Effect of material type, torque value, and sterilization on linear displacements of a scan body: An in vitro study.

BACKGROUND There is limited knowledge on the effect of scan body (SB) material type, torque value, and sterilization on linear displacements of implant SBs. PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of material type, torque value, and sterilization on linear displacements of SBs during screw tightening by using digital image correlation (DIC) analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS One polyetheretherketone (PEEK, Zfx Intraoral Scan Body) and one titanium SB (Ti, MPS Zimmer Scanbody R1410) were tightened with 5 Ncm torque on two implants (Zimmer TSV ⌀4.7 mm) by using a digital torque limiting device. SBs' initial spatial positions relative to the implants were recorded by using 3D DIC technique. Measurements were repeated after initially increasing torque value to 10 Ncm and then to 15 Ncm, and these steps were repeated for a total of 10 PEEK and 10 Ti SBs on both implants (n = 20). All SBs were then sterilized 25 times by using an autoclave (STATIM 5000 S G4) according to manufacturer's recommendations and all measurements were repeated. Linear displacements on three axes were calculated for each SB with increasing torque values (from 5 to 10 Ncm and from 10 to 15 Ncm) before and after sterilization. SB displacements within each torque value-sterilization pair were compared by using Mann-Whitney U test, whereas Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare SB displacements within each material-torque value pair between conditions and within each material-sterilization pair between torque values (α = 0.05). RESULTS On x-axis, PEEK SBs had higher displacements than Ti SBs (p < 0.001), whereas sterilization (p ≤ 0.028) and 15 Ncm torque application (p ≤ 0.006) led to higher displacements of PEEK SBs. On y-axis, PEEK SBs had higher displacements than Ti SBs with 15 Ncm torque application (p ≤ 0.033). A total of 15 Ncm torque-applied PEEK SBs and 10 Ncm torque-applied Ti SBs had higher displacements after sterilization (p ≤ 0.028). Application of 15 Ncm torque led to higher displacements regardless of the material (p ≤ 0.002). On z-axis, PEEK SBs had higher displacements (p ≤ 0.015), except for 10 Ncm torque-applied sterilized SBs (p = 0.102). With 10 Ncm torque application, sterilization decreased the displacement values of PEEK SBs (p = 0.044). Greater displacements were observed with 10 Ncm torque-applied Ti SBs before sterilization and 15 Ncm torque-applied PEEK SBs after sterilization (p ≤ 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Axial displacement of SBs was affected by material type, torque value, and sterilization. Ti SBs mostly had lower displacements than PEEK SBs. Application of 15 Ncm torque to tested PEEK SBs should be refrained from and a calibrated tightening tool may enable the application of 10 Ncm or lower torque values for lower displacements. Sterilization generally increased PEEK SB displacements

Investigation of the relationship between marital adjustment, social support perception and acceptance-rejection level of mothers with mentally retarded children

Yüksek Lisans TeziBu çalışmanın amacı zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuğa sahip annelerin evlilik uyumu, sosyal destek algısı ve çocuğunu kabul-ret düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada annelerin yaşı, eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu, ailenin gelir düzeyi, zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuğun yaşı ve cinsiyeti değişkenleri ile annelerin evlilik uyumları, sosyal destek algıları ve çocuğunu kabul-ret düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini belirlemek için hazırlanan Demografik Bilgi Formu, Evlilik Uyum Ölçeği (EUÖ), Yenilenmiş Anne-Baba Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (YASDÖ) Ebeveyn Kabul Red Ölçeği (EKRÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Hatay ilinde yer alan özel eğitim sınıfları, özel eğitim okulları ve özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde eğitim alan zihinsel yetersizlikten etkilenmiş 191 bireyin anneleridir. Araştırmada zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuğa sahip annelerin evlilik uyumları arttıkça sosyal destek algılarının da arttığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca annelerin evlilik uyumları arttıkça çocuğunu reddetme düzeyleri azalmaktadır. Araştırmada annelerin sosyal destek algıları arttıkça çocuğunu reddetme düzeylerinin azaldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuğa sahip çeşitli demografik özellikleri ile evlilik uyumları, sosyal destek algıları ve çocuğunu kabul-ret düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları ilgili araştırmalar ışığında tartışılmış, öneriler sunulmuştur.The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between marital adjustment, social support perception and acceptance and rejection levels of mothers with children with mental disabilities. In the study, it was aimed to examine the relationships between the mothers 'age, education level, employment status, family income level, age and gender of the child with mental disability, and mothers' marital adjustment, perceptions of social support, and their child's acceptance-rejection levels. In the study, data were collected using Demographic Information Form, Marriage Adjustment Scale (IDS), Revised Parent Social Support Scale (YASDÖ) Parental Acceptance Rejection Scale (PARQ) prepared to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants. The study group of the study is the mothers of 191 individuals who are affected by mental disability who are educated in special education classes, special education schools and special education and rehabilitation centers in Hatay province. In the study, it is seen that as the marital adjustment of mothers with children with mental disabilities increases, their perceptions of social support increase. In addition, as the marital adjustment of mothers increases, their rejection levels decrease. In the study, it is seen that the level of rejection of the child decreases as the mothers' perception of social support increases. In addition, the relationships between various demographic features, marital adjustment, social support perceptions, and acceptance and rejection levels of the child with mentally retarded children were examined. The results of the research have been discussed in the light of relevant research and suggestions have been presented

