Association between tumor-infiltrating limphocytes and sentinel lymph node positivity in thin melanoma

Abstract: Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in thin invasive primary cutaneous melanoma (up to 1mm thick) is a controversial subject. The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes could be a factor to be considered in the decision to perform this procedure. Objective: To evaluate the association between the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and lymph node metastases caused by thin primary cutaneous melanoma. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 137 records of thin invasive primary cutaneous melanoma submitted to sentinel lymph node biopsy from 2003 to 2015. The clinical variables considered were age, sex and topography of the lesion. The histopathological variables assessed were: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, melanoma subtype, Breslow thickness, Clark levels, number of mitoses per mm², ulceration, regression and satellitosis. Univariate analyzes and logistic regression tests were performed as well the odds ratio and statistical relevance was considered when p <0.05. Results: Among the 137 cases of thin primary cutaneous melanoma submitted to sentinel lymph node biopsy, 10 (7.3%) had metastatic involvement. Ulceration on histopathology was positively associated with the presence of metastatic lymph node, with odds ratio =12.8 (2.77-59.4 95% CI, p=0.001). The presence of moderate/marked tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was shown to be a protective factor for the presence of metastatic lymph node, with OR=0.20 (0.05-0.72 95% CI, p=0.014). The other variables - clinical and histopathological - were not associated with the outcome. Study limitations: The relatively small number of positive sentinel lymph node biopsy may explain such an expressive association of ulceration with metastatization. Conclusions: In patients with thin invasive primary cutaneous melanoma, few or absent tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, as well as ulceration, represent independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis

Boletín oficial de la provincia de Santander: Número 85 - 1852 Julio 19

O trabalho apresentado refere-se à elaboração de uma estratégia de produto e mercado capaz de reduzir a sazonalidade de demanda ao longo do ano enfrentada pela Cream, empresa de sorvetes localizada no bairro Navegantes, na cidade de Porto Alegre. Para que isso fosse possível, foi realizado um Plano de Marketing que teve como parte importante uma análise do comportamento das vendas através de um método de previsão de demanda. Foram analisados os ambientes externo e interno da empresa e, com isso, foram identificados os pontos fortes e fracos, e as oportunidades e ameaças ao negócio da Cream, o que possibilitou a elaboração de uma matriz SWOT. Com essas informações mencionadas e confrontadas com a bibliografia, foram definidos objetivos, além de desenvolvida uma estratégia, que contou com um plano de ações para solucionar o problema enfrentado pela empresa. Ao final, foram elaboradas projeções financeiras, que justificaram as estratégias planejadas.The present study refers to the elaboration of a product and market strategy capable of reduce the seasonal demand through the year faced by Cream, an Ice Cream Company located in Navegantes neighbourhood at the city of Porto Alegre. To make this possible a Marketing Plan was made, this plan had an important part: a demand forecast analysis to verify the sales behaviour. The internal and external environment were analyzed, possibiliting the identification of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats, resulting the elaboration of a SWOT matrix. With all this information, together with relevant literature, objectives and a strategy were developed with actions to solve the problem faced by the company. At the end, financial projections were elaborated, which justified the planned strategy

Association between tumor-infiltrating limphocytes and sentinel lymph node positivity in thin melanoma

Abstract: Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in thin invasive primary cutaneous melanoma (up to 1mm thick) is a controversial subject. The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes could be a factor to be considered in the decision to perform this procedure. Objective: To evaluate the association between the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and lymph node metastases caused by thin primary cutaneous melanoma. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 137 records of thin invasive primary cutaneous melanoma submitted to sentinel lymph node biopsy from 2003 to 2015. The clinical variables considered were age, sex and topography of the lesion. The histopathological variables assessed were: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, melanoma subtype, Breslow thickness, Clark levels, number of mitoses per mm², ulceration, regression and satellitosis. Univariate analyzes and logistic regression tests were performed as well the odds ratio and statistical relevance was considered when p <0.05. Results: Among the 137 cases of thin primary cutaneous melanoma submitted to sentinel lymph node biopsy, 10 (7.3%) had metastatic involvement. Ulceration on histopathology was positively associated with the presence of metastatic lymph node, with odds ratio =12.8 (2.77-59.4 95% CI, p=0.001). The presence of moderate/marked tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was shown to be a protective factor for the presence of metastatic lymph node, with OR=0.20 (0.05-0.72 95% CI, p=0.014). The other variables - clinical and histopathological - were not associated with the outcome. Study limitations: The relatively small number of positive sentinel lymph node biopsy may explain such an expressive association of ulceration with metastatization. Conclusions: In patients with thin invasive primary cutaneous melanoma, few or absent tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, as well as ulceration, represent independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis

Evaluation of emotional and behavioral symptoms in children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis

