59 research outputs found

    HLA class I and II diversity contributes to the etiologic heterogeneity of non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes

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    A growing number of loci within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been implicated in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) etiology. Here, we test a complementary hypothesis of "heterozygote advantage" regarding the role of HLA and NHL, whereby HLA diversity is beneficial and homozygous HLA loci are associated with increased disease risk. HLA alleles at class I and II loci were imputed from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using SNP2HLA for: 3,617 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), 2,686 follicular lymphomas (FL), 2,878 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphomas (CLL/SLL), 741 marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), and 8,753 controls of European descent. Both DLBCL and MZL risk were elevated with homozygosity at class I HLA-B and -C loci (OR DLBCL=1.31, 95% CI=1.06-1.60; OR MZL=1.45, 95% CI=1.12-1.89) and class II HLA-DRB1 locus (OR DLBCL=2.10, 95% CI=1.24-3.55; OR MZL= 2.10, 95% CI=0.99-4.45). Increased FL risk was observed with the overall increase in number of homozygous HLA class II loci (p-trend<0.0001, FDR=0.0005). These results support a role for HLA zygosity in NHL etiology and suggests that distinct immune pathways may underly the etiology of the different NHL subtypes

    Implication de ROQUIN dans la physiopathologie du lymphome T angio-immunoblastique

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    Implication de ROQUIN dans la physiopathologie du lymphome T angio-immunoblastique. Le T-LAI est un lymphome T périphérique qui de part sa rareté bénéficie de peu d'études contrairement aux lymphomes B. En France, le T-LAI est le PTCL le plus fréquemment rencontré. Malgré une évolution clinique variable, le T-LAI reste une tumeur agressive dont la survie globale est inférieure à 3 ans. Un des objectifs de notre équipe est donc de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie de ce lymphome et d'identifier des évènements oncogéniques conduisant à son développement. Dans le cadre de ce projet, notre étude s'est portée sur le gène ROQUIN qui code une E3 ubiquitine ligase de la famille RING et dont la mutation est associée à l'apparition d'un syndrome proche du T-LAI chez la souris sanroque.Bien que nous n'ayons détecté aucune mutation dans la séquence codante de ROQUIN nous avons identifié un nouveau transcrit alternatif appelé ROQUIN ØE17. Celui-ci code une protéine qui, comme la forme sauvage, se localise dans les granules de stress et les corps P et interagit avec certains ARNm et micro-ARN. Néanmoins il est le seul à inhiber l'expression de la molécule de costimulation ICOS. ROQUIN ØE17, qui est présent en concentrations variables dans les différentes populations lymphocytaires T n'est quasiment pas exprimé dans les T-LAI. De ce fait, la perte du transcrit ROQUIN ØE17 pourrait participer à la genèse et/ou développement de ce lymphome.Implication of ROQUIN in the physiopathology of angio-immunoblastic T cell lymphoma. AITL is a peripheral T cell lymphoma, poorly studied compared to B cell lymphomas due to its rarity. In France, AITL is the PTCL the most frequently encountered. Despite a variable clinical course, AITL is an aggressive tumor with an overall survival lower than 3 years. One of our goal is to better understand the physiopathology of this lymphoma and identify oncogenic events that lead to its development. In this project, our study was focused on ROQUIN gene that encodes a RING E3 ubiquitin ligase and whose mutation induces an AITL-like syndrom in sanroque mice.Although we did not detect any mutation in ROQUIN coding sequence, we identified a novel alternative transcript referred as ROQUIN ØE17. It encodes a protein that, like wild type protein, localizes to stress granules and P bodies and interacts with mRNAs and microRNAs. However, only ROQUIN ØE17 inhibits the expression of the costimulatory molecule ICOS. This transcript, whose expression varies between T cell populations, is hardly expressed in AITL. Consequently, the loss of ROQUIN ØE17 could be involved in the genesis and/or development of this lymphoma.PARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocPARIS12-Bib. électronique (940280011) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Vaccination anti-tumorale dans les hémopathies malignes (étude de deux antigènes tumoraux candidats)

