Respostas do estrato herbáceo à adubação organo-mineral em planossolo háplico no município de Irauçuba, Sertão Cearense.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o incremento da produção de fitomassa e as mudanças na composição florística do estrato herbáceo da vegetação em um planossolo háplico, na região de Irauçuba, Ceará. Parcelas de 6,0 x 3,0 m foram demarcadas e receberam por sorteio os seguintes fertilizantes ou suas combinações: nitrogênio (N, 400 kg/ha), fósforo (P, 100 kg/ha), potássio (K, 60 kg/ha) NK, NP, PK e NPK. Foi também aplicado o equivalente 5,0 t/ha de esterco de cabra, interessando à metade de cada parcela. Os resultados indicaram que o capim panasco responde à aplicação de nitrogênio ou deste mineral associado ao potássio e ao fósforo, porém, não apresenta aumentos da produção de fitomassa com a aplicação de fósforo separadamente e de matéria orgânica. A erva de ovelha apresenta excelentes aumentos de produção de fitomassa, quando adubada com fósforo, matéria orgânica ou com a combinação destes dois fertilizantes. A adubação orgânica só ou associada a NPK pode ser usada na recuperação de áreas degradadas sob planossolo háplico, com resultados positivos sobre a produção de fitomassa, mudanças benéficas na composição florística, com possíveis incrementos na biodiversidade da vegetação herbácea. Responses of herbaceous organic-mineral fertilization in the municipality of Planosol haplic Irauçuba, Hinterland Cearense. Abstract: The paper deals with the determination of the increment on the phytomass production and changes on the botanical composition of the herbaceous cover of the vegetaion on haplic planossol in Irauçuba region, Ceará. Plots, measuring 6,0 x 3,0 m were staked out and recieved the following fertilizer or their mixture: nitrogen (N, 400 kg/ha), phosphorus (P, 100 kg/ha), potass (K, 60 kg/ha), NK, NP, PK and NPK. Goat manure was also apllied on half of each plot at a rate of 5,0 t/ha. The results indicated that panasco grass responds to the application of nitrogen or of this mineral combined with potass and phosphorus, but, it does not show increase of phytomass production with the application of phosphorus separately and of organic matter. Erva de ovelha presents excellent increases of phytomass production with the application of phosphorus, organic matter or with the combination of these fertilizers. Organic fertilization alone, or associated with NPK may be used to the recuperation of degraded areas on haplic planossols with positive results on the phytomass production, beneficial changes on the floristic composition and with possible increments on the biodiversity of the herbaceous cover

Mineralização de carbono orgânico em solo tratado com diferentes doses de dejetos de suinos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a mineralização do carbono orgãnico de efluente da suinocultura adicionado ao solo em diferentes doses. Um experimento de incubação por 26 dias, em laboratório, utilizando-se 3 doses de efluente: 7,5 15 e 30 m³ ha-¹ mês-¹ e controle sem adição

An Arduino-Based Talking Calorimeter for Inclusive Lab Activities

UID/QUI/50006/2019 POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007265 PEest/UID/CEC/04516/2019 02/2018/ARNI (International Academic Mobility Program.PMAI) 10/2018/PROPPIT (Course Completion Work Program.PROTCC)This work describes a simple talking calorimeter for the visually impaired based on the Arduino Uno without any shield. An electronic interface was designed using a Wheatstone bridge, a thermistor, or an operational amplifier (opamp). The temperature values are communicated by a loudspeaker connected to pulse-width modulation (PWM) digital output pins 3 and 11 of the Arduino Uno. The system is based on the Talkie library for Arduino Uno. This library was developed using Linear Predictive Coding and includes about 1000 English words. Two new Talkie libraries were constructed, one for Portuguese and another for German. This device can be easily implemented in any teaching laboratory with extremely reduced costs.publishersversionpublishe

Detecção de Staphylococcus aureus utilizando a técnica de REP-PCR no monitoramento da qualidade do leite de cabra.