Introdução: A dermatite atópica (DA) é uma doença inflamatória crônica da pele que apresenta um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, em conseqüência de episódios recorrentes durante a vida. Considerando estudos recentes que descrevem a associação entre aspectos psicológicos e DA, acredita-se que a investigação da existência de um possível perfil comportamental destas crianças possa auxiliar o desenvolvimento de intervenções psicoterápicas específicas, assim como aumentar o conhecimento sobre a doença. Método: Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma avaliação do perfil sociocomportamental de crianças portadoras de DA, comparando-as com crianças sem a doença. Neste estudo, do tipo caso-controle, foram incluídos dois grupos com idades entre 4 e 18 anos: o grupoestudo, com pacientes portadores de DA que consultam no ambulatório do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), e o grupo-controle, composto por crianças e adolescentes sem doença dermatológica, matriculados em escola da rede pública de Porto Alegre. O tamanho estimado da amostra foi de 25 indivíduos em cada grupo. A coleta dos dados realizou-se através do Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), validado no Brasil com o nome de Inventário de Comportamento da Infância e Adolescência. Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas duas dimensões globais (internalização e externalização), sendo que as crianças portadoras de DA mostraram mais sintomas relacionados com ansiedade, depressão, alterações de pensamento e comportamento agressivo quando comparadas com crianças sem a doença. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de abordagens interdisciplinares no tratamento da criança com DA, valorizando não só as lesões dermatológicas, como também os aspectos emocionais dos indivíduos.Introducción: La dermatitis atópica (DA) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de la piel que presenta un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, en consecuencia de episodios recurrentes durante la vida. Considerando estudios recientes que describen la asociación entre aspectos psicológicos y la dermatitis atópica, se cree que la investigación de la existencia de un posible perfil comportamental de estos niños puede auxiliar el desarrollo de intervenciones psicoterápicas específicas, así como aumentar el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad. Método: Este trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar una evaluación del perfil socio-comportamental de niños portadores de DA y comparar con el perfil de niños sin la enfermedad. El estudio fue epidemiológico de tipo casocontrol. Fueron incluidos dos grupos, siendo un grupo estudio, con pacientes de edad entre 4-18 años, portadores de dermatitis atópica, que consultan en el ambulatorio del Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre- HCPA, y un grupo control, con niños y adolescentes matriculados en escuela de la red pública de Porto Alegre, sin enfermedad dermatológica. El tamaño estimado de la muestra fue de 25 individuos en cada grupo. La colecta de los datos se realizó a través del CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist), validado en Brasil con el nombre de Inventario de Comportamiento de la Infancia y Adolescencia. Este trabajo fue aprobado por el comité de ética en investigación del Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Resultados: Como resultados fueron encontradas diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las dos dimensiones globales (Internalización y Externalización) siendo que los niños portadores de dermatitis atópica del grupo estudiado mostraron síntomas relacionados a ansiedad, depresión, alteraciones de pensamiento y comportamiento agresivo cuando comparadas con niños sin la enfermedad. Conclusión: Este resultado enfatiza la necesidad de abordajes interdisciplinarios en el tratamiento del niño con DA, valorando no sólo el aspecto dermatológico, sino también el individuo que está en sufrimiento.Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that has a significant impact on the patients’ quality of life due to recurrent episodes during their lives. Considering recent studies describing the association between psychological aspects and atopic dermatitis, it can be suggested that the search of a possible behavioral profile of children presenting AD may be of help in the development of specific psychotherapeutic interventions as well as it will increase knowledge on the disease. Methodology: This research aims at evaluating the social behavior profile of children with AD compared with others without the disease. In this case-control study, two groups aged 4 to 18 years old have been included; the study-group includes patients with atopic dermatitis who have been assisted at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and the control-group is composed of children and adolescents without AD enrolled at public schools in Porto Alegre. The estimated sample size was 25 individuals in each group. Data collection was accomplished with the Child Behavior Cheklist (CBCL), which was validated in Brazil as Inventário de Comportamento da Infância e Adolescência. Results: Significant statistic differences were demonstrated in both global dimensions (internalizing and externalizing). Children with AD presented more symptoms related to anxiety, depression, thought alterations and aggressive behavior as compared to children without the disease. Conclusion: The results emphasize the need of interdisciplinary approaches in treating children with AD, comprising not only the dermatological but also the emotional aspects of the disease

An analysis of clustering of betapapillomavirus antibodies

Betapapillomaviruses (\u3b2PVs) may contribute to the aetiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. However, no high-risk types have yet been identified, possibly because the high frequency of co-infection prevents a straightforward analysis of the independent effects of individual viruses. This study aimed to determine whether specific virus types were more likely to co-occur than others, thereby reducing the number of parameters needed in statistical models. Antibody data were analysed from controls who participated in case-control studies in The Netherlands, Italy and Australia and from participants in the German Nutrition Survey. Cluster analysis and two ordination techniques were used to identify patterns. Evidence of clustering was found only according to the number of viruses to which antibodies were detected. The lack of clustering of specific viral types identified suggests that if there are \u3b2PV types that are independently related to skin carcinogenesis, they are unlikely to be identified using standard epidemiological method

Antibody responses to 26 skin human papillomavirus types in the Netherlands, Italy and Australia

Solar UV radiation is the main risk factor for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), but infections with skin human papillomavirus (HPV) types have also been linked to the development of SCC. Little is known about the natural history of these infections and whether the seroprevalence of skin HPV types is affected by ambient or individual levels of sun exposure. This study investigated this by analysing sera for antibodies to 26 skin HPV types from five phylogenetic genera obtained from 807 healthy individuals from the Netherlands, Italy and Australia, countries with strong differences in sunlight intensity. Overall HPV seroprevalence was similar across the three countries (50–57 % for β-HPV types, 40–48 % for γ-HPV types), and the most frequent β-HPV and γ-HPV types were the same in all countries. The highest seroprevalences for 24 of the 26 skin HPV types were observed in Italy (14 types) and Australia (ten types). Seroprevalence among men was generally higher than among women, and the male sex was significantly associated with both β-HPV [odds ratio (OR) 2.81, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.64–4.82] and γ-HPV (OR 2.42, 95 % CI 1.40–4.18) antibodies in Australia. The only measure of sun sensitivity or UV exposure significantly associated with skin HPV seroprevalence was found for weekend sun exposure in Australia and β-HPV antibodies. It was concluded that type spectra and HPV seroprevalence are similar in countries with different sunlight intensity, and that levels of UV exposure do not play a strong role in the development of skin HPV antibodies in this study population