Consentements à payer et préférences sensorielles pour des produits ciblés sur les besoins nutritionnels des seniors : une approche expérimentale

International audienceThe design of products with nutritional characteristics adapted to the specific needs of the elderly could be one of the courses of action to prevent age-related health risks. Four hundred and seventy-two consumers over 65 years old revealed their willingness-to-pay and their sensory assessments for standard food products and food products enriched with protein, calcium or omega 3. For most products, the willingness-to-pay for the enriched variant is lower than for the standard variant, because of a lower sensory perception. If the sensory gap is not too high, health and nutritional claims may compensate it. Where the sensory perception of the enriched variant is much lower, the introduction of claims on the enriched product does not make it possible to compensate for the willingness-to-pay difference due to the sensory difference between the two products.Une des voies d’action pour prévenir les risques de santé liés à l’âge réside dans la conception de produits présentant des caractéristiques nutritionnelles adaptées aux besoins spécifiques des personnes âgées. L’étude réalisée auprès de 472 consommateurs de plus de 65 ans avait pour objectif de comparer leurs consentements à payer et leurs appréciations sensorielles pour des produits alimentaires standards ou enrichis en protéines, en calcium ou en omega 3, et cela en présence de différents types d’étiquetage. Pour plusieurs des produits considérés, le consentement à payer pour la variante enrichie est moins élevé que celui pour la variante standard, et les allégations mises en avant par l’étiquetage ne suffisent pas à compenser une évaluation significativement plus faible sur le plan sensoriel de la variante enrichie. Ce n’est que quand cet écart sensoriel est modéré que les arguments nutritionnels ou de confort en bouche permettent une valorisation équivalente ou légèrement supérieure de la variante enrichie

Evaluation sensorielle. Actia. Guide de bonnes pratiques

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Biodiversity of coagulase-negative Staphylococci in French cheeses, dry fermented sausages, processing environments and clinical samples.

International audienceIn this study, the biodiversity of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CNS) strains isolated in France from cheese related samples (227 isolates) and dry sausage related samples (204 isolates) was compared to the biodiversity of 297 clinical isolates. Species identification was performed using different molecular methods (specific PCR, "Staph array" hybridization and sodA gene sequencing). Infraspecific biodiversity of strains belonging to the main CNS species found in both food and clinical samples was then assessed by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). For food-related samples, the main species encountered corresponded to Staphylococcus equorum (28.5%), S. xylosus (28.3%), S. saprophyticus (12.5%) and S. succinus (7.7%); while, for clinical isolates, the main species encountered corresponded to S. epidermidis (69.4%), S. capitis (9.8%), S. hominis (4.5%), S. warneri (4.5%) and S. haemolyticus (3.8%). The two main species common to both food and clinical samples corresponded to S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus. Concerning infraspecific biodiversity, PFGE profiles of S. equorum, S. saprophyticus and S. epidermidis showed a large genomic biodiversity. Comparatively, S. xylosus exhibited a lower biodiversity. No correlation could be observed between PFGE patterns and either the geographical origin or the sample type. This study highlighted that no food strains had similar PFGE profiles to clinical ones and that the two main food-related species, S. equorum and S. xylosus, were not found in clinical samples. The identification of CNS species and the characterisation of the genetic diversity of the strains constitute a first step towards CNS safety assessment

Application of a path-modelling approach for deciphering causality relationships between microbiota, volatile organic compounds and off-odour profiles during meat spoilage

International audienceMicrobiological spoilage of meat is considered as a process which involves mainly bacterial metabolism leading to degradation of meat sensory qualities. Studying spoilage requires the collection of different types of experimental data encompassing microbiological, physicochemical and sensorial measurements. Within this framework, the objective herein was to carry out a multiblock path modelling workflow to decipher causality relationships between different types of spoilage-related responses: composition of microbiota, volatilome and off-odour profiles. Analyses were performed with the Path-ComDim approach on a large-scale dataset collected on fresh turkey sausages. This approach enabled to quantify the importance of causality relationships determined a priori between each type of responses as well as to identify important responses involved in spoilage, then to validate causality assumptions. Results were very promising: the data integration confirmed and quantified the causality between data blocks, exhibiting the dynamical nature of spoilage, mainly characterized by the evolution of off-odour profiles caused by the production of volatile organic compounds such as ethanol or ethyl acetate. This production was possibly associated with several bacterial species like Lactococcus piscium, Leuconostoc gelidum, Psychrobacter sp. or Latilactobacillus fuchuensis. Likewise, the production of acetoin and diacetyl in meat spoilage was highlighted. The Path-ComDim approach illustrated here with meat spoilage can be applied to other large-scale and heterogeneous datasets associated with pathway scenarios and represents a promising key tool for deciphering causality in complex biological phenomena

Spoilage of fresh turkey and pork sausages: Influence of potassium lactate and modified atmosphere packaging

International audienceFresh poultry and pork meat products represent highly perishable products which are susceptible to spoil within a few days after production. Lactate addition and modified atmosphere packaging are common preservation strategies used to overcome spoilage. This study aimed to identify the effects of these strategies and their possible interactions on spoilage indicators simultaneously on fresh pork and turkey sausages. Ten batches of raw meat (turkey or pork) sausages were industrially produced with different lactate concentrations (0, 1 or 2% w/w in turkey and 0, 0.57 and 1.13% w/w in pork), packed under different gas mixtures (air, MAP1: 70% O2 – 30% CO2 and MAP2: 50% CO2 − 50% N2) and chill stored during 22 days. Spoilage responses including enumeration of total aerobic mesophilic and lactic acid bacteria, measurement of pH and colour, evaluation of visual defects and off-odour, were monitored. Effects of lactate and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) as well as random effect of the batch variability were studied using a mixed effect model. Despite initial batch variability, significant effects of lactate and gas packaging were observed but in a different way in turkey and pork. Our results suggest that for fresh turkey sausages, the gas mixture enriched in oxygen enhanced off-odour perception and sausage discolouration from red to dark grey / brown colour. Unlike turkey sausages, in pork sausages, lactate did not significantly influence the monitored spoilage responses, whereas MAP (70% O2-30% CO2) reduced the off-odour perception. The developed model could be useful to estimate the effect of preservation strategies on spoilage occurrence while considering industrial batch variability

Microbial risk assessment in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from fermented foodstuffs using a dedicated diagnostic microarray

Microbial risk assessment in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from fermented foodstuffs using a dedicated diagnostic microarray. 21. International ICFMH " Evolving microbial Food quality and safety

Microbial risk assessment in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from fermented foodstuffs using a dedicated diagnostic microarray

Microbial risk assessment in coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from fermented foodstuffs using a dedicated diagnostic microarray. 21. International ICFMH " Evolving microbial Food quality and safety