Plasma progesterone concentrations in Toggenburg goats submitted to estrous synchronization reusing autoclaved intravaginal progesterone devices.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma P4 concentration in Toggenburg goats receiving autoclaved progesterone devices for estrous synchronization. Progesterone analysis allows us to infer that the autoclaving process does not influence progesterone availability and so this technique can be a simple and valuable tool to reduce sanitary risks of disease transmission without alterating fertility in goats. [Concentrações de progesterona plasmática em cabras da raça Toggenburg submetidas à sincronização de estro reutilizando dispositivos intravaginais de progesterona autoclavados]

Severe Obesity Shifts Metabolic Thresholds but Does Not Attenuate Aerobic Training Adaptations in Zucker Rats

Severe obesity affects metabolism with potential to influence the lactate and glycemic response to different exercise intensities in untrained and trained rats. Here we evaluated metabolic thresholds and maximal aerobic capacity in rats with severe obesity and lean counterparts at pre- and post-training. Zucker rats (obese: n = 10, lean: n = 10) were submitted to constant treadmill bouts, to determine the maximal lactate steady state, and an incremental treadmill test, to determine the lactate threshold, glycemic threshold and maximal velocity at pre and post 8 weeks of treadmill training. Velocities of the lactate threshold and glycemic threshold agreed with the maximal lactate steady state velocity on most comparisons. The maximal lactate steady state velocity occurred at higher percentage of the maximal velocity in Zucker rats at pre-training than the percentage commonly reported and used for training prescription for other rat strains (i.e., 60%) (obese = 78 +/- 9% and lean = 68 +/- 5%, P 0.05), whereas increase in maximal velocity was greater in the obese group (P < 0.05 vs. lean). In conclusion, lactate threshold, glycemic threshold and maximal lactate steady state occurred at similar exercise intensity in Zucker rats at pre- and post-training. Severe obesity shifted metabolic thresholds to higher exercise intensity at pre-training, but did not attenuate submaximal and maximal aerobic training adaptations.Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Grad Program Translat Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Catolica Brasilia, Grad Program Phys Educ & Hlth, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Nephrol, Sao Paulo, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Human Performance Lab, Rio Claro, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Grad Program Translat Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Nephrol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

COMPORTAMENTO TÉRMICO-REOLÓGICO DE XAROPES COMPOSTOS POR MEL E EXTRATOS NATURAIS

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento térmico/reológico de três diferentes composições fitoterápicas à base de mel e extratos naturais (denominadas amostras I, II e III), comercializadas na região de Governador Valadares – MG. Os espectros de infravermelho dos xaropes apresentaram grandes similaridades entre se a amostras puras de mel, sugerindo qualitativamente composição química semelhante. Do ponto de vista físico-químico, as amostras I e II apresentaram comportamentos bem similares, com valores aproximados de massa seca, pH, brix, índice de refração e tendência de ionização. As amostras I e II apresentaram comportamento quase newtoniano para um ciclo ascendente-descendente de cisalhamento. A amostra III, de maior massa seca, foi a que apresentou maiores valores de viscosidade aparente além de pseudoplásticidade e histerese reológica, os quais foram atribuídos à presença de estrutura tridimensional do líquido. Quando diluídas em água, apesar da brusca queda da viscosidade, as três amostras assumiram comportamento dilatante, devido à espontânea formação de nanoestruturas iônicas deformáveis, cujo tamanho se reduz com o aumento de temperatura

Evaluation of in vitro Antifungal Activity of Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) Leaves Against Cryptococcus spp.

Cryptococcus species are responsible for important systemic mycosis and are estimated to cause millions of new cases annually. The available therapy is limited due to the high toxicity and the increasing rates of yeast resistance to antifungal drugs. Popularly known as “sucará,” Xylosma prockia (Turcz.) Turcz. (Salicaceae) is a native plant from Brazil with little information on its pharmacological potential. In this work, we evaluated in vitro anticryptococcal effects of the leaf ethanolic extract of X. prockia and its fractions against Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans. We also evaluated phenotypic alterations caused by ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (chosen according to its biological results). The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of EAF demonstrated the presence of phenolic metabolites that belong to three structurally related groups as majority compounds: caffeoylquinic acid, coumaroyl-glucoside, and caffeoyl-glucoside/deoxyhexosyl-caffeoyl glucoside derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against C. gattii and C. neoformans ranged from 8 to 64 mg/L and from 0.5 to 8 mg/L, for ethanolic extract and EAF, respectively. The EAF triggered an oxidative burst and promoted lipid peroxidation. EAF also induced a reduction of ergosterol content in the pathogen cell membrane. These effects were not associated with alterations in the cell surface charge or in the thermodynamic fingerprint of the molecular interaction between EAF and the yeasts evaluated. Cytotoxic experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that EAF was more selective for yeasts than was PBMCs. The results may provide evidence that X. prockia leaf extract might indeed be a potential source of antifungal agents.Fil: Folly, Mariany L. C.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Ferreira, Gabriella F.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Salvador, Maiara R.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Sathler, Ana A.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: da Silva, Guilherme F.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Santos, Joice Castelo Branco. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: Santos, Julliana R. A. dos. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: Nunes Neto, Wallace Ribeiro. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: Rodrigues, João Francisco Silva. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: Fernandes, Elizabeth Soares. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: da Silva, Luís Cláudio Nascimento. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: de Freitas, Gustavo José Cota. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Denadai, Ângelo M.. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; BrasilFil: Rodrigues, Ivanildes V.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Mendonça, Leonardo M.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Monteiro, Andrea Souza. Ceuma University; BrasilFil: Santos, Daniel Assis. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Cabrera, Gabriela Myriam. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos en Química Orgánica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos en Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: Siless, Gastón Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos en Química Orgánica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos en Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: Lang, Karen L.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; Brasi