Resumo: Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de aplicar a técnica de REP-PCR no monitoramento da qualidade do leite de cabra por meio da detecção de Staphylococcus aureus em amostras de mãos de ordenhador, tetos das cabras, leite, ordenhadeira e água para estabelecimento e implantação do sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC). Verificaram-se vários fingerprints de todos os isolados coletados das diferentes fontes estudadas (mãos de ordenhador, tetos das cabras, leite, ordenhadeira e água). Observaram-se comportamentos muito similares das bandas, o que indica que os isolados podem ser relatados como clones epidemiológicos. As mãos do ordenhador caracterizaram-se como ponto crítico de controle, pois se destacaram como iniciador de contaminação nas amostras Staphylococcus aureus. A técnica demonstrou ser eficiente para a análise da similaridade entre indivíduos da espécie Staphylococcus aureus e, portanto, constitui ferramenta útil para investigação de falhas no manejo e na busca de controle mais eficiente para evitar ou reduzir a disseminação de microrganismos patogênicos causadores de sérias enfermidades em humanos e animais, que muitas vezes podem ser transmitidas por produtos como o leite e seus derivados. Detection of Staphylococcus aureus using the REP-PCR technique to monitor goat milk quality. Abstract: The objective of the present study was to apply REP-PCR sequences in the monitoring goat milk quality, by detecting Staphylococcus aureus, in samples of from milker hands, goat teats, milk, milking machine and water, for the future establishment and implantation of the system of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). Several fingerprints were verified of all the isolates collected from the different sources studied (milker hands, goat teats, milk, milking machine and water). Very similar band behaviors were observed that indicated that the isolates can be reported as epidemic clones. Milker's hands were was characterized as a critical control point (CCP), because it stands out as an initial point of contamination in the Staphylococcus aureus samples. The technique was shown to be efficient for the similarity analysis among individuals of the Staphylococcus aureus species, and is therefore a useful tool for investigation of management faults and consequently, in the search for more efficient control to prevent or minimize the spread of pathogenic microorganisms that cause serious illnesses in humans and animals that can be transmitted through products such as milk and its products

Expansion and access to high quality undergraduate courses in Brazil : other quality indicators for higher education

O artigo apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisa com foco na expansão e no acesso a cursos de graduação de alta qualidade avaliados pelo Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (Sinaes). Discute aspectos que favorecem a compreensão da avaliação da qualidade da educação superior e do debate sobre o Estado avaliador e o Estado regulador. Focaliza as bases epistemológicas e a disputa pela concepção de qualidade no Sinaes capazes de provocar alterações no caráter formativo-emancipatório atribuído à avaliação. A análise de quatro cursos com maior expansão e de alta qualidade, reiterada nos três ciclos avaliativos (2004-2012), evidencia que a ampliação desses cursos não se dá no mesmo ritmo da que ocorre de forma geral. A reflexão mostra também que o Enade se consolida como métrica eficaz de qualidade, mas requer associação a outros indicadores.The article presents partial results of research focused on the expansion and access to high quality undergraduate courses according to Sinaes. It discusses aspects that favor the understanding of the evaluation of quality of higher education and the debate concerning the evaluative state and the regulatory state. It approaches the epistemological basis and the dispute for the conception of quality in the Sinaes that are able to change the formative-emancipatory evaluation of the exam. The analysis of four courses with greater expansion, and the repeated high quality in the three evaluation cycles (2004-2012) indicates that the expansion of high quality courses does not occur the rhythm of the overall expansion. The reflection also demonstrates that the Enade has consolidated itself as an efficient quality metric but its association with other indicators is required

Predição da proteína bruta da dieta selecionada por ovinos em pastagem de capim-tanzânia por meio da espectroscopia fecal (NIRS fecal).

