Tiempo

El tiempo en las situaciones de trabajo es semejante a una especie de ecología temporal, como un conjunto de tiempos embutidos y entrecruzados (Grossin, 1996). Tal vez, por eso sea más apropiado no hablar del tiempo, como ha sido una tradición filosófica, sino de los tiempos, de las temporalidades heterogéneas. Existe una convivencia simultánea entre el tiempo único, linear, secuencial, homogéneo, el tiempo espacializado, medido por la sucesión de instantes materializados en el reloj ; y el t..

Tempo

O tempo nas situações de trabalho assemelha-se a uma espécie de ecologia temporal, num conjunto de tempos embutidos e entrecruzados (Grossin, 1996). Por isso talvez seja mais apropriado não falar do tempo, como é tradição na filosofia, e sim dos tempos, de temporalidades heterogêneas. Há um convívio simultâneo entre um tempo único, linear, seqüencial, homogêneo, tempo espacializado medido pela sucessão de instantes materializados no relógio e um outro que estabelece laços e ligações, que perc..

ORQUESTRA SINFÔNICA: A DOR E A DELÍCIA DE TOCAR

O artigo traz resultados que identificam aspectos ergonômicos relacionados ao trabalho dos músicos de uma orquestra sinfônica. O método principal foi a aplicação de um questionário construído com base no INSAT (Inquérito Saúde e Trabalho), seguido da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 14 músicos dos naipes. Os resultados apontam elementos dos aspectos físicos, ambientais, relacionais e organizacionais, destacando os riscos ergonômicos. Identificaram-se fatores psicológicos que podem aumentar a carga psíquica do trabalho. Apresentam-se encaminhamentos, vindos dos próprios músicos, para transformar essa situação de trabalho

Exercício analítico sobre o método: aspectos linguageiros na atividade dialógica com trabalhadores de exploração e produção no setor petrolífero

Este artigo originou-se de um posicionamento crítico sobre o modo como exercemos o ofício de pesquisadores. Intrigou-nos o que fazemos nas e com as interações de linguagem. É com esse olhar que se discute a atividade de diálogo realizada entre pesquisadores e um trabalhador (engenheiro de petróleo), que faz parte das atividades de pesquisa realizadas no projeto “Trabalho, saúde e segurança na indústria petrolífera offshore da Bacia de Campos-RJ”. Entende-se que a necessidade de enfrentar o problema com a linguagem é anterior ao uso de métodos que envolvam atividades de diálogo, ou seja, a teorização com a linguagem começa na concepção e preparação dos métodos. A análise realizada ressalta o desenvolvimento de um gênero de discurso de novo tipo, surgido na historicidade de outros - conversa espontânea e entrevista - no interior da comunidade dialógica formada, a fim de dar suporte à promoção da saúde e segurança no trabalho do setor petrolífero.El origen de este artículo es una postura crítica acerca de la forma de ejercer el oficio de investigadores en lo que concierne a lo que hacemos en y con las interacciones del lenguaje. Desde esta perspectiva, se discute la actividad de diálogo mantenido entre los investigadores y un trabajador (ingeniero de petróleo), que forma parte de las actividades de investigación llevadas a cabo en el proyecto "Trabajo, salud y seguridad en la industria petrolera en alta mar en la Cuenca de Campos, en Rio de Janeiro". Se entiende que la necesidad de abordar el problema con el lenguaje es anterior a la utilización de métodos que implican actividades de diálogo. La teorización con el lenguaje comienza en la concepción y preparación de los métodos. La claridad sobre lo que está en juego en el diseño de estos dispositivos abre horizontes sobre como tratar los enunciados a posteriori. El análisis realizado destaca el desarrollo de un nuevo de tipo de discurso, que surgió en la historicidad de los demás – la conversación espontánea y la entrevista – en el interior de la comunidad dialógica formada con el fin de apoyar la promoción de la salud y seguridad en el trabajo petrolero.Cet article procède d’une attitude critique sur la manière dont nous exerçons notre rôle de chercheur et interroge en particulier ce qui se joue dans et avec les interactions verbales. C’est dans cette perspective que nous discutons des dialogues produits dans l’interaction entre les chercheurs et un travailleur (ingénieur pétrolier), au cours d’activités de recherche menées dans le cadre du projet "Le travail, la santé et la sécurité dans l’industrie pétrolière offshore du bassin de Campos-RJ ". Nous soutenons que la nécessité de s’attaquer au problème de la langue est un préalable à l’utilisation de méthodes comportant des interactions dialogales, c’est-à-dire que la prise de position concernant le langage doit se manifester dès la conception et la préparation des méthodes de recherche. L’analyse met l’accent sur le développement d’un genre de discours de type nouveau, apparu sur l’historicité de deux autres - la conversation spontanée et l’entretien - à l’intérieur de la communauté dialogique formée pour soutenir la promotion de la santé et la sécurité au travail du secteur pétrolier.This paper originated from a critical view about the way we practice our craft as researchers. What intrigued us the most was what we do in and with the language interactions. It is with this perspective that the activity of dialogue carried out between researchers and a worker – in this case an oil engineer – is discussed. This is one of the activities undertaken in our research in the project Work, health and safety in the offshore oil industry in the Bay of Campos, Brazil. It is understood that the need to deal with the language issue is prior to the development of methods that involve dialogue activities. In other words, the theorisation with language begins in the conception and preparation of the methods. The analyses that were done highlight the development of a discourse genre of a new type, which appeared in the historicity of others – spontaneous conversation and interview – within the dialogic community formed, so to give support to the promotion of health and safety in the work place in the oil industry.

