Immune regulation by mimethyl fumarate (DMF) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that is caused when the patient’s own immune cells attack the central nervous system, i.e. an autoimmune disease. The disease has a prevalence of 1-2.5 million people worldwide, but there is no known cure. Dimethyl fumurate (DMF), also known as Tecfidera®, is an oral therapy for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). However, how DMF works in RRMS patients is not fully understood. The main goal of this study is to explore the effects of DMF treatment on the immune cells, as well as on their functionality. This study has provided valuable evidence on the effect of DMF on the immune system in MS and may contribute to revealing an underlying mechanism for the beneficial effects of the therapy which have been demonstrated by phase III trials. Funded by Biogen Nederlan

Rare top decay t-> c l+l- as a probe of new physics

The rare top decay t-> c l+l-, which involves flavor violation, is studied as a possible probe of new physics. This decay is analyzed with the simplest Standard Model extensions with additional gauge symmetry formalism. The considered extension is the Left-Right Symmetric Model, including a new neutral gauge boson Z' that allows to obtain the decay at tree level through Flavor Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC) couplings. The neutral gauge boson couplings are considered diagonal but family non-universal in order to induce these FCNC. We find the $BR(t-> c l+l-)~10^{-13} for a range 1 TeV < M_{Z'} < 3 TeV.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

The massive multiple system HD 64315

The O6 Vn star HD 64315 is believed to belong to the star-forming region known as NGC 2467, but previous distance estimates do not support this association. We explore the multiple nature of this star with the aim of determining its distance, and understanding its connection to NGC 2467. A total of 52 high-resolution spectra have been gathered over a decade. We use their analysis, in combination with the photometric data from All Sky Automated Survey and Hipparcos catalogues, to conclude that HD 64315 is composed of at least two spectroscopic binaries, one of which is an eclipsing binary. HD 64315 contains two binary systems, one of which is an eclipsing binary. The two binaries are separated by 0.09 arcsec (or 500 AU) if the most likely distance to the system, around 5 kpc, is considered. The presence of fainter companions is not excluded by current observations. The non-eclipsing binary (HD 64315 AaAb) has a period of 2.70962901+/-0.00000021 d. Its components are hotter than those of the eclipsing binary, and dominate the appearance of the system. The eclipsing binary (HD 64315 BaBb) has a shorter period of 1.0189569+/-0.0000008 d. We derive masses of 14.6+-2.3 M$_\odot$ for both components of the BaBb system. They are almost identical; both stars are overfilling their respective Roche lobes, and share a common envelope in an overcontact configuration. The non-eclipsing binary is a detached system composed of two stars with spectral types around O6 V with minimum masses of 10.8 M$_\odot$ and 10.2 M$_\odot$, and likely masses aprox. 30 M$_\odot$. HD 64315 provides a cautionary tale about high-mass star isolation and multiplicity. Its total mass is likely above 90 M$_\odot$,but it seems to have formed without an accompanying cluster. It contains one the most massive overcontact binaries known, a likely merger progenitor in a very wide multiple system.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures, 8 Table

City Fiscal Conditions 2023

Three years after the pandemic outbreak, cities have recovered and have maintained a largely positive outlook about their near-term fiscal future. The 2023 City Fiscal Conditions report analyzes data on a total of 820 cities (including the responses from 533 city finance officers from municipalities of various population sizes). Here are four key takeaways from this year's report:Cautious budgeting resulted in better preparation: The cautious approach by many cities in 2023 yielded increased reserves and limited spending, demonstrating that local governments remain good stewards of public dollars.  Better able to weather inflation: Despite the challenge of inflation, the average city experienced more than a six percent increase in general fund revenues. Inflation is more manageable and cities are reaping some benefits of lower inflation.    Federal aid had a positive Impact on city budgets: Direct federal aid through the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) and the bipartisan infrastructure law was among the factors that had a positive impact on cities' ability to balance their 2023 budgets. Planning for uncertainties: Making it through a strong 2022 fiscal year, our survey analysis reveals that many cities are still very cautious in their budgeting. They anticipate potential risks and uncertainties in the post-COVID era as they plan for the current and next fiscal year. Among the concerns for local leaders is the expected end of federal funding through ARPA.

