Volume overload impact on 3D right ventricular shape and strain: comparative analysis of tetralogy of Fallot and atrial septal defect patients

International audienc

Imaging in pulmonary hypertension: Focus on the role of echocardiography

SummaryPatients with pulmonary hypertension must be evaluated using a multimodality approach to ensure a correct diagnosis and basal evaluation as well as a prognostic assessment. Beyond the assessment of pulmonary pressures, the echocardiographical examination allows the evaluation of right ventricular adaptation to elevated afterload. Numbers of variables are commonly used in the assessment of the pulmonary hypertension patient in order to detect changes in right heart geometry, right-to-left interaction and right ventricular dysfunction. Whereas an isolated change in one echocardiographical variable is not meaningful, multiple echocardiographical variable modifications together provide accurate information. In this review, we will link pulmonary hypertension pathophysiological changes with echocardiographical indices and describe the clinical implications of echocardiographical findings

Three-dimensional right-ventricular regional deformation and survival in pulmonary hypertension

International audienceBackground: Survival in pulmonary hypertension (PH) relates to right ventricular (RV) function. However, the RV unique anatomy and structure limit 2D analysis and its regional 3D function has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to assess the implications of global and regional 3D RV deformation on clinical condition and survival in adults with PH and healthy controls.Methods and Results: We collected a prospective longitudinal cohort of 104 consecutive PH patients and 34 healthy controls between September 2014 and December 2015. Acquired 3D transthoracic RV echocardiographic sequences were analysed by semi- automatic software (TomTec 4D RV-Function 2.0). Output meshes were post-processed to extract regional motion and deformation. Global and regional statistics provided deformation patterns for each subgroup of subjects.RV lateral and inferior regions showed the highest deformation. In PH patients, RV global and regional motion and deformation (both circumferential, longitudinal and area strain) were affected in all segments (p-18% was the most powerful RV function parameter, identifying patients with a 48%-increased risk of death (AUC 0.83 [0.74-0.90], p<0.001).Conclusions: RV strain patterns gradually worsen in PH patients and provide independent prognostic information in this population

Role of PPARβ/δ, Wt1, Cyp51 and Dnmt2 in angiogenesis and cardiac function in healthy adult mice and after myocardial infarction

La coronaropathie est une cause majeure de mortalité, motivant la recherche de stratégies limitant le remodelage cardiaque ou stimulant la néovascularisation après un infarctus du myocarde (IDM). Ce travail vise à étudier chez la souris adulte le rôle, sur la fonction cardiaque, de gènes régulant l'angiogenèse et le métabolisme cellulaire en modulant leur expression endothéliale en conditions basales ou en post-IDM (après ligature coronaire) : PPARβ/δ, Wt1, Cyp51 et Dnmt2. Les paramètres échocardiographiques ont été mesurés pré et post-IDM, des analyses histochimiques réalisées, et l’expression de gènes cibles comparée selon le génotype. La surexpression de PPARβ/δ stimule l'angiogenèse basale, causant une hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche (VG). En post-IDM, elle induit un remodelage VG pathologique et majore la taille de l'IDM, posant la question des interactions entre endothélium et cardiomyocytes. En post-IDM, l'invalidation de Wt1 limite l'angiogenèse coronaire, majore le remodelage VG et la taille de l'IDM. A l'état basal, l'invalidation de Cyp51 est à l'origine d'une insuffisance cardiaque dilatée, via une perméabilité vasculaire accrue et une activation endothéliale. La modification de la composition membranaire en stérols peut expliquer la dysfonction de l'endothélium, modifiant ses interactions avec les cardiomyocytes. Ainsi, Cyp51 possède un rôle essentiel dans la structure et la fonction cardiaque, ouvrant le champ de son étude en post-IDM. Enfin, l'expression de Dnmt2 est indispensable pour limiter l'hypertrophie cardiaque, via le contrôle de l'activité de l'ARN polymérase II par la méthylation de l’ARN non codant Rn7sk.Coronary heart disease is a major cause of mortality, explaining the increasing interest in therapeutics targeting cardiac remodeling and neovascularization after myocardial infarction (MI). Using endothelial expression modulation in adult mice in basal or post-MI conditions (after coronary artery ligation), this work studied several genes involved in angiogenesis and cardiac metabolism, PPARβ/δ, Wt1, Cyp51 and Dnmt2, and their role in cardiac function. Echocardiographic structural and functional parameters were measured before and after MI, histochemistry analyses performed, and target genes expression compared between different genotypes. PPARβ/δ basal overexpression resulted in an increased angiogenesis and cardiac hypertrophy. After MI, it caused MI expansion through increased cardiac remodelling. This discrepancy raises the issue of communication between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. Endothelial Wt1 expression is essential for cardiac repair after MI : deletion was responsible for neovascularization impairment, poorer cardiac remodeling and MI enlargement. Endothelial Cyp51 expression is necessary for basal cardiac structure and function. After Cyp51 deletion, membrane and cell junction disorganization caused increased vascular permeability and endothelium activation, resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. The accumulation of toxic oxysterols or lack of cholesterol might account for endothelial dysfunction, through abnormal endothelial cells to cardiomyocytes signalling. Dnmt2 deletion caused cardiac hypertrophy. through methylation of non-coding RNA Rn7sk and control of RNA polymerase II activity