Fluoroquinolone Efficacy against Tuberculosis Is Driven by Penetration into Lesions and Activity against Resident Bacterial Populations.

Fluoroquinolones represent the pillar of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment, with moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, or gatifloxacin being prescribed to MDR-TB patients. Recently, several clinical trials of "universal" drug regimens, aiming to treat drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB, have included a fluoroquinolone. In the absence of clinical data comparing their side-by-side efficacies in controlled MDR-TB trials, a pharmacological rationale is needed to guide the selection of the most efficacious fluoroquinolone. The present studies were designed to test the hypothesis that fluoroquinolone concentrations (pharmacokinetics) and activity (pharmacodynamics) at the site of infection are better predictors of efficacy than the plasma concentrations and potency measured in standard growth inhibition assays and are better suited to determinations of whether one of the fluoroquinolones outperforms the others in rabbits with active TB. We first measured the penetration of these fluoroquinolones in lung lesion compartments, and their potency against bacterial populations that reside in each compartment, to compute lesion-centric pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters. PK modeling methods were used to quantify drug penetration from plasma to tissues at human-equivalent doses. On the basis of these metrics, moxifloxacin emerged with a clear advantage, whereas plasma-based PK/PD favored levofloxacin (the ranges of the plasma AUC/MIC ratio [i.e., the area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h in the steady state divided by the MIC] are 46 to 86 for moxifloxacin and 74 to 258 for levofloxacin). A comparative efficacy trial in the rabbit model of active TB demonstrated the superiority of moxifloxacin in reducing bacterial burden at the lesion level and in sterilizing cellular and necrotic lesions. Collectively, these results show that PK/PD data obtained at the site of infection represent an adequate predictor of drug efficacy against TB and constitute the baseline required to explore synergies, antagonism, and drug-drug interactions in fluoroquinolone-containing regimens

Contribución al conocimiento de las briofitas (Bryophyta) en el valle de inundación del río Paraná en su tramo medio (Santa Fe, Argentina)

