Usos de la glutamina en pediatría

ResumenLa glutamina, aminoácido “condicionalmente indispensable” tiene un rol clave en la respuesta del intestino delgado ante diferentes agresiones. Bajo ciertas condiciones de estrés clínico y quirúrgico ocurren cambios y atrofi a en la mucosa intestinal, originando diversos grados de desnutrición. Investigadores han demostrado que el intestino es el órgano de mayor actividad de la glutamina y que su epitelio es considerado como blanco en la captura de la glutamina; asignándole un papel especial en la recuperación del intestino delgado. Se revisaron los trabajos recientes sobre su utilidad en el área pediátrica, con énfasis en el metabolismo intestinal y nutrición. Concluyendo que la glutamina puede ser benefi ciosa y absolutamente necesaria durante las situaciones críticas.[Marante J, Rodríguez R, López KC, González LG, Flores LS, Villalobos DC, et al. Usos de la glutamina en pediatría. MedUNAB 2005; 8 (1 Supl 1):S37-S42]Palabras clave: Glutamina, pediatría, intestino, aminoácido, nutrición enteral

Machine learning uncovers the most robust self-report predictors of relationship quality across 43 longitudinal couples studies

Given the powerful implications of relationship quality for health and well-being, a central mission of relationship science is explaining why some romantic relationships thrive more than others. This large-scale project used machine learning (i.e., Random Forests) to 1) quantify the extent to which relationship quality is predictable and 2) identify which constructs reliably predict relationship quality. Across 43 dyadic longitudinal datasets from 29 laboratories, the top relationship-specific predictors of relationship quality were perceived-partner commitment, appreciation, sexual satisfaction, perceived-partner satisfaction, and conflict. The top individual-difference predictors were life satisfaction, negative affect, depression, attachment avoidance, and attachment anxiety. Overall, relationship-specific variables predicted up to 45% of variance at baseline, and up to 18% of variance at the end of each study. Individual differences also performed well (21% and 12%, respectively). Actor-reported variables (i.e., own relationship-specific and individual-difference variables) predicted two to four times more variance than partner-reported variables (i.e., the partner’s ratings on those variables). Importantly, individual differences and partner reports had no predictive effects beyond actor-reported relationship-specific variables alone. These findings imply that the sum of all individual differences and partner experiences exert their influence on relationship quality via a person’s own relationship-specific experiences, and effects due to moderation by individual differences and moderation by partner-reports may be quite small. Finally, relationship-quality change (i.e., increases or decreases in relationship quality over the course of a study) was largely unpredictable from any combination of self-report variables. This collective effort should guide future models of relationships

Endoscopia digestiva superior en pediatría

La endoscopia digestiva superior (EDS) es una técnica eficaz, segura, con riesgos y complicaciones mínimos para la exploración en niños del tracto digestivo superior que permite la evaluación, diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico adecuados en la enfermedad gastrointestinal. A pesar de los consensos sobre sus indicaciones, hay pocos estudios controlados sobre los efectos y las técnicas terapéuticas en pediatría. Para facilitar el procedimiento se recomienda usar sedación o anestesia. Puede haber complicaciones cardiopulmonares, infecciosas, perforación, hemorragia y las derivadas de la sedación. En resumen, la esofagogastroduodenoscopia permite el diagnóstico, seguimiento y tratamiento adecuado en la enfermedad gastrointestinal.. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a safe and efficient technique with minimum complications; it is the preferred diagnostic procedure for evaluation of the children’s upper gastrointestinal gut. Although there is a consensus over the indications for endoscopy in children, there are few controlled studies about the therapeutic technique and its effects in pediatric patients. Sedation in children is mandatory to make easier the procedures. There are some complications, such as cardiopulmonary problems, infections, hemorrhage, bowel perforations and the complications related to sedation. We came to the conclusion that through esophagogastroduodenoscopy we are able to make diagnostics and treatment of the gastrointestinal diseases

Endoscopia digestiva superior en pediatría

The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a safe and efficient technique with minimum complications; it is the preferred diagnostic procedure for evaluation of the children's upper gastrointestinal gut. Although there is a consensus over the indications for endoscopy in children, there are few controlled studies about the therapeutic technique and its effects in pediatric patients. Sedation in children is mandatory to make easier the procedures. There are some complications, such as cardiopulmonary problems, infections, hemorrhage, bowel perforations and the complications related to sedation. We came to the conclusion that through esophagogastroduodenoscopy we are able to make diagnostics and treatment of the gastrointestinal diseases

Machine learning uncovers the most robust self-report predictors of relationship quality across 43 longitudinal couples studies

Given the powerful implications of relationship quality for health and well-being, a central mission of relationship science is explaining why some romantic relationships thrive more than others. This large-scale project used machine learning (i.e., Random Forests) to 1) quantify the extent to which relationship quality is predictable and 2) identify which constructs reliably predict relationship quality. Across 43 dyadic longitudinal datasets from 29 laboratories, the top relationship-specific predictors of relationship quality were perceived-partner commitment, appreciation, sexual satisfaction, perceived-partner satisfaction, and conflict. The top individual-difference predictors were life satisfaction, negative affect, depression, attachment avoidance, and attachment anxiety. Overall, relationship-specific variables predicted up to 45% of variance at baseline, and up to 18% of variance at the end of each study. Individual differences also performed well (21% and 12%, respectively). Actor-reported variables (i.e., own relationship-specific and individual-difference variables) predicted two to four times more variance than partner-reported variables (i.e., the partner's ratings on those variables). Importantly, individual differences and partner reports had no predictive effects beyond actor-reported relationship-specific variables alone. These findings imply that the sum of all individual differences and partner experiences exert their influence on relationship quality via a person's own relationship-specific experiences, and effects due to moderation by individual differences and moderation by partner-reports may be quite small. Finally, relationship-quality change (i.e., increases or decreases in relationship quality over the course of a study) was largely unpredictable from any combination of self-report variables. This collective effort should guide future models of relationships