Emraz-ı asabiye, birinci cild: dimağ, muhayyığ ve muzayyık-ı dimağ hastalıkları

Eserin Baş Tarafındaki İlave Sayfalarda Eserin "Yanlış Cedveli" İle Eserin "Fihrist"İ Vardır. Eserde "İstanbul Eğitim Enstitüsü Kitaplığı" Ve "İstanbul Erkek Öğretmen Okulu Kütüphanesi" Mühürleri Vardır

Evaluation of left atrial and ventricular myocardial functions by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis

DOGDUS, Mustafa/0000-0002-3895-1923; Yenercag, Mustafa/0000-0002-0933-7852WOS: 000567808900002PubMed: 32897525Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HsT) is one of the most frequently occurring autoimmune diseases, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration, destruction and fibrosis of thyroid tissue and the presence of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. the effects of euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis (eHsT) on cardiovascular system are unclear. We aimed to identify if any deteriorations in LA and LV myocardial functions in patients with eHsT by 3D-STE in the current study. Fifty eight patients with eHsT and 60 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled into the study. All participants underwent laboratory analyses which included thyroid hormones and thyroid autoantibody levels; and conventional 2D echocardiographic and 3D-STE analyses were performed. the mean age of the study patients was 34.5 +/- 9 years, and 68.6% were female. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) was significantly depressed in the eHsT (+) group than in the control group (- 15.3 +/- 3.6 vs. - 22.8 +/- 3.8, p < 0.001). the LV-GLS was found to be disrupted linearly as thyroid autoantibodies increased (r = 0.684 for anti-TPO-ab and LV-GLS; r = 0.649 for anti-Tg-ab and LV-GLS). the present study demonstrated that 3D-STE is useful in the early detection of LV myocardial dysfunction in patients with eHsT. We found that eHsT had a negative effect on LV myocardial dynamics. According to these findings, these myocardial alterations that are present early in the disease process may be considered as a reason to start medical treatment earlier, even at the euthyroid stage to prevent LV myocardial impairment

Determination of evapotranspiration for cotton by using micrometeorologicel and water budget methods under Çukurova conditions

Bu çalışma 1998-1999 yıllarında, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Bölümü deneme alanında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, tam ve eksik sulama koşullarında, mikrometeorolojik ve su bütçesi yöntemleri kullanılarak pamuk bitkisinin gerçek su tüketimleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, tam sulama koşulunda toplam 438 mm (5 sulama), eksik sulama koşulunda 199 mm (1 sulama) sulama suyu uygulanmıştır. Pamuğun mevsimlik su tüketiminin ise tam sulama koşulunda, enerji dengesi ve su bütçesi yöntemleriyle sırasıyla, 496 ile 629 mm, eksik sulama koşulunda, 404 ile 394 mm olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın fam ve eksik sulama koşullarına ilişkin verim değerleri ise sırasıyla, 2040 ile 3300 kg/ha olarak elde edilmiştir,This study was conducted at the experimental field of the Department of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova in 1998 and 1999. The actual evapotranspiration of cotton plant was measured by using the Mierometeorological and water budget methods under fall and limited irrigation conditions. According to the results, in the full irrigation condition the total irrigation water applied with 5 irrigation practices was 438 mm, whereas in the limited irrigation condition it was 399 mm (1 irrigation). The evapotranspirations of cotton under full irrigation condition were 496 and 629 mm for the energy balance and water budget methods, respectively. Corresponding values under limited irrigation conditions were 404 and 394 mm. The yield was 2040 and 3300 kg/ha under full and limited irrigation conditions, respectively