Resumo: A espectroscopia de reflectância na região do infravermelho próximo (NIRS) tem se demonstrado como uma técnica alternativa aos métodos convencionais para determinar a qualidade da dieta. Objetivou-se com este estudo desenvolver calibrações para estimar a proteína bruta da dieta ingerida por ovinos em pastagem cultivada de capim-tanzânia por meio de amostras fecais, utilizando o NIRS. As amostras da dieta selecionada de capimtanzânia foram coletadas por meio de pastejo simulado, a partir da observação direta do pastejo de 90 ovinos, enquanto as amostras de fezes foram obtidas diretamente da ampola retal. As amostras foram feitas durante 12 meses para representar toda a variação anual na qualidade do pasto. As amostras da dieta foram analisadas para o parâmetro de proteína bruta (PB), enquanto que das fezes foram obtidos os espectros. O coeficiente de determinação (R2) para calibração e validação cruzada foram de 0,80 e 0,58, respectivamente. Já a raiz quadrada média do erro (RMSE) da calibração e da validação foi de 0,59 e 0,89, respectivamente. Os comprimentos de onda que estão mais relacionados com a concentração de proteína bruta são os de 1966, 2012, 2274 2310 2350 2466 nm. Os resultados demonstram que a tecnologia do NIRS fecal pode ser utilizada como ferramenta para a predição da proteína bruta ingerida por ovinos em pastagens tropicais de capim-tanzânia. [Prediction of diet crude protein selected by sheep grazing tanzania grass through fecal NIRS spectroscopy (NIRS)]. Abstract: near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has been showed an alternative technique to conventional methods for determining the quality of the diet of grazing ruminants. This study was carried out to develop calibrations to predict crude protein on diet ingested by sheep in cultivated pasture of tanzania grass through fecal sampling, using NIRS. Samples of the diet selected during grazing were collected by hand plucking technique from the direct observation of grazing sheep, while fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum. Samples of the diet were analyzed for crude protein (CP), while from fecal samples, NIR spectra were obtained. The coefficient of determination (R2) for calibration and cross-validation were 0.80 and 0.58, respectively. The root mean square error (RMSE) of calibration and validation was 0.59 and 0.89, respectively. The wavelengths that are related to the concentration of crude protein were 1966, 2012, 2274 2310 2350 and 2466 nm. The results show that fecal NIRS technology can be used as a tool for predicting crude protein ingested by sheep grazing tropical tanzania grass

New cathepsin V inhibitor from stems of Bowdichia virgilioides

Bioassay-guided fractionation of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth, Fabaceae, extracts has led to the isolation of cathepsin V inhibitors. The investigation of the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts allowed the characterization of eleven compounds: lupeol, lupenone, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol in mixture, trans p-coumaric acid ester derivative, syringaresinol, bowdenol, 8-methoxycoumestrol, 3,4-hydroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone, 7,3′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone, and 5,4′-dihydroxy-7′-methoxyisoflavone. Structures of compounds were stablished by 1D and 2D NMR, and MS experiments. Among the isolated compounds, trans p-coumaric acid ester derivative and 8-methoxycoumestrol showed significant inhibition on cathepsin V, which is up to now unexplored. Keywords: Cathepsin, Cysteine peptidases, Inhibitors, Cerrado biom

Depressive mood ratings are reduced by MDMA in female polydrug ecstasy users homozygous for the l-allele of the serotonin transporter

Altres ajuts: Dutch Organisation for Scientifc Research, 400-07-213, 400-05-096, 400-07-2013MDMA exerts its main effects via the serotonergic system and the serotonin transporter. The gene coding for this transporter determines the expression rate of the transporter. Previously it was shown that healthy individuals with the short allelic variant ('s-group') of the 5-HTTLPR-polymorphism displayed more anxiety and negative mood, and had a lower transcriptional efficiency compared to individuals who are homozygous for the l-allele ('l-group'). The present study aimed to investigate the role of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in MDMA-induced mood effects. Four placebo-controlled, within-subject studies were pooled, including in total 63 polydrug ecstasy users (N = 48; N = 15) receiving MDMA 75 mg and placebo on two test days, separated by minimally 7 days. Mood was assessed by means of the Profile of Mood States. Findings showed that MDMA induced -independent of sex- a positive mood state, and as a side effect also increased two negative affect states, anxiety and confusion. Anxiety ratings were higher in the l-group and independent of treatment or sex. Depression ratings were lowered by MDMA in the female l-group. Findings indicate that the MDMA-induced reduction in self-rated depressive feelings is sex- and genotype-dependent, with females homozygous for the l-allele showing this beneficial effect