher’s exact test were used for the statistical analyses.RESULTSThe overall upgrade rate was 20.6%, with the highest rates in the subtypes of intraductal papilloma (IP) with atypia (44.7%; 55/123), followed by atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (38.4%; 144/375), lobular neoplasia (LN) (12.7%; 7/55), papilloma without atypia (9.4%; 58/611), flat epithelial atypia (FEA) (8.7%; 10/114), and radial scars (RSs) (4.6%; 3/65). There was a significant relationship between the upgrade rate and BI-RADS category, number of samples, and lesion size Lesion size was the most predictive factor for an upgrade in all subtypes.CONCLUSIONADH and atypical IP showed considerable upgrade rates to malignancy, requiring surgical excision. The LN, IP without atypia, pure FEA, and RS subtypes showed lower malignancy rates when the BI-RADS category was lower and in smaller lesions that had been adequately sampled using VAB. After being discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting, these cases could be managed with follow-up instead of excision

Initiation system effects in the cationic copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran (THF)

WOS: 000178013300004Macromonomeric peroxy initiator, poly tetrahydrofuran (poly-THF=inimer) were synthesized via cationic polymerization of THF by the mono- (t-BuBP) and tetra-bromo methyl benzoyl peroxides (BDBP)/ZnCl2 initiating system. The macromonomers were characterized by H-1-NMR, IR, and GPC techniques. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization initiated by poly-THF inimers at 80degreesC and different times in bulk gave crosslinked poly-THF-b-polymethyl methacrylate block copolymers. Swelling ratios of the crosslinked block copolymers obtained by taking in same amounts of poly-THF inimer and MMA monomer in CHCl3 were decreased versus time. It was compared the results obtained from t-BuBP-, BDBP-ZnCl2 initiating systems with t-BuBP-, BDBP-AgSbF6 initiating systems for THF monomer. Poly(THF-b-MMA) crosslinked block copolymers containing undecomposed peroxide groups initiated the thermal polymerization of styrene, S, were used to obtain poly(THF-b-MMA-b-S) crosslinked multicomponent copolymers at 90degreesC. The crosslinked multi component copolymers were investigated sol-gel analysis and swelling ratios in CHCl3. "Active" poly(THF-b-MMA) having peroxygen group were used in the free radical coupling reaction of poly butadien (Poly Bd). Poly(THF-b-MMA)-polybutadien crosslinked blend soluble graft copolymers were obtained

EFFECTS OF MOBILE PHONE COMPATIBLE ACTIVITIES ON VOCABULARY LEARNING IN ENGLISH

Mobile phones which are being widely used in Turkey have not yet become widespread for educational purposes. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of using screens of mobile phones for vocabulary learning outside of class. Two beginner classes studying a Language Preparatory School of at university were used as the experimental (n=35) and control groups (n=31) in the study. In the study, mobile phone compatible activities were designed for 384 target vocabulary items. In each activity, the target word, a visual accompanying the target word, a sentence in which the target word has been used and sound files of the word and sentence were included. In the design of the mobile phone compatible activities, association between the target word and visuals, visibility of texts on screen, download speed and sound quality were considered.Students in the experimental group downloaded and studied mobile phone compatible video files for a period of 14 weeks. The control group students, on the other hand, were not provided any assistance other than activities done in class. A significant difference was observed between the pretest and posttest scores the two groups indicating that mobile learning applications have a positive effect on vocabulary learning. Additionally, results of the interviews and questionnaires show that students have a positive attitude towards learning vocabulary through mobile phones.Son yıllarda, Türkiye’de kullanımı yaygınlaşan cep telefonlarının dil eğitimi amaçlı olarak kullanımı henüz yaygınlaşmamıştır. Mobilöğrenme kavramı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar bu yeni yöntemin öğrencidestekli eğitimi pekiştirmesi yanında öğrenmeyi sürekli kılarak sınıf dışına taşıması gibi yararlar sağladığına dikkat çekmektedirler. Bu çalışma cep telefonlarının kelime öğrenimi amaçlı kullanılmasının kelime öğrenme üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. İngilizce hazırlık programında öğrenim gören, başlangıç seviyesindeki iki sınıf, deney (n=35) ve kontrol (n=31) grubu olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 384 hedef kelime için cep telefonuna uyumlu aktiviteler tasarlanmıştır. Her aktivitede hedef kelime, kelime ile ilgili görsel, kelimenin içinde kullanıldığı bir cümle ve kelimenin ve cümlenin okunuşunu içeren ses ve video dosyaları yer almıştır. Aktivitelerin hazırlanmasında hedef kelimeler ile görsellerin eşleşmesi, metinlerin ekran üzerinde görünürlüğü, yüklenme hızı ve ses kalitesi göz önüne alınmıştır. Deney grubu, 14 hafta süreyle, araştırmacılar tarafından tasarlanan aktivite dosyalarını cep telefonlarına indirip kullanmışlardır. Kontrol grubu öğrencilerine ise, ders içinde yapılan aktiviteler dışında herhangi bir yardım verilmemiştir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarının ön-test ve son-test sonuçları arasında anlamlı derecede fark görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonuçları mobil öğrenme uygulamalarının kelime öğrenimine olumlu etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak, görüşme ve anket sonuçları da öğrencilerin cep telefonu ile kelime öğrenmeye karşı olumlu tutumlara sahip olduklarını göstermiştir

Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Fulvestrant in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Serum Samples

The electrooxidation behavior and determination of fulvestrant at a glassy carbon electrode were investigated. The voltammetric study of the model compounds allowed elucidating the possible oxidation mechanism of fulvestrant. The dependence of the peak current and peak potentials on pH, concentration, nature of the buffer, and scan rate was determined. The oxidation of fulvestrant showed a single and irreversible peak at glassy carbon electrode, and the process was found diffusion controlled. Linear responses were obtained for the concentrations between 4×10−6 M and 6×10−5 M in standard samples and between 2×10−5 M and 1×10−4 M in serum samples. The repeatability of the method was found 0.93 RSD%. The repeatability, reproducibility, precision, and accuracy of proposed method were investigated

Viscosity behaviour of poly(caprolacton-dimethyl methacrylate) / poly(ethylene glycol) blends in various solvents

2031-2034Viscosity behaviour has been studied for poly(caprolacton-dimethyl methacrylate) (PCL-DM), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and the blends (50:50) of PCL-DM/PEG in tetrahydrofuran (THF), N,N'-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and chloroform (CHCl3) at 25°C. The blends have been characterized to evaluate their compatibility during the viscosity measurements. The influence of solvent upon the viscosity of dilute solutions of PCL-DM/ PEG blends has also been investigated

Antibiotic use and Influencing Factors Among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Point-Prevalence Study from Turkey

Background: Broad-spectrum empirical antimicrobials arc frequently prescribed for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) despite the lack of evidence for bacterial coinfection