205 research outputs found
The HI shell G132.6-0.7-25.3: A Supernova Remnant or an Old Wind-Blown Bubble?
Data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey reveal an abundance of HI shells
and arcs in the disk of our galaxy. While their shape is suggestive of stellar
winds or supernovae influence, very few of these structures have been examined
in detail thus far. A fine example is an HI shell in the outer Galaxy with no
continuum counterpart discovered in the survey's pilot project. Its size and
kinematics suggest that it was created by the winds of a single late-type O
star which has since evolved off the main sequence or by a supernova explosion.
A B1 Ia star at the centre of the shell, in projection, is a possible candidate
for energy source if the shell is assumed to be wind-blown. The shell's shape
implies a surprisingly small scale height of less than about 30 pc for the
surrounding gas if the elongation is due to evolution in a density gradient.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical
Journa
When asking âwhatâ and âhowâ helps you win: mimicry of interrogative terms facilitates successful online negotiations
Strategic word mimicry during negotiations facilitates better outcomes. We explore mimicry of specific word categories and perceptions of rapport, trust, and liking as underlying mechanisms. Dyads took part in an online negotiation exercise in which word mimicry was manipulated: participants were instructed to mimic each otherâs words (both-mimic), one participant mimicked the other (half-mimic) or neither participant mimicked (neither-mimic). When given a simple instruction to mimic their partner, participants mimicked both the style (personal pronouns, adverbs, linguistic style, interrogative terms) and the content (affiliation terms, power terms, and assents) of their partnerâs messages. Mimicry was associated with greater joint and individual points gain and perceptions of rapport from the mimicked partner. Further, mimicry of interrogative terms (e.g., how, why) mediated positive effects of mimicry upon negotiation outcomes, suggesting the coordination of question asking between negotiators is an important strategy to create beneficial interactions and add value in negotiations
An Automated Method for the Detection and Extraction of HI Self-Absorption in High-Resolution 21cm Line Surveys
We describe algorithms that detect 21cm line HI self-absorption (HISA) in
large data sets and extract it for analysis. Our search method identifies HISA
as spatially and spectrally confined dark HI features that appear as negative
residuals after removing larger-scale emission components with a modified CLEAN
algorithm. Adjacent HISA volume-pixels (voxels) are grouped into features in
(l,b,v) space, and the HI brightness of voxels outside the 3-D feature
boundaries is smoothly interpolated to estimate the absorption amplitude and
the unabsorbed HI emission brightness. The reliability and completeness of our
HISA detection scheme have been tested extensively with model data. We detect
most features over a wide range of sizes, linewidths, amplitudes, and
background levels, with poor detection only where the absorption brightness
temperature amplitude is weak, the absorption scale approaches that of the
correlated noise, or the background level is too faint for HISA to be
distinguished reliably from emission gaps. False detection rates are very low
in all parts of the parameter space except at sizes and amplitudes approaching
those of noise fluctuations. Absorption measurement biases introduced by the
method are generally small and appear to arise from cases of incomplete HISA
detection. This paper is the third in a series examining HISA at high angular
resolution. A companion paper (Paper II) uses our HISA search and extraction
method to investigate the cold atomic gas distribution in the Canadian Galactic
Plane Survey.Comment: 39 pages, including 14 figure pages; to appear in June 10 ApJ, volume
626; figure quality significantly reduced for astro-ph; for full resolution,
please see http://www.ras.ucalgary.ca/~gibson/hisa/cgps1_survey
Radio polarimetric imaging of the interstellar medium: magnetic field and diffuse ionized gas structure near the W3/W4/W5/HB3 complex
We have used polarimetric imaging to study the magneto-ionic medium of the
Galaxy, obtaining 1420 MHz images with an angular resolution of 1' over more
than 40 square-degrees of sky around the W3/W4/W5/HB3 HII region/SNR complex in
the Perseus Arm. Features detected in polarization angle are imposed on the
linearly polarized Galactic synchrotron background emission by Faraday rotation
arising in foreground ionized gas having an emission measure as low as 1
cm^{-6} pc. Several new remarkable phenomena have been identified, including:
mottled polarization arising from random fluctuations in a magneto-ionic screen
that we identify with a medium in the Perseus Arm, probably in the vicinity of
the HII regions themselves; depolarization arising from very high rotation
measures (several times 10^3 rad m^{-2}) and rotation measure gradients due to
the dense, turbulent environs of the HII regions; highly ordered features
spanning up to several degrees; and an extended influence of the HII regions
beyond the boundaries defined by earlier observations. In particular, the
effects of an extended, low-density ionized halo around the HII region W4 are
evident, probably an example of the extended HII envelopes postulated as the
origin of weak recombination-line emission detected from the Galactic ridge.
