La rehabilitación del alojamiento para las personas desplazadas en Ucrania

En Ucrania se están rehabilitando edificios para ofrecer alojamiento a las personas que huyen del conflicto en el país pero, a medida que la guerra continúe, se deberá reconocer la necesidad de soluciones más permanentes

The role of anti-trafficking organizations in human trafficking policy implementation

"The paper discusses possibilities of resistance and changes to exploitative working conditions in relation to the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) struggling against human trafficking. NGOs in post-soviet states (Russia, Latvia and Ukraine) and their strategies of implementation and adaption of international norms into national law are analyzed. NGOs in these states succeeded with alterations in legal regulations and contributed to public awareness of human trafficking by cooperation with international organizations." (author's abstract)"Dieser Beitrag diskutiert Möglichkeiten zum Widerstand und zur Veränderung ausbeutender Arbeitsbedingungen sich bieten anhand der Rolle von Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NGOs) im Kampf gegen Menschenhandel. Dabei werden NGOs in postsowjetischen Staaten (Russland, Lettland und Ukraine) und ihre Strategien in der Implementation und Adaption internationaler Normen in nationales Recht analysiert. Den NGOs in diesen Staaten, die in hohem Maß von Menschenhandel betroffen sind, ist es gelungen durch das Zusammenwirken mit Internationalen Organisationen Veränderungen des rechtlichen Raums zu bewirken und das Thema Menschenhandel in das öffentliche Bewusstsein zu tragen." (Autorenreferat

The continuum of gender based violence in Ukraine

In our continuum of violence series, Laura Dean looks behind the high levels of gender-based violence during the war in Ukraine and finds a pre-war society with deeply entrenched inequalities and discrimination against women

Advocacy Coalitions in East European Sex Tourism: The Case of Latvia

The widening of the European Union and the emergence of budget airlines have brought with them a host of challenges to new member states like Latvia. A result of the economic polarization and its disproportionate effect on women is the explosion of sex tourism. East European destinations such as Riga have become more prevalent and accessible for sex tourists particularly from Western Europe. Despite this influx of sex tourists, the Latvian government has not formulated a policy response to manage sex tourism. Using Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) from the public policy literature, this project examines sex tourism related policies from the late communist period, starting in 1980 to the present and investigates how policy subsystems influence the shaping of policy in post-communist democracies. Process tracing and elite interviews uncovered two coalitions that formed around Latvian sex tourism, a feminist advocacy coalition and a business advocacy coalition. The data also revealed that these coalitions have remained intact despite the, at times, fluid membership of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) due to economic constraints. This paper also determined that there is no policy on sex tourism in Latvia despite the fact that many government representatives said that there were similar measures found in other policies such as prostitution, pornography, human trafficking, and adult entertainment thus, sex tourism was just a name for another type of similar activity. In addition to these findings, this project also demonstrates that ACF is applicable to mature but evolving policy subsystems outside of the United States and Western Europe. It also recognizes feminist organizations and the subtleties of actors involved in feminist policy research as key players in the policy subsystem that share beliefs and coordinate activity

Beyond the Natasha Effect: Determinants of Human Trafficking Policy Variation in the Post-Soviet Region

This dissertation examined how human trafficking policies diffused in the post-Soviet region, a significant source region for female victims of sex trafficking dubbed Natashas. The main research question examined why some countries adopted policies while others did not. More specifically it examined whether human trafficking variations in all 15 countries of the former Soviet Union were due to internal determinants and/or from external pressure from the international community. Case studies with fieldwork in Russia, Latvia, and Ukraine determined the situation within the policy subsystem concerning adoption. The qualitative research was supplemented with a pooled time series analysis from 2003-2012 of all 15 countries of the former Soviet Union that determined the scope of human trafficking policies and a preliminary model for policy implementation. My research expanded the diffusion of innovation framework to explain the policy adoption variations throughout this region by adapting it fit the international context and supplemented with theories from morality politics and feminist policy. The results demonstrated that both international and external factors influenced the adoption of human trafficking policies in the 15 countries of the former Soviet Union

