497 research outputs found
Утвердження національної ідентичності в словотвірній морфонології девербативів
У статті розглянуто проблемні питання дериваційних відношень, напрямів морфонологічних трансформацій, складні процеси, пов’язані з використанням варіантних формантів та з утвердженням національної ідентичності в словотвірній морфонології девербативів і відповідність їх словотвірним нормам української літературної мови, окреслено концептуальні засади морфонологічного аналізу девербативів, проаналізовано ефективні й специфічні методи й прийоми дослідження віддієслівних іменників у словотвірно-морфонологічному аспекті та визначено найбільш дієві методики аналізу морфонологічних явищ
Typology of Ukrainian Verb Stems: Word-Forming and Morphonological Aspects
The description of word-forming morphology of deverbatives of the modern Ukrainian language in view of its functional character, dynamic processes in the language, shifts that have taken place in its corpus in recent times, provides good grounds for determining new classification principles of morphological analysis of deverbatives. The article identifies morphonological types of basic verbs of word-forming units in the Ukrainian language. The word-forming units play a dominant role in the systematization of Ukrainian word-formation, as it clearly traces the patterns of the internal mechanism, which is characterized by hierarchical connections between other complex units of the word-formation system (word-forming pairs, chains, series and word-forming paradigms). Reconstruction of the basic verbs of word-forming units makes it possible to correctly determine the direction of word-forming motivation, morphonological type and to establish a morphonological model. Their properties are clarified by the nature of the basic verb stem, morphonological transformations into morphonologically marked derivatives at different degrees of derivation. The spectrum of morphonological types of basic verbs of word-forming units in the Ukrainian language covers word-forming units of morphonological types of indivisible and divisible basic verbs of word-forming units. With indivisible basic verbs there are 5 morphological classes, with divisible basic verbs – 7
Tutor-mediated Support in Blended Learnin
Higher education in Russia is actively encouraged to use blended learning as a response to main trends of modern education oriented to a competency-based approach, paradigm shift to students’ self-study training, transfer from the principle of “one education for a lifetime” to “lifelong learning throughout a lifetime”, freedom of university choice, academic mobility, education computerization and usage of new information. The efficacy of blended learning however doesn’t consist in simple integration of online component with traditional face-to-face classes. Tutor-mediated support is a key element of any blended course and it is able to provide the more effective use of technology. The article presents the idea of online tutoring that supports and enhances blended learning. We focus mainly on stresses and special duties placed on the tutor to cater effectively for all the needs of course participants
Engineering applications of metaheuristics: an introduction
Metaheuristic algorithms are important tools that in recent years have been used extensively in several fields. In engineering, there is a big amount of problems that can be solved from an optimization point of view. This paper is an introduction of how metaheuristics can be used to solve complex problems of engineering. Their use produces accurate results in problems that are computationally expensive. Experimental results support the performance obtained by the selected algorithms in such specific problems as digital filter design, image processing and solar cells design
Simulation of the communication system between an AUV group and a surface station
An object model for simulation of the communications system of an autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) group with a surface station is proposed in the paper. Implementation of the model is made on the basis of the software package "Object Distribution Simulation". All structural relationships and behavior details are described. The application was developed on the basis of the proposed model and is now used for computational experiments on the simulation of the communications system between the autonomous underwater vehicles group and a surface station
Influencing the coordination mode of tbta (tbta = tris[(1-benzyl- 1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amine) in dicobalt complexes through changes in metal oxidation states
The complexes [(tbta)Co(μ-CA-2H)Co(tbta)(CH3CN)](BF4)21 and
[(tbta)Co(μ-OH)2Co(tbta)](BF4)42 (tbta = tris[(1-benzyl-
1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amine and CA = chloranilic acid) were synthesized
and characterized by X-ray crystallography, SQUID magnetometry and NMR
spectroscopy. The reactions to form these complexes deliver 1 as a
paramagnetic species containing two high spin Co(II) centers, and 2 as a
diamagnetic compound with two low spin Co(III) centers. Structural analysis
shows that in 1 the capped-octahedral environment around the Co(II) centers is
highly distorted with rather long bonds between the metal and donor atoms. The
tbta ligand binds to the Co(II) centers through the three triazole nitrogen
donor atoms in a facial form, with the Co–N(amine) distance of 2.494(2) Å
acting as a capping bond to the octahedron. In the crystal an unusual
observation of one acetonitrile molecule statistically occupying the
coordination sites at both Co(II) centers is made. 1 displays a series of
intermolecular C–HCl and π–π interactions leading to extended three-
dimensional structures in the solid state. These interactions lead to the
formation of voids and explain why only one acetonitrile molecule can be bound
to the dinuclear complexes. In contrast to 1, the cobalt centers in 2 display
a more regular octahedral environment with shorter cobalt–donor atom
distances, as would be expected for a low spin Co(III) situation. The tbta
ligand acts as a perfect tetradentate ligand in this case with the
cobalt–N(amine) distance of 2.012(3) Å falling in the range of a normal bond.
Thus, we present the rare instances where the ligand tbta has been observed to
bind in a perfectly tetradentate fashion in its metal complexes. The room
temperature magnetic moment of 6.30 μB for 1 shows values typical of two high
spin Co(II) centers, and this value decreases at temperatures lower than 30 K
indicating a weak antiferromagnetic coupling and zero field splitting. Mass
spectrometric analysis of 2 provided evidence for the formation of an oxo-
bridged dicobalt complex in the gas phase
Iron–molybdenum-oxo complexes as initiators for olefin autoxidation with O2
The reaction between [(TPA)Fe(MeCN)2](OTf)2 and [nBu4N](Cp*MoO3) yields the
novel tetranuclear complex [(TPA)Fe(μ-Cp*MoO3)]2(OTf)2, 1, with a rectangular
[Mo–O–Fe–O–]2 core containing high-spin iron(II) centres. 1 proved to be an
efficient initiator/(pre)catalyst for the autoxidation of cis-cyclooctene with
O2 to give cyclooctene epoxide. To test, which features of 1 are essential in
this regard, analogues with zinc(II) and cobalt(II) central atoms, namely
[(TPA)Zn(Cp*MoO3)](OTf), 3, and [(TPA)Co(Cp*MoO3)](OTf), 4, were prepared,
which proved to be inactive. The precursor compounds of 1,
[(TPA)Fe(MeCN)2](OTf)2 and [nBu4N](Cp*MoO3) as well as Cp2*Mo2O5, were found
to be inactive, too. Reactivity studies in the absence of cyclooctene revealed
that 1 reacts both with O2 and PhIO via loss of the Cp* ligands to give the
triflate salt 2 of the known cation [((TPA)Fe)2(μ-O)(μ-MoO4)]2+. The cobalt
analogue 4 reacts with O2 in a different way yielding
[((TPA)Co)2(μ-Mo2O8)](OTf)2, 5, featuring a Mo2O84− structural unit which is
novel in coordination chemistry. The compound [(TPA)Fe(μ-MoO4)]2, 6, being
related to 1, but lacking Cp* ligands failed to trigger autoxidation of
cyclooctene. However, initiation of autoxidation by Cp* radicals was excluded
via experiments including thermal dissociation of Cp2*
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