Rôles des gènes PPARβ/δ, Wt1, Cyp51 et Dnmt2 dans l'angiogenèse et la fonction cardiaque chez la souris adulte saine et dans un modèle d'infarctus du myocarde

Coronary heart disease is a major cause of mortality, explaining the increasing interest in therapeutics targeting cardiac remodeling and neovascularization after myocardial infarction (MI). Using endothelial expression modulation in adult mice in basal or post-MI conditions (after coronary artery ligation), this work studied several genes involved in angiogenesis and cardiac metabolism, PPARβ/δ, Wt1, Cyp51 and Dnmt2, and their role in cardiac function. Echocardiographic structural and functional parameters were measured before and after MI, histochemistry analyses performed, and target genes expression compared between different genotypes. PPARβ/δ basal overexpression resulted in an increased angiogenesis and cardiac hypertrophy. After MI, it caused MI expansion through increased cardiac remodelling. This discrepancy raises the issue of communication between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. Endothelial Wt1 expression is essential for cardiac repair after MI : deletion was responsible for neovascularization impairment, poorer cardiac remodeling and MI enlargement. Endothelial Cyp51 expression is necessary for basal cardiac structure and function. After Cyp51 deletion, membrane and cell junction disorganization caused increased vascular permeability and endothelium activation, resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. The accumulation of toxic oxysterols or lack of cholesterol might account for endothelial dysfunction, through abnormal endothelial cells to cardiomyocytes signalling. Dnmt2 deletion caused cardiac hypertrophy. through methylation of non-coding RNA Rn7sk and control of RNA polymerase II activity.La coronaropathie est une cause majeure de mortalité, motivant la recherche de stratégies limitant le remodelage cardiaque ou stimulant la néovascularisation après un infarctus du myocarde (IDM). Ce travail vise à étudier chez la souris adulte le rôle, sur la fonction cardiaque, de gènes régulant l'angiogenèse et le métabolisme cellulaire en modulant leur expression endothéliale en conditions basales ou en post-IDM (après ligature coronaire) : PPARβ/δ, Wt1, Cyp51 et Dnmt2. Les paramètres échocardiographiques ont été mesurés pré et post-IDM, des analyses histochimiques réalisées, et l’expression de gènes cibles comparée selon le génotype. La surexpression de PPARβ/δ stimule l'angiogenèse basale, causant une hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche (VG). En post-IDM, elle induit un remodelage VG pathologique et majore la taille de l'IDM, posant la question des interactions entre endothélium et cardiomyocytes. En post-IDM, l'invalidation de Wt1 limite l'angiogenèse coronaire, majore le remodelage VG et la taille de l'IDM. A l'état basal, l'invalidation de Cyp51 est à l'origine d'une insuffisance cardiaque dilatée, via une perméabilité vasculaire accrue et une activation endothéliale. La modification de la composition membranaire en stérols peut expliquer la dysfonction de l'endothélium, modifiant ses interactions avec les cardiomyocytes. Ainsi, Cyp51 possède un rôle essentiel dans la structure et la fonction cardiaque, ouvrant le champ de son étude en post-IDM. Enfin, l'expression de Dnmt2 est indispensable pour limiter l'hypertrophie cardiaque, via le contrôle de l'activité de l'ARN polymérase II par la méthylation de l’ARN non codant Rn7sk

Facteurs de risque de récidive de la maladie thromboembolique veineuse (à propos d'une série de 184 patients )

NICE-BU Médecine Odontologie (060882102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Right Ventricular Function Evolution With Pregnancy in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot

International audienceThis case illustrates the evolution of right ventricular (RV) 3-dimensional (3D) area strain during pregnancy in a patient with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. The report highlights impairment in RV function with pregnancy, suggesting the importance of prepregnancy RV systolic function assessment, especially using 3D echocardiography

3D right ventricular strain and shape in volume overload: comparative analysis of Tetralogy of Fallot and atrial septal defect patients

International audienc

Inducible Conditional Vascular-Specific Overexpression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Beta/Delta Leads to Rapid Cardiac Hypertrophy

ISSN:1687-4757ISSN:1687-476

Erratum to “Inducible Conditional Vascular-Specific Overexpression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Beta/Delta Leads to Rapid Cardiac Hypertrophy”

ISSN:1687-4757ISSN:1687-476