Şanlıurfa Harran Ovası’nda pamuk üretimi ve su artırımı için farklı karık işletim teknikleri

Abstract: In this study, the water saving and conservation potential of various furrow irrigation management techniques for irrigated cotton were compared. Conventional every-furrow irrigation with open-end furrows (EFO) and blockedend furrows (EFB), and alternate every-other-furrow management with open-end furrows (AFO) and blocked-end furrows (AFB), were considered. Considerable seasonal water savings were obtained with AFO and AFB fl ows, on average from 717 mm to 906 mm, respectively, when compared to EFO. Alternate furrows showed the ability to reduce tailwater runoff considerably. When compared with EFO, water use was reduced by 9063 m3 ha–1 (60%) using AFB and 7167 m3 ha–1 (48%) using AFO, with decreases in yield of 765 kg ha–1 (27%) and 492 kg ha–1 (17%), respectively. Similarly, average water use effi ciencies were 0.36 kg m–3 for AFB and 0.31 kg m–3 for AFO, compared to 0.20 kg m–3 for EFO. Results showed the possibility of applying alternate-fl ow furrow management techniques for water conservation in cotton irrigation. Additionally, the alternate furrow method could also be considered as a defi cit irrigation approach in the Harran Plain.Özet: Bu çalışmada, pamuk tarımında, su artırımı ve korunumu ile ilişkili olarak, farklı karık işletim biçimleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Geleneksel sürekli karıklarlarla ardışık karıklar, serbest drenajlı (SKSD, AKSD) ve gölendirmeli (SKG, AKG) olarak, ele alınmıştır. Sürekli karık yöntemine göre, ardışık karıklardan ortalama 717-906 mm mevsimlik su artırımı sağlanmıştır. Ardışık karık sulama tekniklerinin, yüzey akış kayıplarını önemli ölçüde azalttığı saptanmıştır. Ucu açık karıkla (serbest drenajlı) karşılaştırıldığında, su kullanımı, sırasıyla, AKG tekniğinde 9063 m3 ha–1 (% 60), AKSD’de ise 7167 m3 ha–1 (% 48); verim, anılan tekniklerde sırasıyla, 765 kg ha–1 (% 27) ve 492 kg ha–1 (% 17) azalmıştır. Aynı şekilde, su kullanım randımanı, AKG’de 0.36 kg m–3 ve AKSD’de 0.31 kg m–3, SKSD’de ise 0.20 kg m–3 olarak elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, pamuk sulamasında su artırımı için ardışık karık yönteminin kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, ardışık karık yönteminin Harran Ovası’nda bir kısıntılı sulama yaklaşımı olarak kabul edilebileceği anlaşılmıştır

Mikrometeorolojik ve su bütçesi yöntemleriyle belirlenen pamuk su tüketimlerinin karşılaştırılması

This study aimed at comparing actual water consumption of cotton obtained by the water balance method under full and limited irrigation conditions, with that estimated by a micrometeorological method (energy balance), which is being widely used nowadays. Results indicated that in the first year the total irrigation water applied was 438 mm, whereas in the second year it was 199 mm. Deep percolation losses were were 6 and 0 mm, respectively, in the first and second year of the experiment. The evapotranspirations of cotton under full irrigation condition were 496 and 629 mm for the energy balance and water budget methods, respectively. Corresponding values under limited irrigation conditions were 404 and 394 mm. Strong relationships ($R^{2}$= 0.99) were found between the evapotranspirations estimated by water balance and micrometeorological methods. Consequently, as compared to the water balance approach, the energy balance method under full irrigation conditions produced lower evapotranspiration (ET). This could be a result of the field measurements of deep percolation included in ET calculation by water balance.This study aimed at comparing actual water consumption of cotton obtained by the water balance method under full and limited irrigation conditions, with that estimated by a micrometeorological method (energy balance), which is being widely used nowadays. Results indicated that in the first year the total irrigation water applied was 438 mm, whereas in the second year it was 199 mm. Deep percolation losses were were 6 and 0 mm, respectively, in the first and second year of the experiment. The evapotranspirations of cotton under full irrigation condition were 496 and 629 mm for the energy balance and water budget methods, respectively. Corresponding values under limited irrigation conditions were 404 and 394 mm. Strong relationships ($R^{2}$= 0.99) were found between the evapotranspirations estimated by water balance and micrometeorological methods. Consequently, as compared to the water balance approach, the energy balance method under full irrigation conditions produced lower evapotranspiration (ET). This could be a result of the field measurements of deep percolation included in ET calculation by water balance