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    De nos jours, malgré l'efficacité des thérapeutiques classiques dans les proliférations malignes hématopoïétiques, il est difficile d'obtenir des rémissions cliniques durables. En effet, de par la persistance d'une maladie résiduelle, un certain nombre de patients rechutent. L'avancée des connaissances concernant le rôle du système immunitaire dans le contrôle des tumeurs a donné un nouvel élan à la vaccination anti-tumorale. L'objectif de ce travail a été d'évaluer deux antigènes tumoraux dans une perspective de vaccination. Dans une première partie, nous avons évalué l'immunogénicité de l'AID, antigène tumoral candidat dans le lymphome folliculaire. Les résultats obtenus in vitro chez l'homme, lors de l'induction de lymphocytes T cytotoxiques, et in vivo chez la souris, dans un modèle d'immunisation anti-AID, ont montré la faible immunogenicité de cette protéine. En parallèle, nous avons développé un modèle animal de lymphome systémique à partir de la lignée cellulaire A20. Le suivi de l'évolution des masses intra-abdominales chez des souris, inclues dans un protocole de vaccination, a été effectué par tomographie par émission de positon (TEP) avec une machine dédiée au petit animal. Nous avons ainsi pu démontrer l'intérêt de la TEP dans l'évaluation de l'efficacité d'une stratégie de vaccination anti-tumorale. Enfin dans une dernière partie, nous avons démontré l'efficacité du vaccin plasmidique p.DOM-peptide, appliqué à l'antigène tumoral candidat dans les leucémies aiguës, WT1. Nous avons également mis en évidence pour la première fois l'immunogénicité et la présentation par les cellules tumorales leucémiques de l'épitope WT1.37.To date, despite efficacy of classical treatments in haematopoïetic cancers, durable clinical remissions ar difficult to obtain. Indeed, because of the existence of a residual disease, some patients relapse. The improvement of knowledge about the role of the immune system in tumour control has given a boost to anti-tumour vaccination. The objective of this work was to assess two tumour antigens as veccination targets. Firstly we assessed immunogenicity of AID, a tumour antigen candidate in follicular lymphoma. Human cytotoxic T lymphocyte inductions in vitro, and anti-AID immunisations in mice, showed the low immunogenicity of this protein. Secondly, we developed an animal model of systemic lymphoma using the lymphoma cell line, A20. Intra-abdominal disease in mice was visualised by positon emission tomography (PET) with a machine designed for small animals. Thus, we demonstrated that PET can be used to assess the efficacy of an anti-tumour vaccination strategy. Finally, we demonstrated efficacy of the p.DOM-peptide DNA vaccine, applied to the leukaemia tumour antigen, WT1. We also highlighted for the first time the immunogenicity and the presentation by leukaemic cells of the WT1.37 epitope.PARIS12-CRETEIL BU Multidisc. (940282102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Implication de ROQUIN dans la physiopathologie du lymphome T angio-immunoblastique

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    Implication de ROQUIN dans la physiopathologie du lymphome T angio-immunoblastique. Le T-LAI est un lymphome T périphérique qui de part sa rareté bénéficie de peu d'études contrairement aux lymphomes B. En France, le T-LAI est le PTCL le plus fréquemment rencontré. Malgré une évolution clinique variable, le T-LAI reste une tumeur agressive dont la survie globale est inférieure à 3 ans. Un des objectifs de notre équipe est donc de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie de ce lymphome et d'identifier des évènements oncogéniques conduisant à son développement. Dans le cadre de ce projet, notre étude s'est portée sur le gène ROQUIN qui code une E3 ubiquitine ligase de la famille RING et dont la mutation est associée à l'apparition d'un syndrome proche du T-LAI chez la souris sanroque.Bien que nous n'ayons détecté aucune mutation dans la séquence codante de ROQUIN nous avons identifié un nouveau transcrit alternatif appelé ROQUIN ØE17. Celui-ci code une protéine qui, comme la forme sauvage, se localise dans les granules de stress et les corps P et interagit avec certains ARNm et micro-ARN. Néanmoins il est le seul à inhiber l'expression de la molécule de costimulation ICOS. ROQUIN ØE17, qui est présent en concentrations variables dans les différentes populations lymphocytaires T n'est quasiment pas exprimé dans les T-LAI. De ce fait, la perte du transcrit ROQUIN ØE17 pourrait participer à la genèse et/ou développement de ce lymphome.Implication of ROQUIN in the physiopathology of angio-immunoblastic T cell lymphoma. AITL is a peripheral T cell lymphoma, poorly studied compared to B cell lymphomas due to its rarity. In France, AITL is the PTCL the most frequently encountered. Despite a variable clinical course, AITL is an aggressive tumor with an overall survival lower than 3 years. One of our goal is to better understand the physiopathology of this lymphoma and identify oncogenic events that lead to its development. In this project, our study was focused on ROQUIN gene that encodes a RING E3 ubiquitin ligase and whose mutation induces an AITL-like syndrom in sanroque mice.Although we did not detect any mutation in ROQUIN coding sequence, we identified a novel alternative transcript referred as ROQUIN ØE17. It encodes a protein that, like wild type protein, localizes to stress granules and P bodies and interacts with mRNAs and microRNAs. However, only ROQUIN ØE17 inhibits the expression of the costimulatory molecule ICOS. This transcript, whose expression varies between T cell populations, is hardly expressed in AITL. Consequently, the loss of ROQUIN ØE17 could be involved in the genesis and/or development of this lymphoma.PARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocPARIS12-Bib. électronique (940280011) / SudocSudocFranceF

