Neutrino Mass Matrices with Two Vanishing Elements/Cofactors

We study the phenomenological implications of the recent neutrino data for class B of two texture zeros and two vanishing cofactors for Majorana neutrinos in the flavor basis. We find that classes $B_{1}$($B_2$) of two texture zeros and classes $B_5$($B_6$) of two vanishing cofactors have similar predictions for neutrino oscillation parameters for the same mass hierarchy. Similar predictions for classes $B_3$($B_4$) of two texture zeros and classes $B_3$($B_4$) of two vanishing cofactors are expected. However, a preference for a shift in the quadrant of the Dirac-type CP violating phase($\delta$) in contrast to the earlier analysis has been predicted for a relatively large value of the reactor neutrino mixing angle($\theta_{13}$) for class B of two texture zeros and two vanishing cofactors for an inverted mass spectrum. No such shift in the quadrant of $\delta$ has been found for the normal mass spectrum.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures and 3 table

Assessing spatial information access, use and sharing for catchment management in Australia

Spatial data plays an important role in many social, environmental, economic and political decisions and is increasingly acknowledged as a national resource essential for sustainable development. One of the potential areas where spatial data can make a positive impact is for improved decision making to support catchment management. Reliable spatial data infrastructure (SDI) is needed to record the environmental, social and economic dimensions of catchment management. By building an appropriate SDI, disparate spatial data can be accessed and utilised to facilitate the exchange and sharing of spatial data between stakeholders across catchment communities. The aim of this paper is to identify the factors/variables contributing to spatial information access, sharing and use across catchment management areas and evaluate the current status of spatial information access, sharing and use among Australian states from a catchment management authority perspective. A survey method was used to collect primary data from 56 regional natural resource management (NRM) bodies responsible for catchment management in Australia. Descriptive statistics method was used to show the similarities and differences among Australian states. The key factors which influence sharing and access to spatial information are also explored. We found there is significant for spatial information access, use and sharing to contribute to SDI development

Reflection on Leviathan: State and Governance in Nepal

Nepal’s state-society relations are moving in tandem with the change in global conceptual design and claim of Nepalese citizens to share state sovereignty and authority. Nepalese citizens have experienced various nature of state system—patrimonial, extractive-patrimonial, constitutional, authoritarian, subsidiary and now fragile. The state fragility is marked by the erosion of its “legitimate monopoly on power,” incapacity to achieve governance goals—national security, law and order, voice, civic articipation, service delivery and cope with post-state challenges. Endogenous post-conflict state building process in Nepal requires addressing the crisis of power, a legitimate social contract, a workable constitution, structural reforms to address the root causes of conflict and democratic peace. The support of international community to the Nepalese citizens’ aspiration for a constitutional state is necessary to maintain a golden rule of politics: the instinct of society for freedom and the imperative of state for public order to keep mixed fabric of Nepalese society together and attain civil peace, social justice and changing ideals of democracy rooted into constitutional and cosmological rights

Sexual and reproductive health status and health service utilisation of adolescents in four districts in Nepal

This study is the first part of an impact evaluation that documents the effectiveness of the National Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Programme in Nepal led by the Family Health Division. It was under the leadership of the German organisation GFA Consulting Group

Dating and Sex Among Emerging Adults in Nepal

Social and cultural changes in Nepal, including better communication facilities and transport, more urbanization and a rising age at which people marry, have created more opportunities for young people for “dating.” Our qualitative study explores whether the existence of dating cultures influences young people’s sexual behavior in Nepal. Focus group discussions with a total of 75 participants and 31 in-depth individual interviews were conducted among young people in Nepal. Most urban and rural young people liked the dating culture. Although it is a new kind of culture in Nepalese society, it is gaining popularity. The mass media were regarded as encouraging and creating an environment for dating. Most participants believed that dating culture encourages premarital and extramarital sexual behavior. The authors underpin their findings by linking it to the “emerging adulthood” framework. In terms of public health, they recommend that dating practice should be discussed in formal and informal education to promote safer sex

Barriers to sexual health services for young people in Nepal

Although sexual and reproductive health education and services are provided to young people, current rates of HIV infection and pregnancy are increasing in Nepal, indicating that young people do not always use sexual health services. Health facilities have apparently failed to provide young people with specialized sexual health education and services. This study explored the barriers to using sexual health services, including condom-use among young people in Nepal. Participants from 10 focus groups and 31 in-depth interviews, carried out by a same-sex researcher, reported many socioeconomic, cultural and physical norms that impose barriers to accessing information on sexual health and relevant services. It is concluded that the establishment of youth-friendly service centres in convenient places might help encourage young people to use sexual health services

Opportunities and challenges in school-based sex and sexual health education in Nepal

This article identifi es and addresses opportunities for and challenges to current school-based sex and sexual health education in Nepal. Key literature searches were conducted of electronic databases and relevant web-sites, furthermore personal contact with experts and the hand searching of key journals was included. The review of this literature generated the following challenges: Limitations to teaching including lack of life skill-based and human right-based approach, inappropriate teaching aid and reliance on conventional methods, existing policy and practice, parental/community support, and lack of research into and evaluation of sex education. Diverse methodology in teaching, implementation of peer education programme, partnership with parents, involvement of external agencies and health professionals, capacity building of teachers, access to support and service organisation, and research and evaluation in sex education have been suggested for improving the current practice of sex and sexual health education in Nepalese schools

India and the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics: A Study of Their Collaboration in Agricultural Research

A study of the Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR), its institutes, centers, and projects, and the impacts of their collaboration with ICRISAT in promoting Indian national research capacity and raising agricultural production in the semi arid and dry zones of the country. The study also addresses the roles and contributions of India's twenty three agricultural universities, and of the National Academy for Agricultural Research Management in education, training, and extension.Written by Ishwar Chandra Mahapatra, Dev Raj Bhumbla, and Shriniwas Dattatraya Bokil

Analyzing User Behavior of Social Media

In recent time, analysis the user behavior from social media sites and applications plays a important role in current scenario. The users are people who are using social media sites and applications. To analyzing the behavior researcher deals with collecting data by opinions, identifying them. Classifying data according to the orientation of opinions and presenting their behavior from data. Analysis of behavior is an interesting job but it is also a very challenging procedure. Most of social media provides huge opinions on a particular product. The response/ opinions by user play a significant role in deciding the product�s future. These responses create positive or negative impact which plays a vital role in the field of e-commerce. It provides the useful result about product which have demands in the market or not, which is very useful for both customers as well as supplier of that product. In this paper researcher purposed some steps to analyze and express their views how social media data analyze market behavior for both company and customer