Adjusting technology for an ageing population: co-producing technological solutions with older adults

Since the onset of Covid 19, there has been a shift towards moving essential services online. This has the potential to further exclude sub-sections of the population from accessing essential services. This is particularly the case for older people who lack basic digital skills or who are not confident using digital technology, amplifying the risk of exclusion, and increasing the risk of social exclusion, loneliness and social isolation among digitally excluded older people. Research suggests that barriers to engagement with digital technologies include cost, lack of support, and technology being perceived as complicated or not for ‘people like me (French, Quinn & Yates, 2019). As such, there is an urgent need to develop digital solutions with older people, co-designing technology that meets their needs. The presentation will draw on data and experiences of older people involved in a seed corn project funded by the Research Wales Innovation Fund (April 2023- July 2023). The project aimed to co-design an affordable digital solution with digitally excluded older people to support the development of digital skills and confidence. The presentation will focus on the skills deficit identified by older adults with limited digital skills and explore how this knowledge is being incorporated into a co-designed prototype launcher app. The presentation will highlight the benefits and challenges of co-producing solutions for an ageing population

Employing citizen science to understand the contemporary needs of older adults accessing and using technology in a pandemic

The ‘Adjust Tech, Accessible Technology’ (ATAT) project (2020) aims to understand via citizen science what basic adjustments are required by older adults; to access and use affordable technologies and software - such as mobile apps. Facilitating this multi-and-inter-disciplinary team of researchers from the fields of gerontology, gerontechnology, and human computer interaction (HCI), the research team are employing citizen science across three stages: 1. Co-creation, 2. Co-design and 3. Co-evaluation. Implementing this approach by adults aged 50+ years who are geographically displaced from their family, friends, community groups and networks, we will garner greater understanding of the use, benefits, perceptions, and levels of engagement experienced from both a positive and negative perspective by older adults. Several virtual workshops were conducted with end-users recruited via Digital Voice for Communities (based in the Northeast of England) and Digital Communities Wales. Future workshops will involve demonstrations of existing software available, and prospective prototypes will be shown by paper-based or digital formats. This chapter will contribute to the call because of the methods and approaches ATAT is implementing, through the lens of older adults who have been directly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter will provide an insight and a basis for future research teams choosing to engage stakeholders actively and directly into their research

The meaning and importance of dignified care: Findings from a survey of health and social care professionals

This article is available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright © 2013 Cairns et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.There are well established national and local policies championing the need to provide dignity in care for older people. We have evidence as to what older people and their relatives understand by the term 'dignified care' but less insight into the perspectives of staff regarding their understanding of this key policy objective.This research was supported by the Dunhill Medical Trust [grant number: R93/1108]

Frequency drift in MR spectroscopy at 3T

Purpose: Heating of gradient coils and passive shim components is a common cause of instability in the B-0 field, especially when gradient intensive sequences are used. The aim of the study was to set a benchmark for typical drift encountered during MR spectroscopy (MRS) to assess the need for real-time field-frequency locking on MRI scanners by comparing field drift data from a large number of sites.Method: A standardized protocol was developed for 80 participating sites using 99 3T MR scanners from 3 major vendors. Phantom water signals were acquired before and after an EPI sequence. The protocol consisted of: minimal preparatory imaging; a short pre-fMRI PRESS; a ten-minute fMRI acquisition; and a long post-fMRI PRESS acquisition. Both pre- and post-fMRI PRESS were non-water suppressed. Real-time frequency stabilization/adjustment was switched off when appropriate. Sixty scanners repeated the protocol for a second dataset. In addition, a three-hour post-fMRI MRS acquisition was performed at one site to observe change of gradient temperature and drift rate. Spectral analysis was performed using MATLAB. Frequency drift in pre-fMRI PRESS data were compared with the first 5:20 minutes and the full 30:00 minutes of data after fMRI. Median (interquartile range) drifts were measured and showed in violin plot. Paired t-tests were performed to compare frequency drift pre- and post-fMRI. A simulated in vivo spectrum was generated using FID-A to visualize the effect of the observed frequency drifts. The simulated spectrum was convolved with the frequency trace for the most extreme cases. Impacts of frequency drifts on NAA and GABA were also simulated as a function of linear drift. Data from the repeated protocol were compared with the corresponding first dataset using Pearson's and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).Results: Of the data collected from 99 scanners, 4 were excluded due to various reasons. Thus, data from 95 scanners were ultimately analyzed. For the first 5:20 min (64 transients), median (interquartile range) drift was 0.44 (1.29) Hz before fMRI and 0.83 (1.29) Hz after. This increased to 3.15 (4.02) Hz for the full 30 min (360 transients) run. Average drift rates were 0.29 Hz/min before fMRI and 0.43 Hz/min after. Paired t-tests indicated that drift increased after fMRI, as expected (p &lt; 0.05). Simulated spectra convolved with the frequency drift showed that the intensity of the NAA singlet was reduced by up to 26%, 44 % and 18% for GE, Philips and Siemens scanners after fMRI, respectively. ICCs indicated good agreement between datasets acquired on separate days. The single site long acquisition showed drift rate was reduced to 0.03 Hz/min approximately three hours after fMRI.Discussion: This study analyzed frequency drift data from 95 3T MRI scanners. Median levels of drift were relatively low (5-min average under 1 Hz), but the most extreme cases suffered from higher levels of drift. The extent of drift varied across scanners which both linear and nonlinear drifts were observed.</p