Policy Responses to Human Trafficking in Southern Africa: Domesticating International Norms

This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published version will be available from Springer Verlag at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12142-014-0303-9.Human trafficking is increasingly recognized as an outcome of economic insecurity, gender inequality, and conflict, all significant factors in the region of southern Africa. This paper examines policy responses to human trafficking in southern Africa and finds that there has been a diffusion of international norms to the regional and domestic levels. This paper finds that policy change is most notable in the strategies and approaches that differ at each level: international and regional agreements emphasize prevention measures and survivor assistance, but national policies emphasize prosecution measures. Leaders across the region have adapted these policy norms to fit regionally specific conditions, including HIV/AIDS, conflict, traditional leaders, and prostitution. Yet, national policies often fail to incorporate preventative solutions to address gender inequality, human rights, and economic development. Until appropriate funding and preventative measures are introduced, the underlying issues that foster human trafficking will continue

The Variable Stars and Blue Horizontal Branch of the Metal-Rich Globular Cluster NGC 6441

We present time-series VI photometry of the metal-rich ([Fe/H] = -0.53) globular cluster NGC 6441. Our color-magnitude diagram shows that the extended blue horizontal branch seen in Hubble Space Telescope data exists in the outermost reaches of the cluster. The red clump slopes nearly parallel to the reddening vector. A component of this slope is due to differential reddening, but part is intrinsic. The blue horizontal branch stars are more centrally concentrated than the red clump stars. We have discovered about 50 new variable stars near NGC 6441, among them eight or more RR Lyrae stars which are very probably cluster members. Comprehensive period searches over the range 0.2-1.0 days yielded unusually long periods (0.5-0.9 days) for the fundamental pulsators compared with field RR Lyrae of the same metallicity. Three similar long-period RR Lyrae are known in other metal-rich globulars. With over ten examples in hand, it seems that a distinct sub-class of RR Lyrae is emerging. The observed properties of the horizontal branch stars are in reasonable agreement with recent models which invoke deep mixing to enhance the atmospheric helium abundance, while they conflict with models which assume high initial helium abundance. The light curves of the c-type RR Lyrae seem to have unusually long rise times and sharp minima. Reproducing these light curves in stellar pulsation models may provide another means of constraining the physical variables responsible for the anomalous blue horizontal branch extension and sloped red clump observed in NGC 6441.Comment: 30 pages plus 6 EPS and 6 JPEG figures; uses AAS TeX. Accepted by the Astronomical Journal. Minor changes include computing He abundance, modifications to Figs 1 and 8, and expansion on idea that blue HB stars may be produced in binarie

Leadership Outcomes Based on Membership in Multicultural Greek Council (Mgc) Organizations

This study explored how involvement in Multicultural Greek Council (MGC) organizations promoted leadership development for five undergraduate students at the University of Georgia, a predominately White, research-extensive institution in the Southeast. Findings highlight significant leadership outcomes from involvement such as an increased sense of belonging to the campus community, opportunities for leadership development, interpersonal relationships influenced by organizational culture and peer expectations, and specific leadership skills development. Implications for practice are included

Supervision of resident assistant paraprofessionals in higher education : perceptions of supervisory roles

This study examined a three-role model of supervision applied to supervisors of resident assistants in higher education. The Supervisory Styles Inventory (SSI; Friedlander & Ward, 1984), which consists of three scales that assess relative emphasis of teacher, counselor, and consultant roles as perceived by supervisors, was used to explore applicability of the model. The SSI and questionnaires concerning demographic characteristics and experiential factors were administered to RA supervisors and a stratified random sample of RAs at North Carolina public universities. Responses were received from 86 supervisors and 363 RAs at 8 institutions. The factor structure underlying RA supervisor responses on the SSI was compared with the factor structure underlying counselor supervisor responses as reported by Friedlander and Ward (1984). Relationships were examined between scores on each of the three SSI scales and supervisor demographic characteristics and experiential factors. Performance on the three SSI scales was compared for subgroups of supervisors: those who differed in training program orientation and those who differed in level of congruence of perceptions with their staffs