124 research outputs found
Control channels for the cooperation of cognitive management systems in opportunistic and composite wireless networks
Opportunistic Networks (ONs) are assumed to be temporary, localized extensions of the
infrastructure network that are created under certain circumstances. According to that vision, ONs
are coordinated by the radio access network (RAN) operator which governs the overal system
behaviour (e.g. ON related policies), provides the neccessary resources (e.g. dedicated specturm
bands) and supports users in decision making (e.g. additional knowledge and context information). ONs comprise both nodes of the infrastructure and infrastructure-less devices. For the management and control of operator-governed ONs the introduction of Cognitive Management Systems (CMSs), localized on the terminal and infrastructure side, is proposed. The cooperation of
CMS entities will require existence of well-defined control channels. In order to enable the necessary signalling between the CMS entities, Control Channels for the Cooperation of the Cognitive Management Systems (C4 MS) are proposed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Cognitive control channels for the cooperation of opportunistic and composite wireless networks
Opportunistic networks (ONs) are considered as coordinated extensions of a radio access network infrastructure, which are dynamically and temporarily created in an infrastructure-less manner in order to increase service reachability, improve resource utilization efficiency and facilitate localised service provisioning. The realization of the ON concept relies on the existence of control channels which will provide necessary signalling for the coordination of the ON
nodes. Proposed control channels are conceived as an evolution of the already established cognitive pilot channel
concept. As a result, new interfaces are discussed in order to convey information from the infrastructure to the terminals
and vice versa or between terminals. Finally, the business benefits of the aforementioned approach are provided in
order to strengthen the notion of the proposed control channels and consider future expansions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Cognitive pilot channel: A radio enabler for spectrum awareness and optimized radio resource management
Today’s wireless communications landscape is characterized by the coexistence of a plethora of disparate radio access technologies (RATs), which exhibit varying features in terms of capacity and coverage capabilities, mobility support etc. and also offer a great number of applications and services to different types of devices. In such a miscellaneous environment, mobile terminals are provided with a great set of options while setting up the parameters of their operation including among others the RAT, carrier frequency, and must also take into account the latest trend towards a flexible spectrum framework in heterogeneous radio access networks (RANs). As a result, in order to implement the optimal action, a mobile terminal needs to be enabled to acquire knowledge of its environment and established policies. Apart from mobilizing a rather time- and power-consuming operation such as spectrum sensing, the Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC) concept has been proposed as a solution for providing the terminal with the necessary radio awareness at a given time and place, in a possible flexible spectrum management context. Framed within the above, this paper, developed within the E3 project, aims at describing the CPC concept by showcasing its twofold role. First, as an enabler of the switch-on process for assisting the mobile terminal to camp onto the network side and second, as an enabler of an efficient decentralized and network-assisted radio resource management during the on-going communication phase.Postprint (published version
Quality-of-Trust in 6G: combining emotional and physical trust through explainable AI
Wireless networks like many multi-user services have to balance limited resources in real-time. In 6G, increased network automation makes consumer trust crucial. Trust is reflect in both a personal emotional sentiment as well as a physical understanding of the transparency of AI decision making. Whilst there has been isolated studies of consumer sentiment to wireless services, this is not well linked to the decision making engineering. Likewise, limited recent research in explainable AI (XAI) has not established a link to consumer perception.Here, we develop a Quality-of-Trust (QoT) KPI that balances personal perception with the quality of decision explanation. That is to say, the QoT varies with both the time-varying sentiment of the consumer as well as the accuracy of XAI outcomes. We demonstrate this idea with an example in Neural Water-Filling (N-WF) power allocation, where the channel capacity is perceived by artificial consumers that communicate through Large Language Model (LLM) generated text feedback. Natural Language Processing (NLP) analysis of emotional feedback is combined with a physical understanding of N-WF decisions via meta-symbolic XAI. Combined they form the basis for QoT. Our results show that whilst the XAI interface can explain up to 98.9% of the neural network decisions, a small proportion of explanations can have large errors causing drops in QoT. These drops have immediate transient effects in the physical mistrust, but emotional perception of consumers are more persistent. As such, QoT tends to combine both instant physical mistrust and long-term emotional trends.We acknowledge funding from EC H2020 (778305), and EPSRC (EP/X040518/1
Digital Twins for Industry 4.0 in the 6G Era
Having the Fifth Generation (5G) mobile communication system recently rolled
out in many countries, the wireless community is now setting its eyes on the
next era of Sixth Generation (6G). Inheriting from 5G its focus on industrial
use cases, 6G is envisaged to become the infrastructural backbone of future
intelligent industry. Especially, a combination of 6G and the emerging
technologies of Digital Twins (DT) will give impetus to the next evolution of
Industry 4.0 (I4.0) systems. This article provides a survey in the research
area of 6G-empowered industrial DT system. With a novel vision of 6G industrial
DT ecosystem, this survey discusses the ambitions and potential applications of
industrial DT in the 6G era, identifying the emerging challenges as well as the
key enabling technologies. The introduced ecosystem is supposed to bridge the
gaps between humans, machines, and the data infrastructure, and therewith
enable numerous novel application scenarios.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technolog
ETSI RRS - The Standardization Path to Next Generation Cognitive Radio Systems
This paper details the current work status of the ETSI Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS) Technical Committee (TC) and gives an outlook on the future evolution. While previous publications have presented an overview of ETSI RRS' main working axes related to i) Cognitive Radio System Aspects, ii) Radio Equipment Architecture (including a Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC) proposal and a Functional Architecture (FA) for Management and Control of Reconfigurable Radio Systems), iii) Cognitive Management and Control and iv) Public Safety, this document focuses on latest progress related to UHF White Spaces work and the definition of an SDR Handset Architecture. In particular, it is outlined how Cognitive Radio principles can help to adapt existing and/or evolving Radio Standards, such as 3GPP Long Term Evolution, to a possible operation in UHF White Space bands
A unifying operating platform for 5G end-to-end and multi-layer orchestration
Heterogeneity of current software solutions for 5G is heading for complex and costly situations, with high fragmentation, which in turn creates uncertainty and the risk of delaying 5G innovations. This context motivated the definition of a novel Operating Platform for 5G (5G-OP), a unifying reference functional framework supporting end-to-end and multi-layer orchestration. 5G-OP aims at integrated management, control and orchestration of computing, storage, memory, networking core and edge resources up to the end-user devices and terminals (e.g., robots and smart vehicles). 5G-OP is an overarching architecture, with agnostic interfaces and well-defined abstractions, offering the seamless integration of current and future infrastructure control and orchestration solutions (e.g., OpenDaylight, ONOS, OpenStack, Apache Mesos, OpenSource MANO, Docker, LXC, etc.) The paper provides also the description of a prototype that can be seen as a simplified version of a 5G-OP, whose feasibility has been demonstrated in Focus Group IMT2020 of ITU-T
Towards Massive Connectivity Support for Scalable mMTC Communications in 5G networks
The fifth generation of cellular communication systems is foreseen to enable
a multitude of new applications and use cases with very different requirements.
A new 5G multiservice air interface needs to enhance broadband performance as
well as provide new levels of reliability, latency and supported number of
users. In this paper we focus on the massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC)
service within a multi-service air interface. Specifically, we present an
overview of different physical and medium access techniques to address the
problem of a massive number of access attempts in mMTC and discuss the protocol
performance of these solutions in a common evaluation framework
Shahid Mumtaz (Editor), “D4.2 RM framework and modelling,” Speed-5G Project, Deliverable D4.2.
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