1,664 research outputs found
Improving Search through A3C Reinforcement Learning based Conversational Agent
We develop a reinforcement learning based search assistant which can assist
users through a set of actions and sequence of interactions to enable them
realize their intent. Our approach caters to subjective search where the user
is seeking digital assets such as images which is fundamentally different from
the tasks which have objective and limited search modalities. Labeled
conversational data is generally not available in such search tasks and
training the agent through human interactions can be time consuming. We propose
a stochastic virtual user which impersonates a real user and can be used to
sample user behavior efficiently to train the agent which accelerates the
bootstrapping of the agent. We develop A3C algorithm based context preserving
architecture which enables the agent to provide contextual assistance to the
user. We compare the A3C agent with Q-learning and evaluate its performance on
average rewards and state values it obtains with the virtual user in validation
episodes. Our experiments show that the agent learns to achieve higher rewards
and better states.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
Ковчег Ноя: рух матерії у Сонячній системі та на ядерних рівнях Землі
У Стародавньому світі пророку Мойсею було відкрито таємницю створення світу. Як науковий геній свого
часу, Мойсей зашифрував у алегоричну форму в родоводі Адама і Потопі прикладну науку про будову
ядра Землі, Сонячної системи і рухи космічної водневої і сонячної вуглецевої матерій (енергій) крізь Землю.В Древнем мире пророку Моисею была открыта тайна создания мира. Как научный гений своего времени
Моисей зашифровал в форму аллегории в родословной Адама и Потопе прикладную науку о строении ядра
Земли, Солнечной системы и движениях космической водородной и солнечной углеродной материи (энергии)
сквозь Землю.In the Ancient history the mystery of the Creation of the world was revealed to the Prophet Moses. As a scientific
genius of that époque Moses codified in allegoric way in the genealogy of Adam and The Flood the applied science
on the structure of the Earth core, of the Solar System and motion of cosmic hydrogenous and solar carbonic substance
(energy) through the Earth
Autonomy support, basic need satisfaction and the optimal functioning of adult male and female sport participants: A test of basic needs theory
Grounded in Basic Needs Theory (BNT; Ryan and Deci, American Psychologist, 55, 68–78, 2000a), the present study aimed to: (a) test a theoretically-based model of coach autonomy support, motivational processes and well-/ill being among a sample of adult sport participants, (b) discern which basic psychological need(s) mediate the link between autonomy support and well-/ill-being, and (c) explore gender invariance in the hypothesized model. Five hundred and thirty nine participants (Male = 271;Female = 268; Mage = 22.75) completed a multi-section questionnaire tapping the targeted variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that coach autonomy support predicted participants’ basic need satisfaction for autonomy, competence and relatedness. In turn, basic need satisfaction predicted greater subjective vitality when engaged in sport. Participants with low levels of autonomy were more susceptible to feeling emotionally and physically exhausted from their sport investment. Autonomy and competence partially mediated the path from autonomy support to subjective vitality. Lastly, the results supported partial invariance of the model with respect to gender
SMEs' Confidentiality Concerns for Security Information Sharing
Small and medium-sized enterprises are considered an essential part of the EU
economy, however, highly vulnerable to cyberattacks. SMEs have specific
characteristics which separate them from large companies and influence their
adoption of good cybersecurity practices. To mitigate the SMEs' cybersecurity
adoption issues and raise their awareness of cyber threats, we have designed a
self-paced security assessment and capability improvement method, CYSEC. CYSEC
is a security awareness and training method that utilises self-reporting
questionnaires to collect companies' information about cybersecurity awareness,
practices, and vulnerabilities to generate automated recommendations for
counselling. However, confidentiality concerns about cybersecurity information
have an impact on companies' willingness to share their information. Security
information sharing decreases the risk of incidents and increases users'
self-efficacy in security awareness programs. This paper presents the results
of semi-structured interviews with seven chief information security officers of
SMEs to evaluate the impact of online consent communication on motivation for
information sharing. The results were analysed in respect of the Self
Determination Theory. The findings demonstrate that online consent with
multiple options for indicating a suitable level of agreement improved
motivation for information sharing. This allows many SMEs to participate in
security information sharing activities and supports security experts to have a
better overview of common vulnerabilities. The final publication is available
at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57404-8_22Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 14th International Symposium on Human Aspects of
Information Security & Assurance (HAISA 2020
Explaining the effects of an intervention designed to promote evidence-based diabetes care : a theory-based process evaluation of a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial
Background
The results of randomised controlled trials can be usefully illuminated by studies of the processes by which they achieve their effects. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) offers a framework for conducting such studies. This study used TPB to explore the observed effects in a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial of a structured recall and prompting intervention to increase evidence-based diabetes care that was conducted in three Primary Care Trusts in England.