Our polarization observations can be understood if the uniform magnetic field
component in this envelope scales with the square-root of electron density and
is 20 microG at the edge of the depolarized region around W4, although this is
probably an over-estimate since the random field component will have a
significant effect.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures (7 jpeg and 1 postscript), accepted for
publication in the Astrophysical Journa
Chatbot Theory: A naĂŻve and elementary theory for dialogue management
Due to the increasing interested and use of chatbot, its properties and operation possibilities shall be proper realized matching both safety and security issues as well as present the several uses and compositions that this technology supports. This paper focus is on dialogue management since it is considered the core of a chatbot. The dialogue manager is responsible to, more than to transform an input sentence into an output one, hold the illusion of a human conversation. In this sense, it is presented an inceptive theoretical framework through a formal way for chatbots that can be used as a reference to explore, compose, build and discuss chatbots. The discussion is performed mostly on ELIZA since, due to its historical records, it can be considered an important reference chatbot, nevertheless, the proposed theory is compatible with the most recent technologies such those using machine and deep learning. The paper then presents some sketchy instances in order to explore the support provided by the theory.This paper has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-0070 43 and FCT â Fundação
para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia - Project UID/CEC/ 00319/2013
The "Unromantic Pictures" of Quantum Theory
I am concerned with two views of quantum mechanics that John S. Bell called
``unromantic'': spontaneous wave function collapse and Bohmian mechanics. I
discuss some of their merits and report about recent progress concerning
extensions to quantum field theory and relativity. In the last section, I
speculate about an extension of Bohmian mechanics to quantum gravity.Comment: 37 pages LaTeX, no figures; written for special volume of J. Phys. A
in honor of G.C. Ghirard
Extragalactic Radio Continuum Surveys and the Transformation of Radio Astronomy
Next-generation radio surveys are about to transform radio astronomy by
discovering and studying tens of millions of previously unknown radio sources.
These surveys will provide new insights to understand the evolution of
galaxies, measuring the evolution of the cosmic star formation rate, and
rivalling traditional techniques in the measurement of fundamental cosmological
parameters. By observing a new volume of observational parameter space, they
are also likely to discover unexpected new phenomena. This review traces the
evolution of extragalactic radio continuum surveys from the earliest days of
radio astronomy to the present, and identifies the challenges that must be
overcome to achieve this transformational change.Comment: To be published in Nature Astronomy 18 Sept 201
On detecting millisecond pulsars at the galactic center
The lack of detected pulsars at the Galactic Center (GC) region is a long-standing mystery. We argue that the high stellar density in the central parsec around the GC is likely to result in a pulsar population dominated by millisecond pulsars (MSPs), similar to the situation in globular cluster environments. Earlier GC pulsar searches have been largely insensitive to such an MSP population, accounting for the lack of pulsar detections. We estimate the best search frequency for such an MSP population with present and upcoming broad-band radio telescopes for two possible scattering scenarios, the âweak-scatteringâ case suggested by the recent detection of a magnetar close to the GC, and the âstrong-scatteringâ case, with the scattering screen located close to the GC. The optimal search frequencies are â 8 GHz ( weak-scattering ) and â 25 GHz ( strong-scattering ) , for pulsars with periods 1 â 20 ms, assuming that GC pulsars have a luminosity distribution similar to that those in the rest of the Milky Way. We find that 10 â 30 hr integrations with the Very Large Array and the Green Bank Telescope would be sufficient to detect MSPs at the GC distance in the weak-scattering case. However, if the strong-scattering case is indeed applicable to the GC, observations with the full Square Kilometre Array would be needed to detect the putative MSP population
The practice educator as museum guide, art therapist or exhibition curator: a cross-disciplinary analysis of arts-based learning
The use of arts-based approaches in professional education in health and social care has gathered momentum in the last decade and their effectiveness has been well documented. There are helpful models in the education literature that begin to explain how these creative methods work in learning and practice, and that assert the significance of an emotional or affective level of learning. However, the process remains elusive, almost a âgivenâ. A more cross-disciplinary analysis of affective learning is needed to guide arts-based methods and more robust evaluation of their use in health and social care education and practice. This paper identifies different roles that can be taken by the practice educator with a review of those theoretical models of affective learning that underpin them to help understand how and why arts-based approaches are effective
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