Standardisation of recipe for the preparation of lobster analogues

Lobster analogues were prepared with lobster base flavour (paste),h lobster cook water (whole lobster omogenate:water, 1:1 and 1:0.5) and lobster meat mince. In another experiment, different combinations of ginger-garlic paste and lobster base flavour, i.e., 1:3, 1:4, 1:6, 3:3, 3:4, 3:6, 5:3, 5:4 and 5:6 were added to the lobster analogue paste. It was observed that lobster analogues prepared with lobster base flavour (paste) are suitable organoleptically. The combination of ginger garlic paste and lobster base flavour in the ratio of 3:4 was found to be suitable organoleptically. Lobster analogues coloured with annatto seed colour at 1:2 (annatto seed:water) concentration had high values for the colour attribute as compared to orange-red synthetic colour, beetroot colour, caramel colour and paprika colour. It was observed that come-up-time to achieve a temperature of850°C was 28 minutes with a processing period of 11 minutes

Distribution of planktonic decapods with special reference to Acetes from nearshore waters of Bombay

Distribution and seasonal variation of decapod larvae were studied from 8 stations off Versova and Mahim during Nov. 1979 to Dec. 1980. Decapod larvae were encountered throughout the year contributing 7.27% of total zooplankton. Numerically, they were more to Versova (av. 1766/100 m super(3)) than Mahim (av. 970/100 m super(3)). Acetes) spp. were common along both the transects. They were represented by Acetes indicus, A. siibogae and A. erythraeus. The effect of physico-chemical parameters in the occurrence of decapod larvae is discussed

Effect of modified starch on the shelf life of frozen fish Kamaboko with prepared spinach

Fish kamaboko with spinach was prepared by mixing fish kamaboko with spinach prepared with different combinations of ordinary starch (OS) and modified starch (MS), viz., 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 100%) MS and 100% OS. The products were frozen at -40°C and stored at -20°C, and subjected to biochemical (peroxide value, total titratable acidity, pH and moisture) organoleptic (appearance, taste and colour), microbiological (total plate count) and physical (folding and expressible water) tests at monthly intervals. Among the different combinations tried, it was observed that fish kamaboko with spinach prepared with 50:50 and 60:40 combinations of OS and MS could be stored for six months at-20°C

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Not AvailableThe trophic interactions and energy flows of a tropical reservoir was carried out to assess the effect of stocking carps as a management strategy on the food web of the reservoir ecosystem using mass balance modelling. The model structured around 13 ecological groups which included the most dominant catfishes Mystus spp. The trophic level of the reservoir varied between 3.63 and 1.0, with the largest values corresponding to aquatic birds, and the carnivorous fishes (other catfishes, Mystus spp and snake-heads) acting as top predators upon system resources at lower trophic levels. The ecotrophic efficiency was highest for the planktivorous fishes (major carps, minor carps and minnows) whereas low values were recorded for the most dominant fish group, the catfishes. The mixed trophic impact routine shows that the, Mystus spp. have a strong negative impact on minor carps and minnows but the other catfishes (Wallago attu and Ompok bimaculatus) have a slight positive impact on the major carps (the stocked fishes). The snakeheads (Channa marulius and Channa punctatus) exert negative impact on their preferred prey, major carps. The reservoir has a detritus based food chain, where almost all the biomass is concentrated in the first two trophic levels (the producers level and the herbivore/detritivore level), with rather low transfer efficiencies. The primary production/biomass ratio was 80.33. Finns Cycling Index was estimated at 1.99 % of the total system throughput. All the attributes of ecosystem maturity and stability explicitly indicate that the ecosystem is in developmental phaseNot Availabl

A structural investigation of organic battery anode materials by NMR crystallography

Conjugated alkali metal dicarboxylates have recently received attention for applications as organic anode materials in lithium- and sodium-ion batteries. In order to understand and optimise these materials, it is important to be able to characterise both the long-range and local aspects of the crystal structure, which may change during battery cycling. Furthermore, some materials can display polymorphism or hydration behaviour. NMR crystallography, which combines long-range crystallographic information from diffraction with local information from solid-state NMR via interpretation aided by DFT calculations, is one such approach, but this has not yet been widely applied to conjugated dicarboxylates. In this work, we evaluate the application of NMR crystallography for a set of model lithium and sodium dicarboxylate salts. We investigate the effect of different DFT geometry optimisation strategies and find that the calculated NMR parameters are not systematically affected by the choice of optimisation method, although the inclusion of dispersion correction schemes is important to accurately reproduce the experimental unit cell parameters. We also observe hydration behaviour for two of the sodium salts and provide insight into the structure of an as-yet uncharacterised structure of sodium naphthalenedicarboxylate. This highlights the importance of sample preparation and characterisation for organic sodium-ion battery anode materials in particular

META060 activates omega-3 fatty acid receptor GPR120, reduces weight gain, and increases insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet fed mice

Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological changes and therap

Androgen signaling pathways driving reproductive and metabolic phenotypes in a PCOS mouse model

As the mechanistic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains unknown, current management relies on symptomatic treatment. Hyperandrogenism is a major PCOS characteristic and evidence supports it playing a key role in PCOS pathogenesis. Classically, androgens can act directly through the androgen receptor (AR) or, indirectly, following aromatization, via the estrogen receptor (ER). We investigated the mechanism of androgenic actions driving PCOS by comparing the capacity of non-aromatizable dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and aromatizable testosterone to induce PCOS traits in WT and Ar-knockout (ARKO) mice. DHT and testosterone induced the reproductive PCOS-like features of acyclicity and anovulation in WT females. In ARKO mice, DHT did not cause reproductive dysfunction; however, testosterone treatment induced irregular cycles and ovulatory disruption. These findings indicate that direct AR actions and indirect, likely ER, actions of androgens are important mediators of PCOS reproductive traits. DHT, but not testosterone, induced an increase in body weight, body fat, serum cholesterol and adipocyte hypertrophy in WT mice, but neither androgen induced these metabolic features in ARKO mice. These data infer that direct AR-driven mechanisms are key in driving the development of PCOS metabolic traits. Overall, these findings demonstrate that differing PCOS traits can be mediated via different steroid signaling pathways and indicate that a phenotype-based treatment approach would ensure effective targeting of the underlying mechanisms.Madeleine J Cox, Melissa C Edwards, Valentina Rodriguez Paris, Ali Aflatounian, William L Ledger, Robert B Gilchrist ... et al

Relating Goal and Commitment Semantics

Abstract. Whereas commitments capture how an agent relates with another agent, (private) goals describe states of the world that an agent is motivated to bring about. Researchers have observed that goals and commitments are complementary, but have not yet developed a combined operational semantics for them. This paper makes steps towards such a semantics by relating the respective lifecycles of goals and commitments. We study how the the concepts cohere for one agent and how they en-gender cooperation between agents. We illustrate our approach via a real-world scenario in the domain of aerospace aftermarket services. We state how our semantics yields important desirable properties, including convergence of the configurations of cooperating agents, thereby delineat-ing some theoretically well-founded yet practical modes of cooperation in a multiagent system.