Methods
All general practitioners and nurses in practices involved in the trial were sent a postal questionnaire at the end of the intervention period, based on the TPB (predictor variables: attitude; subjective norm; perceived behavioural control, or PBC). It focussed on three clinical behaviours recommended in diabetes care: measuring blood pressure; inspecting feet; and prescribing statins. Multivariate analyses of variance and multiple regression analyses were used to explore changes in cognitions and thereby better understand trial effects.
Results
Fifty-nine general medical practitioners and 53 practice nurses (intervention: n = 55, 41.98% of trial participants; control: n = 57, 38.26% of trial participants) completed the questionnaire. There were no differences between groups in mean scores for attitudes, subjective norms, PBC or intentions. Control group clinicians had 'normatively-driven' intentions (i.e., related to subjective norm scores), whereas intervention group clinicians had 'attitudinally-driven' intentions (i.e., related to attitude scores) for foot inspection and statin prescription. After controlling for effects of the three predictor variables, this group difference was significant for foot inspection behaviour (trial group × attitude interaction, beta = 0.72, p < 0.05; trial group × subjective norm interaction, beta = -0.65, p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Attitudinally-driven intentions are proposed to be more consistently translated into action than normatively-driven intentions. This proposition was supported by the findings, thus offering an interpretation of the trial effects. This analytic approach demonstrates the potential of the TPB to explain trial effects in terms of different relationships between variables rather than differences in mean scores. This study illustrates the use of theory-based process evaluation to uncover processes underlying change in implementation trials.European Union ReBEQI projec
The trans-contextual model: Perceived learning and performance motivational climates as analogues of perceived autonomy support
The trans-contextual model of motivation (TCM) proposes that perceived autonomy support in physical education (PE) predicts autonomous motivation within this context, which, in turn, is related to autonomous motivation and physical activity in leisure-time. According to achievement goal theory perceptions of learning and performance, motivational climate in PE can also affect autonomous motivation in PE. The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of an integrated approach of perceptions of motivational climate in PE by incorporating aspects of perceptions of motivational climate from achievement goal frameworks on autonomous motivation in PE within the TCM. High school students (N = 274) completed self-report measures of perceived autonomy support, perceived learning, and performance motivational climate and autonomous motivation in PE. Follow-up measures of autonomous motivation in a leisure-time context were taken along with measures of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intentions from the theory of planned behaviour 1 week later. Self-reported physical activity behaviour was measured 5 weeks later. The results of the path analyses indicated that perceived learning climate was the strongest predictor of autonomous motivation in PE and leisure-time contexts and mediated the effect of perceived autonomy support on autonomous motivation in PE. Perceived performance climate showed no significant effect on autonomous motivation in PE and leisure-time. Results also confirmed the premises of TCM regarding the effect of autonomous motivation in leisure-time on leisure-time physical activity and the mediating role of the planned behaviour theory variables
Motivated learning with digital learning tasks: what about autonomy and structure?
Article about Motivated learning with digital learning tasks: what about autonomy and structure
In the beginning: Role of autonomy support on the motivation, mental health and intentions of participants entering an exercise referral scheme
Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000, Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour. New York: Plenum Publishing) highlights the impact autonomy supportive environments can have on exercise motivation and positive health outcomes. Yet little is known about whether differential effects occur as a function of which significant other is providing this support. Further, no research has examined the relationship between motivation and the social environment with participants’ mental health and intentions to be physically active before entering an exercise intervention. Study participants were 347 British adults who were about to start an exercise referral scheme. Regression analyses revealed that the effects of autonomy support on mental health and physical activity intentions differed as a function of who provided the support (offspring, partner or physician), with the offspring having the weakest effects. A structural model was supported, indicating that autonomy support and more autonomous regulations led to more positive mental health outcomes and stronger intentions to be physically active. Knowledge of the social environmental and personal motivation of those about to commence an exercise programme can provide important insights for professionals supporting such efforts
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