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

These are tenants not guinea pigs: Barriers and facilitators of retrofit in Wales, United Kingdom

Retrofitting existing homes with new energy efficient technologies is essential to reduce emissions and move towards achieving a ‘net zero’ carbon emission target. This paper reports on research that investigated the process of retrofitting new technologies in existing social rented homes in Wales, United Kingdom. It used mixed-methods consisting of pre- and post-retrofit surveys, qualitative interviews with tenants, and a documentary analysis of retrofit tenant engagement materials. Interviews and focus groups were also undertaken with a variety of professionals involved in the delivery of the new technology, including tenant liaison officers, architects, surveyors, and a civil servant.Findings reveal that many of the barriers to deploying new technologies in social rented properties were around communication and information issues. The interface between the technology and residents was a challenge as mechanisms of the new technologies operation and sensors and monitoring were not understood well and residents were kept out of the loop often through digital exclusion. Disruption to norms, the home and everyday practices were also key barriers. Facilitators to successful deployment of new technologies included good tenant engagement, demonstrating and showcasing the technology prior to deployment and actively reducing disruption to norms and practices.Social Practices Theory and Energies Culture Framework describe the findings well, especially around changes in material culture (the actual technology and hardware) and disruption to norms and social practices, which explains how the use of the technology by the residents notably changes and can disrupt their lives. These disruptions create anxiety creating further barriers which can lead to resistance to engaging with the technology. Better communication and more resident involvement and engagement are needed, allowing people ownership and some perceived control over the decision-making, deployment and changes happening to their everyday lives.Findings suggest that communications and trust in the retrofit process are crucial to the success of delivering low-carbon technologies to tenants in social housing. The technology must also be usable and understood by the tenants; exemplar demonstrator properties to help tenants see and understand the technologies are helpful to successful deployment. In conclusion, more involvement of tenants is needed when delivering low-carbon technologies to their homes to resolve further exacerbating the already noticeable inequalities

Superannuation in the post-retirement phase

As 5.5 million baby-boomers approach retirement focus is shifting to how superannuation savings are transformed into retirement income. Recognising that many retirees do not have an adequate level of financial literacy to make optimal decisions about how to do this, the Financial System Inquiry recommended superannuation funds trustees should be required to pre-select a retirement income product for their members. This product should include a regular and stable income stream, longevity risk management, and flexibility. This report models the retirement income of six representative cohorts from a combination of income stream products and the Age Pension. A default retirement income product is a good idea but will be difficult to implement. Selecting the right product requires a thorough knowledge of retirees’ superannuation balances, other assets, any debts and their income needs in retirement. Superannuation trustees will need to understand the demographics of their funds’ members very well, and funds with diverse memberships may choose to offer more than one ‘default’ income product. Superannuation trustees need to understand that the Age Pension will provide a large proportion of the income of many retirees. For retirees with low superannuation balances (and few other assets) the Age Pension acts as an annuity – offering an income guaranteed against market risk, inflation risk or longevity risk. For these retirees the most appropriate options seems to be converting their superannuation savings to an account-based pension. Retirees with higher superannuation balances are likely to receive less (or zero) income from the Age Pension and may therefore choose to invest a portion of their superannuation savings into an annuity product to help manage their financial risk. Maintaining the flexibility to access capital is important, particularly in order to deal with unexpected health-care expenses. Even retirees with relatively low superannuation balances can receive an adequate income through their retirement from a combination of income-stream products and the Age Pension. Many, however, will need guidance about the best income products to use and how to draw down income through their retirement. Superannuation funds can take an active role in providing this guidance. This begins with communicating to members who are still in the accumulation phase about the retirement income they might expect. Informed members may choose to increase their superannuation contributions to meet their desired lifestyle in retirement. This guidance should continue through retirement as many retirees are unsure about how to drawdown their income to achieve an adequate quality of life while retaining some capital to cover unexpected costs. Home ownership is an important determinant of financial wellbeing in retirement as rental costs for non-homeowners are largely unmet by welfare payments. This has important implications as home ownership rates are expected to decline among future cohorts of retirees

The Climate Comic / Comic yr Hinsawdd: Tales between generations / Cenedlaethau’n rhannu straeon

Comics (sequential art) provide a frame to tell and understand stories and are suited to exploring complex, place-based, and time dependent ‘wicked’ issues. Social interaction and artistic co-creation offer direct health/wellbeing benefits. Climate change is the ‘single biggest health threat facing humanity’(WHO, 2021) and older people are particularly vulnerable today, younger people in the future. We want to give voice to older and younger generations as agents of change, understand experiences, traditions of sustainable behaviours, and offer visions for the future. Intergenerational work can generate solidarity, debate, and knowledge sharing