    VALEUR DIAGNOSTIQUE DU REARRANGEMENT GENIQUE DES LYMPHOCYTES ALVEOLAIRES PAR PCR AU COURS DES SUSPICIONS DE LYMPHOME PULMONAIRE (ETUDE PROSPECTIVE CHEZ 116 F.)

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    PARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Specific antibodies modulate the interactions of adenovirus type 5 with dendritic cells

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    International audienceAdenovirus type 5 (Ad5) is able to induce an efficient CD8+ T lymphocyte (CTL) response against a transgene product, a property thought to be linked to its ability to transduce dendritic cells (DCs). Little, however, is known about the capacity of Ad5 to interact with DCs in the presence of specific antibodies, although most people test positive for antibodies directed against Ad5. In the present study, we found that in the presence of Ad5 antibodies, a large fraction of Ad5 binds very efficiently to DCs, and that this binding is FcgammaRII/FcgammaRIII dependent. Nevertheless, in the presence of high levels of antibodies against the whole virion, Ad5 entry was inhibited. Increased binding led to increased entry in DCs in the presence of fiber-specific antibodies or in the presence of low amounts of a whole antiserum raised against whole virions, showing that the relative concentration of antibodies directed against fiber and penton base plays a major role in entry efficacy. Nevertheless, mice previously immunized with virions or purified fiber developed a lower transgene-specific CD8+ T cell response than naive mice, although their serum appeared to increase virus entry into DCs in vitro

    Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphomas Expressing BCL2 Protein Frequently Harbor BCL2 Gene Break and May Present 1p36 Deletion

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    International audienceThe classification of cutaneous follicular lymphoma (CFL) into primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) or secondary cutaneous follicular lymphoma (SCFL) is challenging. SCFL is suspected when tumor cells express BCL2 protein, reflecting a BCL2 translocation. However, BCL2 expression is difficult to assess in CFLs because of numerous BCL2+ reactive T cells. To investigate these issues and to further characterize PCFCL, we studied a series of 25 CFLs without any extracutaneous disease at diagnosis, selected on the basis of BCL2 protein expression using 2 BCL2 antibodies (clones 124 and E17) and BOB1/BCL2 double immunostaining. All cases were studied using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization with BCL2, BCL6, IGH, IGK, IGL breakapart, IGH-BCL2 fusion, and 1p36/1q25 dual-color probes. Nineteen CFLs were BCL2 positive, and 6 were negative. After a medium follow-up of 24 (6 to 96) months, 5 cases were reclassified as SCFL and were excluded from a part of our analyses. Among BCL2+ PCFCLs, 60% (9/15) demonstrated a BCL2 break. BCL2-break-positive cases had a tendency to occur in the head and neck and showed the classical phenotype of nodal follicular lymphoma (CD10+, BCL6+, BCL2+, STMN+) compared with BCL2-break-negative PCFCLs. Del 1p36 was observed in 1 PCFCL. No significant clinical differences were observed between BCL2+ or BCL2- PCFCL. In conclusion, we show that a subset of PCFCLs harbor similar genetic alterations, as observed in nodal follicular lymphomas, including BCL2 breaks and 1p36 deletion. As BCL2 protein expression is usually associated with the presence of a BCL2 translocation, fluorescence in situ hybridization should be performed to confirm this hypothesis
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