Jean Cocteau unique et multiple, sous la direction de Pierre-Marie Héron

È nelle vesti di artista completo che Pierre Bergé presenta Jean Cocteau nella sua prefazione all’edizione-cofanetto Jean Cocteau unique et multiple, libro-abbecedario accompagnato da un DVD completo di quasi tremila documenti tra immagini, video e tracce sonore, raccolti grazie alla straordinaria ricchezza di risorse contenute nel fondo patrimoniale «Jean Cocteau» di Montpellier. Realizzati grazie al contributo di istituzioni come il Comitato Jean Cocteau, la fondazione Pierre Bergé-Yves Sai..

Littérature et médecine. Le cas de Proust, dir. M. Naturel

I contributi di questa miscellanea hanno l’obiettivo di mettere in luce le numerose interconnessioni tra il Proust autore e l’uomo, la sua infanzia segnata dall’autorità del padre medico, l’asma come malattia debilitante psicosomatica e, più in generale, i rapporti tra nevrastenia e creazione letteraria, tra intermittenze del cuore e cardiologia. Fin dalla prefazione Littérature et savoirs ou le savoir de la littérature (pp. 9-23), Margery Vibe Skagen indaga i rapporti tra letteratura e scien..

Camus, la philosophie et le christianisme, sous la direction de Hubert Faes et Guy Basset

In occasione del cinquantesimo anniversario della scomparsa di Camus, l’Institut Catholique di Parigi è stato teatro di un convegno internazionale dal titolo provocatorio, Camus, la philosophie et le christianisme, di cui il presente volume raccoglie i contributi. Sebbene il favore che la sua opera ha riscontrato in ambito cristiano sia ormai accreditato, il rapporto fra Camus e il cristianesimo presenta ancora non poche zone di interesse. Numerose sono le personalità cristiane con le quali l..

À belles mains, livre surréaliste – livre d’artiste, sous la direction d’Andrea Oberhuber

Trent’anni dopo la comparsa del volume diretto da Henri Béhar En belle page («Mélusine», n. 4, «Le livre surréaliste», 1982), il trentaduesimo numero dei «Cahiers du centre de recherche sur le surréalisme» ritorna sul libro surrealista. L’introduzione di Andrea Oberhuber conferma l’intenzione di uno sguardo d’insieme: non si tratta tanto di stabilire una filiazione lineare tra il libro surrealista e il libro d’artista, quanto piuttosto di esplorarne i caratteri estetici e mediatici, esaminand..

BIM And GIS Data Integration: A Novel Approach Of Technical/Environmental Decision-Making Process In Transport Infrastructure Design

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Protective effects of Lactobacillus paracasei F19 in a rat model of oxidative and metabolic hepatic injury

The liver is susceptible to such oxidative and metabolic stresses as ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and fatty acid accumulation. Probiotics are viable microorganisms that restore the gut microbiota and exert a beneficial effect on the liver by inhibiting bacterial enzymes, stimulating immunity, and protecting intestinal permeability. We evaluated Lactobacillus paracasei F19 (LP-F19), for its potential protective effect, in an experimental model of I/R (30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion) in rats fed a standard diet or a steatogen [methionine/choline-deficient (MCD)] diet. Both groups consisted of 7 sham-operated rats, 10 rats that underwent I/R, and 10 that underwent I/R plus 8 wk of probiotic dietary supplementation. In rats fed a standard diet, I/R induced a decrease in sinusoid perfusion (P < 0.001), severe liver inflammation, and necrosis besides an increase of tissue levels of malondialdehyde (P < 0.001), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P < 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1beta (P < 0.001), and IL-6 (P < 0.001) and of serum levels of transaminase (P < 0.001) and lipopolysaccharides (P < 0.001) vs. sham-operated rats. I/R also induced a decrease in Bacterioides, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus spps (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively) and an increase in Enterococcus and Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) on intestinal mucosa. The severity of liver and gut microbiota alterations induced by I/R was even greater in rats with liver inflammation and steatosis, i.e., MCD-fed animals. LP-F19 supplementation significantly reduced the harmful effects of I/R on the liver and on gut microbiota in both groups of rats, although the effect was slightly less in MCD-fed animals. In conclusion, LP-F19 supplementation, by restoring gut microbiota, attenuated I/R-related liver injury, particularly in the absence of steatosis

From traumatic childhood to cocaine abuse: the critical function of the immune system

Background: Experiencing traumatic childhood is a risk factor for developing substance use disorder (SUD), but the mechanisms that underlie this relationship have not been determined. Adverse childhood experiences affect the immune system and the immune system mediates the effects of psychostimulants. However, whether this system is involved in the etiology of SUD in individuals who have experience early life stress is unknown. Methods:In this study, we performed a series of ex vivo and in vivo experiments in mice and humans to define the function of the immune system in the early-life stress-induced susceptibility to the neurobehavioral effects of cocaine. Results: We provide evidence that exposure to social-stress (S-S) at an early age permanently sensitizes the peripheral (splenocytes) and brain (microglia) immune responses to cocaine in mice. In the brain, microglial activation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of S-S mice was associated with functional alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission, as measured by whole-cell voltage clamp recordings in dopamine (DA) neurons. Notably, preventing immune activation during the S-S exposure reverted the effects of DA in the VTA and the cocaine-induced behavioral phenotype to control levels. In humans, cocaine modulated Toll-like receptor 4-mediated innate immunity, an effect that was enhanced in cocaine addicts who had experienced a difficult childhood. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate that sensitization to cocaine in early-life-stressed individuals involves brain and peripheral immune responses and that this mechanism is shared between mice and humans

Tendon Healing Response Is Dependent on Epithelial–Mesenchymal–Tendon Transition State of Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cells

Tendinopathies are at the frontier of advanced responses to health challenges and sectoral policy targets. Cell‐based therapy holds great promise for tendon disorder resolution. To verify the role of stepwise trans‐differentiation of amniotic epithelial stem cells (AECs) in tendon regeneration, in the present research three different AEC subsets displaying an epithelial (eAECs), mesenchymal (mAECs), and tendon‐like (tdAECs) phenotype were allotransplanted in a validated experimental sheep Achilles tendon injury model. Tissue healing was analyzed adopting a comparative approach at two early healing endpoints (14 and 28 days). All three subsets of transplanted cells were able to accelerate regeneration: mAECs with a lesser extent than eAECs and tdAECs as indicated in the summary of the total histological scores (TSH), where at day 28 eAECs and tdAECs had better significant scores with respect to mAEC‐treated tendons (p < 0.0001). In addition, the immunomodulatory response at day 14 showed in eAEC‐transplanted tendons an upregulation of pro‐regenerative M2 macrophages with respect to mAECs and tdAECs (p < 0.0001). In addition, in all allotransplanted tendons there was a favorable IL10/IL12 compared to CTR (p < 0.001). The eAECs and tdAECs displayed two different underlying regenerative mechanisms in the tendon. The eAECs positively influenced regeneration mainly through their greater ability to convey in the host tissue the shift from pro‐inflammatory to pro‐regenerative responses, leading to an ordered extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and blood vessel remodeling. On the other hand, the transplantation of tdAECs acted mainly on the proliferative phase by impacting the density of ECM and by supporting a prompt recovery, inducing a low cellularity and angle alignment of the host cell compartment. These results support the idea that AECs lay the groundwork for production of different cell phenotypes that can orient tendon regeneration through a crosstalk with the host tissue. In particular, the obtained evidence suggests that eAECs are a practicable and efficient strategy for the treatment of acute tendinopathies, thus reinforcing the grounds to move their use towards clinical practice