Accelerated Recovery Protocol in Extended Combined and Single-Stage Surgery for Pelvic Cancer

Introduction. The study aimed to evaluate a routine accelerated recovery management in patients with extended combined pelvic surgery.Materials and methods. We surveyed the records and outcomes in various oncological patients following the accelerated recovery protocol after a routine extended combined pelvic surgery at the Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 1 during 2018–2020.Results and discussion. Locally advanced tumours comprised 37 (75.5 %) cases, and the remaining 12 (24.5 %) were nonpelvic resections due to metastasis. Radical surgery was achieved in 41 (83.7 %) cases, while the other 8 (16.3 %) were symptomatic due to the emerged complications of intestinal permeability disruption, bleeding, urinary obstruction, paracancrotic abscess, internal fistulae or pain syndrome. Postoperative complications were evaluated in the Clavien-Dindo classification.Conclusion. The results obtained suggest the feasibility of an accelerated recovery protocol-based practice in extended combined pelvic surgery

ЦУКРОВИЙ ДІАБЕТ 2 ТИПУ ТА ЙОГО КОМОРБІДНІСТЬ

Summary. Diabetes is a complex health problem that has caused international concern over the past few decades. The aim of the study – to analyze the literature sources  on comorbid pathologies that are combined with the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods. Scientific publications for the last decade was examined in the study, which are available in the Internet, the key words were “type 2 diabetes mellitus”, “comorbidity”, “concurrent diseases”. Results. Multimorbidity, presence of two or more chronic diseases [8], is characteristic for patients with T2DM, which makes multimorbidity an important clini­cal priority in this population. Because of similar risk factors such as obesity, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation and dyslipidemia, patients with T2DM have higher risk of cardiovascular complications, kidney disease and hypertension. Patients with T2DM have also higher risk of depression, gastrointestinal disease, thyroid disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary di­sease. T2DM is closely associated with overweight and low physical activity. Another complication of T2DM is erectile dysfunction. Although most of the scientific lite­rature highlights development of T2DM in patients with pancreatitis, there is an inverse relations: exocrine insufficiency of the pancreas is found in 35 % of patients with T2DM. In addition, high level of vitamin D deficiency is another factor associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions. Analysis of literature sources indicates significant prevalence of comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which justifies the necessity of more detailed and comprehensive study of the mechanisms of combined pathology, peculiarities of course, methods of precaution, treatment and prevention of complications.Резюме. Цукровий діабет є складною проблемою охорони здоров’я, яка за останні кілька десятиліть викликає занепокоєння міжнародного рівня. Мета дослідження – проаналізувати літературні джерела щодо коморбідних патологій, які поєднано перебігають з цукровим діабетом 2 типу (T2DM). Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні опрацьовано наукові публікації за останнє десятиліття, які доступні у мережі «Інтернет», ключовими словами були: «цукровий діабет 2 типу», «коморбідність», «супутні захворювання». Результати. Мультиморбідність, наявність двох або більше хронічних захворювань, є характерним для пацієнтів з T2DM, що робить мультиморбідність у цій популяції важливим клінічним пріоритетом. Через схожі фактори ризику, такі, як ожиріння, ендотеліальна дисфункція, запалення судин та дисліпідемія, хворі на T2DM мають більш високий ризик серцево-судинних ускладнень, хвороб нирок та гіпертензії. Також у пацієнтів із T2DM встановлено більш високий ризик депресії, захворювань шлунково-кишкового тракту, щитоподібної залози та хронічного обструктивного захворювання легень. T2DM тісно пов’язаний із надмірною масою тіла та низькою фізичною активністю. Ще одним ускладненням T2DM є еректильна дисфункція. Хоча більшість наукової літератури присвячена розвитку T2DM у хворих на панкреатит, існує й зворотна залежність: екзокринна недостатність підшлункової залози виявляється у 35 % хворих на T2DM. Крім того, високий рівень дефіциту вітаміну D є ще одним фактором, пов’язаним як із ожирінням, так і з діабетом 2 типу. Висновки. Аналіз літературних джерел свідчить про значну поширеність коморбідності у хворих на цукровий діабет 2 типу, що обґрунтовує необхідність детальнішого й всебічного дослідження механізмів розвитку поєднаної патології, особливостей перебігу, методів профілактики, лікування та попередження ускладнень

CsI‐Antisolvent Adduct Formation in All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites

The excellent optoelectronic properties demonstrated by hybrid organic/inorganic metal halide perovskites are all predicated on precisely controlling the exact nucleation and crystallization dynamics that occur during film formation. In general, high‐performance thin films are obtained by a method commonly called solvent engineering (or antisolvent quench) processing. The solvent engineering method removes excess solvent, but importantly leaves behind solvent that forms chemical adducts with the lead‐halide precursor salts. These adduct‐based precursor phases control nucleation and the growth of the polycrystalline domains. There has not yet been a comprehensive study comparing the various antisolvents used in different perovskite compositions containing cesium. In addition, there have been no reports of solvent engineering for high efficiency in all‐inorganic perovskites such as CsPbI3. In this work, inorganic perovskite composition CsPbI3 is specifically targeted and unique adducts formed between CsI and precursor solvents and antisolvents are found that have not been observed for other A‐site cation salts. These CsI adducts control nucleation more so than the PbI2–dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) adduct and demonstrate how the A‐site plays a significant role in crystallization. The use of methyl acetate (MeOAc) in this solvent engineering approach dictates crystallization through the formation of a CsI–MeOAc adduct and results in solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 14.4%.It is found that unique adducts form between CsI and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and certain antisolvents, such as methyl acetate, during film formation of the all‐inorganic perovskite CsPbI3. These adducts significantly influence crystallization and the power conversion efficiency of the resulting solar cells.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154525/1/aenm201903365-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154525/2/aenm201903365.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154525/3/aenm201903365_am.pd