Zwiększone stężenie w osoczu asymetrycznej dimetyloargininy wiąże się z poszerzeniem aorty wstępującej: badanie kliniczno-kontrolne

Background: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Aim: We aimed to determine plasma ADMA levels in patients with ascending aorta dilatation in comparison to those without aorta dilatation, and to evaluate the diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic value of serum ADMA level for aorta dilatation. Methods: This was a cross-sectional case-control study. A total of 104 consecutive patients (female/male, 35/69; mean age, 62.75 ± 13.11 years) diagnosed with ascending aorta dilatation (≥ 4.5 cm) on echocardiography (case group), and 52 age-and gender-matched patients (female/male, 17/35; mean age, 63.44 ± 7.56 years) with normal aorta dimensions (≤ 3.8 cm) (control group) were included. Routine biochemical and haematological analysis in addition to measurement of serum ADMA level were performed. Results: The mean diameter of ascending aorta measured on echocardiography was 4.95 ± 0.57 cm and 3.34 ± 0.36 cm in patients with aorta dilatation and those without aorta dilatation, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). Serum ADMA level was significantly higher in patients with aorta dilatation than in the control group (1.70 ± 1.12 μmol/L vs. 0.79 ± 0.76 μmol/L, respectively, p &lt; 0.001). There was significant positive correlation between ADMA level and aortic diameter in Spearman correlation analysis (r = 0.317, p &lt; 0.001). In linear regression analysis, ADMA was found to be a significant independent predictor of aorta diameter (Beta = 0.26, p &lt; 0.001). Receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis also revealed that serum ADMA cut-off level over 0.29 μmol/L predicts aorta dilatation (≥ 4.5 cm) with 94% sensitivity and 92% specificity and with high ac­curacy (area under curve: 0.786; 95% confidence interval: 0.709–0.863, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Serum ADMA level is diagnostic for ascending aorta dilatation with high sensitivity and specificity, and should be considered for use in clinical diagnosis of aorta dilatation.  Wstęp: Asymetryczna dimetyloarginina (ADMA) jest endogennym inhibitorem syntazy tlenku azotu. Cel: Badanie przeprowadzono w celu oznaczenia osoczowego stężenia ADMA u chorych z poszerzeniem aorty wstępującej w porównaniu z osobami bez poszerzenia aorty oraz oceny diagnostycznej, predykcyjnej i prognostycznej wartości stężenia ADMA w odniesieniu do poszerzenia aorty. Metody: Do przekrojowego badania kliniczno-kontrolnego włączono 104 kolejnych pacjentów (kobiety/mężczyźni: 35/69; średnia wieku: 62,75 ± 13,11 roku) z rozpoznaniem poszerzenia aorty wstępującej (≥ 4,5 cm) ustalonym na podstawie ba­dania echokardiograficznego (grupa przypadków) oraz 52 osoby dopasowane pod względem wieku i płci (kobiety/mężczyźni: 17/35; średnia wieku: 63,44 ± 7,56 roku) z prawidłowymi wymiarami aorty (≤ 3,8 cm) (grupa kontrolna). Oprócz oznaczenia stężenia ADMA w osoczu wykonano rutynowe badania biochemiczne i hematologiczne. Wyniki: Średnie wymiary aorty wstępującej w badaniu echokardiograficznym wynosiły 4,95 ± 0,57 cm i 3,34 ± 0,36 cm, odpowiednio u chorych z poszerzeniem aorty i u osób bez poszerzenia aorty (p &lt; 0,001). Stężenie ADMA w osoczu były istotnie wyższe u pacjentów z poszerzeniem aorty niż w grupie kontrolnej (odpowiednio 1,70 ± 1,12 μmol/l vs. 0,79 ± 0,76 μmol/l; p &lt; 0,001). W analizie korelacji Spearmana wykazano istotną dodatnią zależność między stężeniem ADMA a poszerzeniem aorty (r = 0,317; p &lt; 0,001). W analizie regresji liniowej stwierdzono, że stężenie ADMA jest istotnym niezależnym czynnikiem predykcyjnym wymiaru aorty (Beta = 0,26; p &lt; 0,001). Ponadto, analiza krzywych ROC wykazała, że wartości powyżej punktu odcięcia stężenia ADMA w osoczu wynoszącego 0,29 μmol/l pozwalają na predykcję poszerzenia aorty (≥ 4,5 cm) z czułością wynoszącą 94% i swoistością równą 92%, przy wysokiej dokładności (pole pod krzywą: 0,786; 95% przedział ufności: 0,709–0,863; p &lt; 0,001). Wnioski: Stężenie ADMA w osoczu stanowi parametr diagnostyczny w odniesieniu do poszerzenia aorty wstępującej, który cechuje się wysoką wrażliwością i swoistością, dlatego należy rozważyć stosowanie go w celu ustalania klinicznego rozpo­znania poszerzenia aorty.

