Boas práticas de produção de alevinos de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum).

Introdução. Estrutura física básica de uma Unidade de Produção de Alevinos. Setor de Laboratório de Reprodução e Larvicultura. Setor de Plantel de Reprodutores. Manejo e Identificação Individual. Formação do plantel. Alimentação de matrizes e reprodutores. Setor de Laboratório de Reprodução e Larvicultura. Seleção de matrizes e reprodutores para reprodução. Indução hormonal, extrusão e fertilização dos gametasel. Bem-estar das matrizes e dos reprodutores. Larvicultura. Setor de Alevinagem. Considerações finais

Recomendações técnicas para a reprodução do tambaqui.

Das espécies nativas brasileiras, o tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) é a mais produzida em cativeiro. Quase a totalidade da produção desse animal puro ocorre nos estados da região Norte do Brasil, com destaque para Rondônia. No Mato Grosso, existe grande produção do híbrido tambacu (tambaqui x pacu-caranha, Piaractus mesopotamicus). Isso se deve à popularidade do pacu-caranha na bacia do rio Paraguai e do repasse de tecnologia, no início dos anos 1980, do Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Peixes Continentais (Cepta), que recomendava a produção do híbrido com o objetivo de explorar o potencial de crescimento do tambaqui associado à resistência do pacu a temperaturas amenas. Atualmente, outro híbrido bastante produzido é o tambatinga, cruzamento de duas espécies amazônicas (tambaqui x pirapitinga, Piaractus brachypomus) com características produtivas parecidas com as do tambacu, mas com destaque para a cor prateada e o opérculo avermelhado, os quais chamam a atenção do consumidor. Desse modo, este manual vai tratar exclusivamente da tecnologia aplicada à reprodução do tambaqui, desenvolvida pela UFRGS, UEM e UFMT com apoio da Embrapa, por meio do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Organismos Aquáticos, no âmbito do projeto AQUABRASIL.bitstream/item/83462/1/Doc-212-RecomendacoesTecnicasReproducaoTambaqui.pd

Spermatic abnormalities of piracanjuba Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1849) after cryopreservation

The objective of this research was to verify the presence of spermatic abnormalities on semen of Brycon orbignyanus after cryopreservation. Semen was collected from ten four-year-old males who presented secondary reproductive characteristics for migrating fish. Sperm was evaluated for motility, vigor and spermatic morphology before and after cryopreservation. A cryoprotectant solution was made of 20 mL of yolk egg, 5.0 g of glucose and dimethyl sulfoxide diluted in distilled water (10 mL: 90 mL). The diluted semen (1:3, semen:solution) was submitted to nitrogen steam for 24 hours and then to liquid nitrogen (-196 ºC) for 60 days. Cryopreservation decreased the percentage of normal spermatozoa from 62.20% to 54.60%. Consequently, the percentage of spermatozoa with secondary abnormalities increased from 8.50% to 15.00%. However, there was no difference in primary abnormalities. Both spermatic motility and vigor were decreased in cryopreserved semen compared with fresh semen. In conclusion, cryopreservation of semen of B. orbignyanus increased the percentage of secondary abnormalities and decreased the spermatic motility and vigor

Spermatic abnormalities of piracanjuba Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1849) after cryopreservation

The objective of this research was to verify the presence of spermatic abnormalities on semen of Brycon orbignyanus after cryopreservation. Semen was collected from ten four-year-old males who presented secondary reproductive characteristics for migrating fish. Sperm was evaluated for motility, vigor and spermatic morphology before and after cryopreservation. A cryoprotectant solution was made of 20 mL of yolk egg, 5.0 g of glucose and dimethyl sulfoxide diluted in distilled water (10 mL: 90 mL). The diluted semen (1:3, semen:solution) was submitted to nitrogen steam for 24 hours and then to liquid nitrogen (-196 ºC) for 60 days. Cryopreservation decreased the percentage of normal spermatozoa from 62.20% to 54.60%. Consequently, the percentage of spermatozoa with secondary abnormalities increased from 8.50% to 15.00%. However, there was no difference in primary abnormalities. Both spermatic motility and vigor were decreased in cryopreserved semen compared with fresh semen. In conclusion, cryopreservation of semen of B. orbignyanus increased the percentage of secondary abnormalities and decreased the spermatic motility and vigor

Quality of fresh and cryopreserved semen and their influence on the rates of fertilization, hatching and quality of the larvae of Piaractus mesopotamicus

Abstract In this work, the seminal parameters of P. mesopotamicus were evaluated fresh and after cryopreservation, focusing on the sperm variables that affect the rates of fertilization, hatching and post-hatching parameters such as larval survival and morphology. The semen and oocytes from the animals were collected after extrusion, and seminal quality and oocyte fertilization were analyzed. Subsequently, a portion of each semen sample was cryopreserved and, after two days, the oocytes from three new females were fertilized with cryopreserved semen from the males. The analyzes showed that progressive motility, spermatic vigor, motility duration, number of normal sperm and secondary abnormalities were higher in fresh semen than in semen after thawing (P <0.0001). Similarly, fertilization and hatching rates and the percentage of normal and abnormal larvae in fertilized oocytes were higher when fresh semen was used (P <0.0001). The cryopreservation process affected the qualitative parameters of the semen of Piaractus mesopotamicus. The primary abnormality of spermatozoa was the main variable that influenced both fertilization and hatching rates, both in fresh and thawed semen. The second most important variable that influenced, particularly, thawed semen, was the spermatic vigor