41 research outputs found

    A prospective evaluation of the predictive value of faecal calprotectin in quiescent Crohn’s disease

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    Background: The faecal calprotectin (FC) test is a non-invasive marker for gastrointestinal inflammation. Aim: To determine whether higher FC levels in individuals with quiescent Crohn’s disease are associated with clinical relapse over the ensuing 12 months.<p></p> Methods: A single centre prospective study was undertaken in Crohn's disease patients in clinical remission attending for routine review. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the primary endpoint of clinical relapse by 12 months, based on FC at baseline, was calculated. Kaplan-Meier curves of time to relapse were based on the resulting optimal FC cutoff for predicting relapse.<p></p> Results: Of 97 patients recruited, 92 were either followed up for 12 months without relapsing, or reached the primary endpoint within that period. Of these, 10 (11%) had relapsed by 12 months. The median FC was lower for non-relapsers, 96”g/g (IQR 39-237), than for relapsers, 414”g/g (IQR 259-590), (p=0.005). The area under the ROC curve to predict relapse using FC was 77.4%. An optimal cutoff FC value of 240”g/g to predict relapse of quiescent Crohn’s had sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 74.4%. Negative predictive value was 96.8% and positive predictive value was 27.6%. FC≄240ÎŒg/g was associated with likelihood of relapse 5.7 (95% CI 1.9-17.3) times higher within 2.3 years than lower values (p=0.002).<p></p> Conclusions: In this prospective dataset, FC appears to be a useful, non-invasive tool to help identify quiescent Crohn’s disease patients at a low risk of relapse over the ensuing 12 months. FC of 240”g/g was the optimal cutoff in this cohort.<p></p&gt

    Mesure de la masse du quark top dans les canaux di-leptoniques auprÚs de l'expérience DØ au Tevatron

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    The top quark is the heaviest standard model quark. Discovered in 1995 by the two Tevatron experiments it has atypical properties. In particular its time life is so short that it decays before hadronizing, so the top quark mass could be measured with a high precision. Data collected by the DØ experiment between 2002 and 2009, which represent an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb⁻Âč, are used to measure the top quark mass by using the matrix element method in the three dilepton channels: dielectron, electron--muon and dimuon. The measured mass, 174.0 ± 1.8 (stat.) ± 2.4 (syst.) GeV, is in a good agreement with other measurements and limited by the systematic uncertainties for the first time in these channels. In this thesis different approaches have been studied to improve the accuracy of this measurement: the use of b-quark jet identification in order to optimize the selection of top--anti-top events and a better determination of the main systematic uncertainties. A special attention has been paid to the Monte-Carlo simulation of muons in DØ: the improved smearing procedure for the simulated muons, discussed in this thesis, will be used to increase the accuracy of the top properties measurements as well as the precision of many other DØ measurements.Le quark top est le quark le plus lourd contenu dans le modĂšle standard. DĂ©couvert en 1995 par les deux expĂ©riences du Tevatron, il possĂšde des caractĂ©ristiques atypiques telles qu'un temps de vie le plus court jamais observĂ© qui le fait se dĂ©sintĂ©grer avant de pouvoir s'hadroniser et donne ainsi accĂšs Ă  sa masse dont sa mesure est alors d'une trĂšs grande prĂ©cision. Les donnĂ©es accumulĂ©es par l'expĂ©rience DØ entre 2002 et 2009, reprĂ©sentant une luminositĂ© intĂ©grĂ©e de 5,4 fb⁻Âč, sont utilisĂ©es pour effectuer cette mesure Ă  partir de la mĂ©thode de l'Ă©lĂ©ment de matrice dans les canaux di-leptoniques Ă©lectron--Ă©lectron, Ă©lectron--muon et muon--muon. La valeur de la masse du quark top mesurĂ©e, 174.0 ± 1,8 (stat.) ± 2,4 (syst.) GeV, est en trĂšs bon accord avec les autres mesures effectuĂ©es. Sa prĂ©cision est limitĂ©e, pour la premiĂšre fois pour ces canaux, par les incertitudes systĂ©matiques. Dans cette thĂšse, plusieurs approches sont Ă©tudiĂ©es pour amĂ©liorer la prĂ©cision de la mesure : l'utilisation d'informations sur l'identification de jets issus de quarks b afin d'optimiser la sĂ©lection des Ă©vĂ©nements top--anti-top et une meilleure dĂ©termination des incertitudes systĂ©matiques principales. Une attention particuliĂšre est portĂ©e sur la simulation Monte-Carlo des muons Ă  DØ : l'amĂ©lioration de l'ajustement de la rĂ©solution sur la mesure de l'impulsion transverse des muons simulĂ©s avec les donnĂ©es, discutĂ©e dans cette thĂšse, sera utilisĂ©e afin d'amĂ©liorer les prochaines mesures des propriĂ©tĂ©s du quark top ainsi que d'autres analyses menĂ©es dans l'expĂ©rience
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