Rate-Privacy in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper introduces the concept of rate privacy in the context of wireless sensor networks. Our discussion reveals that the concept indeed is of a great importance for the privacy preservation of such networks. As a result, we propose a buffering scheme to protect the rate from adversaries. Simulation results verify the applicability of our approach

Association of chronic medical conditions with preterm labor

BACKGROUND: Prematurity is the most common cause of neonatal death and according to Millennium Development Goal (MDG), two-thirds of all under-five deaths should be reduced by 2015. Therefore, this study examined factors related to preterm birth in Sanandaj, Iran in 2012. METHODS: This case-control study has been conducted on 600 pregnant women; cases were 200 women with preterm labor and controls were 400 women with term labor, in Be’sat Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran, in 2012. Results were analyzed by Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and logistic regression tests. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, overt diabetes (P = 0.030), chronic hypertension (P < 0.001), preeclampsia and eclampsia (P < 0.001), had significant correlations with preterm labor. However, multivariate analysis results showed that factors like preeclampsia and eclampsia (P < 0.001) and chronic hypertension (P = 0.030) had significant correlation with the incidence of premature birth. In univariate and multivariate analysis, anemia (P = 0.340) had not any association with the preterm labor. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed some chronic maternal conditions such as chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which are important pre-existing medical disorder complicating pregnancy and control of blood pressure and blood sugar before pregnancy, and have an important effect in decreased of preterm labor and complications. But others such as mother’s anemia were not responsible for the prematurity

BRAND EFFECTS ON CONSUMER BEHAVIORS: AN EXAMINATION ON TOOTH PASTE SECTOR

Branding is an important factor in consumer buying behavior. Today, understanding of the significance of brand concept as a long term in terms of businesses, strengthening brand image and creating brand loyalty has become important. For this reason, first of all, it is necessary to know how brand concept is perceived by consumers and what kind of effects the brand has on consumer behaviors. That consumers can choose between many brands and evaluate alternatives goes through a series of decision-making processes. Consumer decision-making processes are influenced by personal, social and psychological factors. In addition to this, 100 students studying at Istanbul Aydın University participated in this research which investigated the effect of brand on consumer behavior in toothpaste sector. Survey findings were analyzed by factor and chi-square test. In the study H0 (Alternative): Hypothesis that the price of the product affects the buying behavior of a consumer about a toothpaste brand and “Hypothesis H1: brand affects the buying behavior of consumer” have been accepted. According to the survey results, it can be said that the recommendation is effective in purchasing decisions. It also turns out that the brand is a more effective factor in the consumer purchasing decisions than the price of the product

L-Sorbose Production by Gluconobacter oxydans using Submerged Fermentation in a Bench Scale Fermenter

 Background and objective: L-Sorbose, as a precursor of ascorbic acid, can be biologically produced using Gluconobacter oxydans. The aim of this study was to optimize production of L-Sorbose by controlling concentration of the substrates and starter cultures. Material and methods: In this study, effects of three various fermentation parameters on the concentration of L-sorbose were assessed using fermenter (28°C, 1.4 vvm) and response surface methodology. These parameters included quantities of D-sorbitol (120-180 g lDw-1) (Deionized water) and yeast extract (6-18 g lDw-1) and inoculum/substrate ratios (5-10%).Results and conclusion: Results showed that the fitted model with high values of R2 (0.9594) and R2-adjusted (0.9228) could effectively predict the concentration of L-sorbose within the highlighted ranges for the variables. Furthermore, results demonstrated that the maximum concentration of L-sorbose was achieved at 42.26 g lDW-1 using D-sorbitol, yeast extract and inoculum/substrate ratio values of 153.42 g lDW-1, 12.64 g lDW-1 and 9.88%, respectively. These results have revealed appropriately of response surface methodology for the prediction of L-sorbose product quantity and optimization of the variables in this aerobic fermentation process.Conflict of interest: The authors confirm that they have no conflict of interest

Effectiveness Treatment ERP on Obsessive – Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

This study is aimed to consider the effectiveness of exposure therapy and Exposure Response Prevention (ERP) on decrease of symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder is. The research method was quasi-experimental and its design was pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study was all patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (both male and female) referring to therapy centers of Maragheh city that a sample of 30 subjects was chosen by available sampling method and then they were replaced in experimental (therapy) group and control group randomly and answered to Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). The findings indicated that the experimental group's average score in obsessive-compulsive symptoms was 14/46 in pre-test and 7/67 in post-test. As well as, in control group, the mean score of obsessive - compulsive symptoms in pre-test was 14/66 and 11/93 in post-test. Thus, it could be concluded that the reduction of scores in post-test of experimental group was accompanied with the decrease of symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder in experimental group

Presenting a Mathematical Programming Model for Discovering Eulerian Paths (EP) in Certain Specific Graphs

In the modern era, graph theory is considered a useful tool for quantification and simplification of various dynamic components in complex systems. By representing elements as nodes and their connections as edges, graph theory can transform anything from urban planning to computer data into a meaningful mathematical language. Nowadays, numerous practical applications have been designed and developed based on graph theory. Graph theory is a branch of discrete mathematics that aims to describe and solve problems with discrete structures using points and edges. One of the problems concerning graphs is the Eulerian path problem. This research demonstrates that this problem can also be investigated from the perspective of Operations Research (OR). In a more general sense, the Eulerian path problem is a routing problem. This paper presents a pure mathematical model to describe the relationship between the variables of the Eulerian path problem. One of the features of the proposed mathematical model is its solvability by most optimization software. Finally, several numerical examples are provided to enhance the understanding of this model, and they are solved using the proposed approach. All the analyses in this research are conducted using one of the most advanced optimization software, MATLAB. The proposed mathematical model provides a systematic and efficient approach to discover Eulerian paths in specific graphs, contributing to the advancement of graph theory and its practical applications

Proposing a Pure Binary Linear Programming(PBLP) Model to Discover Eulerian Circuits in Complete Graphs

Known as a branch of Discrete Mathematics (DM), Graph Theory (GT) describes and solves problems of discrete nature through nodes (i.e., vertices) and arcs (i.e., edges). In this regard, a prominent problem is to find the Eulerian circuits. This paper indicates that the problem can be analyzed through operations research methods. In more general terms, finding the Eulerian circuits could be considered a pathfinding problem. Hence, this paper proposes a pure binary mathematical model to describe the relationship between the variables employed to find the Eulerian circuits. All the analyses in this paper were performed in MATLAB. The proposed model can be solved by many optimization software applications. Finally, several numerical examples are presented and solved through the proposed method. All the analyses in this paper were performed in MATLAB. This paper indicated that the problem(Eulerian Circuits in Complete Graphs) could be studied and solved from the perspective of operations research