Ocena budowy zatoki wieńcowej w wielodetektorowej tomografii komputerowej u chorych z nawrotnym częstoskurczem nadkomorowym

Background: In a number of previous studies it has been observed that coronary sinus (CS) ostium was larger and cannulation was easier in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT).Aim: To investigate the size and morphology of CS in AVNRT patients and compare them to those of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) patients and a control group using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), which is a non-invasive technique.Methods: Eighteen consecutive patients with AVNRT who were scheduled for catheter ablation in our institution constituted the study population. Sixteen patients with AVRT and 16 patients without supraventricular arrhythmia who underwent MDCT for other indications comprised the control group. A conventional transthoracic echocardiography was performed to all patients. The diameter of the CS at ostium as well as at 5, 10, and 15 mm inside the CS were measured on MDCT images. The CS was also categorised according to its morphology, as to whether it had a windsock shape or a tubular shape.Results: The AVNRT, AVRT and control groups were similar with regard to age, gender, body surface area and echocardiographic parameters. The size of the CS ostium was 10.9 ± 3.0, 11.1 ± 3.9 and 12.5 ± 3.6 mm for the AVNRT, AVRT and control groups, respectively (p = 0.393). There was no significant difference in the size of the CS from the ostium until 15 mm into the CS between the AVNRT, AVRT and control groups. The number of patients with windsock or tubular CS morphology were also similar between the three groups.Conclusions: Contrary to previous reports, the CS size and morphology of patients with AVNRT did not differ from that of AVRT or control patients.Wstęp: W wielu wcześniejszych badaniach obserwowano, że ujście zatoki wieńcowej (CS) było większe (co wiązało się z łatwiejszą kaniulacją) u pacjentów z nawrotnym częstoskurczem węzłowym (AVNRT).Cel: Celem badania była ocena wymiarów i morfologii CS przy użyciu nieinwazyjnego badania metodą wielodetektorowej tomografii komputerowej (MDCT) u chorych z AVNRT oraz u pacjentów z nawrotnym częstoskurczem przedsionkowo-komorowym (AVRT) i u osób z grupy kontrolnej oraz porównanie uzyskanych wartości.Metody: Grupa badana liczyła 18 kolejnych chorych z AVNRT skierowanych na przezcewnikową ablację do ośrodka autorów. Do badania włączono ponadto 16 pacjentów z AVRT i 16 osób bez nadkomorowych zaburzeń rytmu, u których istniały inne wskazania do przeprowadzenia MDCT; stanowili oni grupę kontrolną. U wszystkich pacjentów wykonano konwencjonalną echokardiografię przezprzełykową. Na podstawie obrazów MDCT określono wymiary CS na wysokości ujścia oraz 5, 10 i 15 mm w głąb. Autorzy określili kategorie budowy CS w zależności od tego, czy miała kształt stożkowaty, czy cylindryczny.Wyniki: Grupy chorych z AVNRT i AVRT oraz grupa kontrolna były podobne pod względem wieku, płci, powierzchni ciała i parametrów echokardiograficznych. Wielkość ujścia CS wynosiła 10,9 ± 3,0; 11,1 ± 3,9 i 12,5 ± 3,6 mm, odpowiednio w grupach AVNRT, AVRT i w grupie kontrolnej (p = 0,393). Nie stwierdzono istotnej różnicy w wymiarach CS na odcinku od ujścia do 15 mm w głąb między poszczególnymi grupami. Liczba chorych, u których CS miała kształt stożkowaty lub cylindryczny, była również zbliżona we wszystkich grupach.Wnioski: W przeciwieństwie do wcześniejszych doniesień, w niniejszym badaniu nie zanotowano różnic w zakresie wymiarów i budowy CS między chorymi z AVNRT a pacjentami z AVRT oraz osobami z grupy kontrolnej