Book Review: \u3ci\u3eA Critical Introduction to Mao\u3c/i\u3e

At the outset of the final chapter of A Critical Introduction to Mao, Jiang Yihua, a senior Chinese scholar, suggests that it will still be many years before historians will be able to draw any definitive conclusions concerning Mao Zedong, revolutionary China’s most imposing figure. This inability to give a final and authoritative interpretation of Mao, Jiang suggests, is due to difficulties of archival access as well as the fact that Mao is still being recreated and reshaped by his ever loyal followers and his equally dedicated detractors. Jiang’s skeptical approach to the problem of knowing Mao, a problem rarely mentioned by his biographers, is both telling for the challenges of studying Mao, and for why editor Timothy Cheek’s excellent collection of essays should be considered essential reading for students of Chinese history

Mystery and ambiguity of space

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Diagnosis and Prognosis of Weapon Systems

The Prognostics Framework is a set of software tools with an open architecture that affords a capability to integrate various prognostic software mechanisms and to provide information for operational and battlefield decision-making and logistical planning pertaining to weapon systems. The Prognostics NASA Tech Briefs, February 2005 17 Framework is also a system-level health -management software system that (1) receives data from performance- monitoring and built-in-test sensors and from other prognostic software and (2) processes the received data to derive a diagnosis and a prognosis for a weapon system. This software relates the diagnostic and prognostic information to the overall health of the system, to the ability of the system to perform specific missions, and to needed maintenance actions and maintenance resources. In the development of the Prognostics Framework, effort was focused primarily on extending previously developed model-based diagnostic-reasoning software to add prognostic reasoning capabilities, including capabilities to perform statistical analyses and to utilize information pertaining to deterioration of parts, failure modes, time sensitivity of measured values, mission criticality, historical data, and trends in measurement data. As thus extended, the software offers an overall health-monitoring capability

L’adaptation des juridictions

Le droit animalier fait l’objet d’un intéressement de plus en plus important de la part des citoyens. En France, les élections sont un révélateur de cet intérêt grandissant. Devenant une préoccupation pour beaucoup d’électeurs français, la cause animale entre alors dans le débat électoral. Avec toutes les réserves à apporter aux sondages, les résultats d’une enquête IFOP parus en mars 2022 révèlent que 81 % des Français sont sensibles au bien-être animal. En conséquence, il n’est pas surprena..

Experimental observation of the nonlinear coupling of flame flow and acoustic wave

This is an experimental investigation to study the nonlinear coupling characteristics of a propane/air flame with acoustic standing waves, using chemiluminescence emission and phase-locked PIV measurements. A variety of coupling modes are observed for the excitation source with combustion instability oscillations and its harmonics and sub-harmonics. The frequency analysis shows that flame/acoustic coupling behaviour results in complex nonlinear coupling. The coupling behaviour is weak at lower excitation intensities (0.3V). At a voltage amplitude of 2V, the results show that the excitation frequency (fe) is only coupled with the sub-harmonic frequency (fe/5) for the premixed flame. However, for the diffusion flame, more complex frequency components are observed, which exhibit relationships of fe±ff and fe±fe/5. At a voltage amplitude of 13.7V, the sub-harmonic frequencies (2fe/5 and 3fe/5) and the premixed flame buoyancy oscillations (ff) are increased. PIV measurements provide detailed flow velocity vector fields in an acoustically excited tube for different phase angles and the effect on the flames at different equivalence ratios, which increases the understanding of flame oscillation behaviour. It is found that all of the nonlinear phenomena that are observed occur because of the coupling between buoyant and acoustic excitation and create complex nonlinear frequency couplings