Introducción y objetivos: Las briofitas conforman el segundo grupo de plantas terrestres más diverso, colonizando una gran variedad de ecosistemas y cumpliendo múltiples funciones en el mismo. En este trabajo se da a conocer una lista de briófitas identificadas en la localidad de Arroyo Leyes (Santa Fe, Argentina), con el objetivo de incrementar la información acerca de las especies presentes en la provincia. M&M: La selección del área de estudio se debió a que es parte de una zona en proceso de transformación acelerada, esto implica una pérdida o alteración de hábitats naturales que generan a su vez la desaparición de especies, por lo cual es prioritaria la realización de tareas de conservación. Los especímenes se colectaron durante los meses de septiembre-noviembre de 2019-2021. El análisis de las muestras se llevó a cabo siguiendo las técnicas convencionales para las briófitas y se realizó su identificación mediante el uso de claves. Los especímenes fueron depositados en el herbario del Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales Florentino Ameghino (MFA). Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 21 especies pertenecientes a 18 géneros y 13 familias. Amblystegium varium, Didymodon australasiae, Dimerodontium pellucidum, Forsstroemia coronata y Philonotis uncinata representan nuevos registros para la provincia de Santa Fe. Conclusiones: Se logra, mediante este estudio, la incorporación de cinco nuevas especies a la flora briofítica de Santa Fe, ampliando el conocimiento a nivel provincial

Moderate-vigorous physical activity and health-related quality of life among Hispanic/Latino adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

BackgroundPhysical activity is a modifiable healthy behavior that has been shown to positively influence health-related quality of life. However, research examining the link between physical activity and health-related quality of life among Hispanic/Latino adults is limited and inconsistent. The purpose of this study is to assess whether accelerometer-measured moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with self-reported (a) mental health-related quality of life, and (b) physical health-related quality of life among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults in the US.MethodsCross-sectional data from 12,379 adults ages 18-74 years in 2008-2011, who participated in HCHS/SOL and had complete data were analyzed using complex survey design methods. Accelerometer data were categorized into no MVPA, low, moderate, and high MVPA. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the Short-Form 12 and we used the mental and physical component subscales where higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life. Multivariate linear regression models were used to derive adjusted means with 95% confidence intervals and linear trends.ResultsWe observed no significant linear trend between accelerometer-measured MVPA and mental health-related quality of life (ptrend = 0.73). There was a significant positive association between MVPA and physical health-related quality of life (ptrend < 0.001) where higher MVPA corresponded with higher scores in physical health-related quality of life. The adjusted means were 46.67 (44.85-48.48) for no MVPA, 49.33 (49.03-49.63) for low MVPA, 50.61 (50.09-51.13) for moderate MVPA, and 51.36 (50.86-51.86) for high MVPA.ConclusionsAmong diverse Hispanic/Latino adults in the US, accelerometer-measured MVPA was associated with physical health-related quality of life, but not mental health-related quality of life. Future interventions should evaluate if increases in MVPA lead to improvements in health-related quality of life

Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3-PUFA-Rich Fish Oil Reduces Signs of Food Allergy in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Mice

We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA (fish oil source) in an experimental model of food allergy. Mice were sensitized (allergic group) or not (nonallergic group) with OVA and were fed with OVA diet to induce allergy signals. Mice were fed with regular diet in which 7% of lipid content was provided by soybean (5% of n-3 PUFA) or fish (25% of n-3 PUFA) oil. Allergic group mice had increased serum levels of antiovalbumin IgE and IgG1 and changes in small intestine, characterized by an increased edema, number of rolling leukocytes in microcirculation, eosinophil infiltration, mucus production, and Paneth cell degranulation, in comparison to non-allergic group. All these inflammatory parameters were reduced in mice fed high-n-3-PUFA diet. Our data together suggest that diet supplementation with n-3 PUFA from fish oil may consist of a valid adjuvant in food allergy treatment

Worker-Recovered Companies in Brazil: self-management process assessment by applying multi-criteria decision support tools

Company recovery is a practice developed by workers who, in the imminence of becoming unemployed, negotiate or fight for access to the means of production of bankrupting companies, and start to manage them collectively, guided by the principles of self-management.  Nevertheless, how to assess self-management in worker-recovered companies (WRCs)? The criteria selected by a bibliographic review on the concept of self-management were used in dealing with the data collected by the Brazilian WRCs national mapping. A multi-criteria decision support tool was used to build a model for analyzing and classifying the companies in three categories related to their form of management. The multi-criteria approach allowed to create an assessment of self-management practices in the WRCs studied