“Tourism, water, and gender”—An international review of an unexplored nexus

This international literature review of the tourism–water nexus identifies a gender gap. Tourism development can affect water supply both quantitatively and qualitatively. Many regions will face considerable problems of water availability and quality, affecting their tourism sector and increasing competition with local residents, and other industries especially agriculture. This international review of literature explores the tourism–water nexus, comparing and contrasting literature published in English, Chinese, and Spanish. Securing access to safe water for continued tourism development is a common theme and the vast majority of work has focused on hotels including water pricing, water-saving practices and innovative management methods. In all continents, struggles are apparent, and the unsustainability of tourism is having impacts on water quantity and quality. This article identifies significant gaps in the literature including climate change, the energy-water nexus, and the links with the Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore, studies from a gendered perspective are minimal and the potential for areas of further gendered studies within the tourism–water nexus are highlighted including intersectionality, water insecurity and sanitation, tourism and gender based violence, and additional unpaid care work

Hotel Water Demand: The Impact of Changing from Linear to Increasing Block Rates

[eng] Water is a key aspect for any tourist destination. The pressure of tourism on water resources, and specifically by the hotel sector on islands and coastal areas, threatens the sustainability of the resource and, ultimately, of the destination. Several international organizations propose price policy as an instrument to promote efficiency and penalize excessive water consumption. This study analyzes the short-term effectiveness of a water tariff reform, implemented by the regional government of the Balearic Islands in 2013, on hotel water consumption. The change consists in moving from a linear to an increasing block rate system. The study applies quantile regression with within-artificial blocks transformation on panel data for the period 2011-2015. The results conclude that the reform was not effective as a means to reduce the levels of water consumption. The disproportionate fixed component of the water tariff and the oversized initial block of the sanitation fee can explain the ineffectiveness of the reform

Does Stakeholder Management have a Dark Side?

causal ambiguity, corporate governance, managerial discretion, stakeholder management, stakeholder theory,