CsI‐Antisolvent Adduct Formation in All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites

The excellent optoelectronic properties demonstrated by hybrid organic/inorganic metal halide perovskites are all predicated on precisely controlling the exact nucleation and crystallization dynamics that occur during film formation. In general, high‐performance thin films are obtained by a method commonly called solvent engineering (or antisolvent quench) processing. The solvent engineering method removes excess solvent, but importantly leaves behind solvent that forms chemical adducts with the lead‐halide precursor salts. These adduct‐based precursor phases control nucleation and the growth of the polycrystalline domains. There has not yet been a comprehensive study comparing the various antisolvents used in different perovskite compositions containing cesium. In addition, there have been no reports of solvent engineering for high efficiency in all‐inorganic perovskites such as CsPbI3. In this work, inorganic perovskite composition CsPbI3 is specifically targeted and unique adducts formed between CsI and precursor solvents and antisolvents are found that have not been observed for other A‐site cation salts. These CsI adducts control nucleation more so than the PbI2–dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) adduct and demonstrate how the A‐site plays a significant role in crystallization. The use of methyl acetate (MeOAc) in this solvent engineering approach dictates crystallization through the formation of a CsI–MeOAc adduct and results in solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 14.4%.It is found that unique adducts form between CsI and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and certain antisolvents, such as methyl acetate, during film formation of the all‐inorganic perovskite CsPbI3. These adducts significantly influence crystallization and the power conversion efficiency of the resulting solar cells.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154525/1/aenm201903365-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154525/2/aenm201903365.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154525/3/aenm201903365_am.pd

Equity Ownership Strategy in Greenfield Investments : Influences of Host Country Infrastructure and MNE Resources in Emerging Markets

This chapter addresses equity ownership strategy in greenfield investments by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the emerging markets (EMs). It is one of the few studies to hypothesize and analyze influences of host EM physical infrastructure in relation to investment decisions of MNEs. We use resource dependence theory (RDT) as a theoretical basis and test the moderating effects of firm resources like size and host country investment experience. Moreover, the current study assumes a more nuanced approach to studying equity ownership by analyzing wholly owned subsidiaries versus joint ventures (JVs) and including majority versus minority JVs in the analysis as well. The empirical results based on greenfield investments undertaken by Nordic (Danish, Finnish, Norwegian, and Swedish) MNEs in EMs during 1990–2015 reveals the importance of host country physical infrastructure for high equity ownership strategy. Moreover, host country investment experience moderates the effect of physical infrastructure on equity ownership strategy. Finally, the analysis of a sub-sample of greenfield JVs reveals that determinants of equity ownership strategy differ somewhat between greenfield JV or greenfield wholly owned subsidiaries (WOS).© The Author(s) 2019.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

New Laboratory-Based Satellite Impact Experiments for Breakup Fragment Characterization

No abstract availabl

Performance of the SAET of the Stavropol Anti-Plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzor during the XXII Olympic and XI Paralympic Winter Games in Sochi

Given is a general overview of the SAET performance during the XXII Olympic and XI Paralympic Winter Games, 2014 in Sochi. Discussed are the peculiarities of work management of the SAET diagnostic facilities; represented are the data on the structure and scope of laboratory investigations of clinical material and environmental samples. Analyzed is the experience of operation under major international mass event. Consequently, it is concluded that current SAET structure, its stuffing and equipping, the laid-up stock of preparations and test-systems have allowed for coping with a diverse task complex in the laboratory diagnostics of infectious diseases and indication of their agents

Results of Work of the Rospotrebnadzor SAET on the Provision of Sanitary Epidemiological Welfare of the Population during the Summer Health-Promotion Campaign, 2014 in the Crimean Federal District

Integration of the Crimean Federal District (CFD) into the Russian Federation in March, 2014 predetermined the necessity to organize preventive activities, aimed at the provision of sanitary epidemiological welfare in the region. The paper observes the results of work of the specialized anti-epidemic teams, affiliated to the Stavropol Research Anti-Plague Institute and Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”, on the provision of assistance to CFD Sanitary Epidemiological Service (SES) in operational etiological investigation of infectious diseases outbreaks. Performed is the laboratory analysis of 2407 clinical and environmental samples. 676 tests out of 11518 have showed positive (non-standard) results. Given are the recommendations concerning optimization of work of the CFD SES facilities

Institutional distance and foreign subsidiary performance in emerging markets: moderating effects of ownership strategy and host-country experience

Institutional distance has been known to be an important driver of Multinational Enterprises’ strategies and performance in host countries. Based on a large panel dataset of 10562 firms operating in 17 emerging markets and spanning 80 home countries, we re-examine the relationship described by Gaur and Lu (2007) between regulatory institutional distance and subsidiary performance. We extend this research by (1) examining this relationship in the context of emerging markets, (2) examining the moderating effects of ownership strategy and host-country experience within the context of emerging markets and (3) accounting for a greater variety of institutions by including a large number of home and host countries. We find that institutional distance negatively affects subsidiary performance in emerging markets. Our findings also show that the negative effects of institutional distance on subsidiary performance are lesser for subsidiaries with partial ownership (than for subsidiaries with full ownership) and for subsidiaries with greater host-country experience. We discuss our findings with respect to Gaur and Lu’s model, which explores the relationships between these variables in a general context