BICENTENARIO, EN LA MIRADA DE TODOS LOS SABERES

El tema de la transversalidad del conocimiento está encaminado particularmente a la luz de la teoría enseñanza-aprendizaje. El punto de vista del texto está orientado desde la historia del Bicentenario, puesto que la importancia de esta y el patrimonio que puede ofrecer ante el conocimiento es una necesidad apremiante para remozar y mejorar la visión, puesto que: “El gran problema de este país es el de su educación. Están formando robots sin alma y sin conciencia. Se necesitan ciudadanos antes que profesionales.Aún está vigente el clamoroso grito del Libertador en el célebre Congreso de Angostura, el lunes 15 de febrero de 1819: “Moral y luces son los polos de una república…Moral y luces son nuestras primeras necesidades” [5]. Desde esta perspectiva, se busca responder a la pregunta ¿cuál es la relación de la evolución del desarrollo dado el hecho del Bicentenario de las diferentes áreas del saber para que se construyan habilidades en los jóvenes y señoritas forjadores de una nueva sociedad?, esto, en una metodología de recolección de datos, categorías y análisis. La intención del texto es, principalmente, servir como preámbulo al asunto del trabajo con ejes transversales en la educación, es decir, involucrar diversas áreas para aprender y enseñar en el aula.

LOS PROBLEMAS IRRESOLUBLES EN LA FORMALIZACIÓN DE LA IDEA DE DIVISIBILIDAD

No se puede negar que actualmente la clase de matemáticas se ha vuelto monótona, basada en el cúmulo de procedimientos y algoritmos que no tiene sentido para su aplicación. Tal es la situación que al resolver un problema un estudiante no sabe qué hacer y solo tiene en su cabeza algunas ecuaciones que no entiende cómo utilizarlas, ni cuál es su aplicación.En Colombia basta ojear algunas de las clases para tener un panorama de cómo se imparte la clase de matemáticas; por ejemplo, en grado octavo se dictan unos casos para factorizar, pero el estudiante al afrontar una evaluación no sabe cuál utilizar y lo más complicado es que antes de dicha evaluación ya ha elaborado una miscelánea con cien o más ejercicios para aprender a utilizar los casos y aún no sabe cómo emplearlos

Volume-Based Care among Young Women Diagnosed with Uterine Cancer

Purpose. To characterize volume-based care of uterine cancer among women aged ≤50 years. Methods. The Maryland Health Service Cost Review Commission database was accessed for uterine cancer surgical cases from 1994 to 2005. Cross-tabulations and logistic regression models were used to evaluate for significant associations among volume-based care and other variables comparing women ≤50 years with those aged >50 years. Results. Women ≤50 years comprised 13.6% of the cases. Women ≤50 years were less likely to be managed by high-volume surgeons (31.6% versus 35.1%, P = 0.02). For women ≤50 years, there was a trend toward management at low-volume hospitals (52.0% versus 54.0%, P = 0.22). No deaths were reported among the group of women ≤50 years treated by high-volume providers or at high-volume centers. Women ≤50 years managed by high-volume surgeons had longer length of stay (P < 0.001) and higher adjusted cost of hospital-related care (P < 0.00). Women ≤50 years managed at high-volume centers had higher adjusted cost of hospital-related care (P = 0.01). Conclusion. Primary surgical care of young women with uterine cancer is often performed by low-volume providers

La comunidad de San Pedro Atlapulco y el aprovechamiento de sus recursos naturales y humanos: el caso de la forestería, 1990-2010

Este estudio se analiza, a partir del enfoque institucional de Elinor Ostrom que nos permite entender el proceso de gestión local alrededor del aprovechamiento forestal en la Comunidad Agraria de San Pedro Atlapulco (México). Se encontró que los campesinos han logrado desarrollar instituciones locales eficientes para regular el uso y acceso de los recursos forestales, también se detectó que existe un amplio potencial para emprender empresas sociales que diversifiquen las actividades productivas. A largo plazo los proyectos que se emprendan pueden impulsar un desarrollo local, generando fuentes de empleo y mejorando los niveles de bienestar de la población