Learning and transfer in hierarchically structured concept attainment tasks.

The research program described in this report was conducted in conjunction with a research project directed by Dr. John A, Emrick. This project was designed to investigate the validity of a test model for individualized instruction and utilized concept learning tasks and examined acquisition trends across levels of conceptual difficulty. The rationale for this test model followed from a detailed examination of decision rule logic in single skill testing. Furthermore, this testing is considered a necessary and essential f eature of nearly all individualized instruction programs. A more detailed account of the specifics of this test model is described by Emrick and Adams (1969) and also by Emrick (1971)

Assessment of Tourism Suitability and Carrying Capacity of Selected Tourist Sites in Tinambac, Camarines Sur, The Philippines

Achieving sustainable tourism requires tourist site management that is based on empirical studies. This paper utilized the analyses of the tourism suitability index and Boullon’s Carrying Capacity Mathematical Model (BCCMM) in assessing four selected tourist sites of Tinambac, Camarines Sur, which offers a wide range of tourist destinations. Results showed that all four sites have the following suitability index and carrying capacity: 76.19% with 43 persons per day; 80.95% with 60 persons per day; 86.90% with 359 persons per day; and 91.67% with 612 persons per day, respectively. Based on the assessment, the four selected tourist sites are suitable for tourism destinations

Čech-completeness and ultracompleteness in “nice spaces”

summary:We prove that if $X^n$ is a union of $n$ subspaces of pointwise countable type then the space $X$ is of pointwise countable type. If $X^\omega$ is a countable union of ultracomplete spaces, the space $X^\omega$ is ultracomplete. We give, under CH, an example of a Čech-complete, countably compact and non-ultracomplete space, giving thus a partial answer to a question asked in [BY2]

Multiple congenital bilateral trigger digits in a 2-year-old child: case report

Trigger finger is a rare condition in children. In this paper, we report on a 2-year-old boy with multiple congenital bilateral trigger digits. The patient had no history of perinatal trauma, viral or bacterial infections, or metabolic disorders. The patient was treated with physiotherapy for one year. At the one-year follow-up, the boy presented with six trigger fingers (3 on the right hand, 3 on the left hand). Neither thumb was involved. The six trigger fingers were treated surgically: first, the right-hand trigger fingers and, six months later, those of the left hand. After each operation, a 4-week brace in extension was applied to the operated hand. The symptoms were completely resolved after surgical treatment. Many authors have recommended surgical release for the treatment of trigger finger in children; empirical treatment with physiotherapy may be an option when symptoms present or appear at an older age

Post-traumatic malunion of the proximal phalanx of the finger. Medium-term results in 24 cases treated by "in situ" osteotomy

We report the clinical and radiographic medium-term results obtained for 20 patients (24 fingers) treated surgically for post-traumatic malunion of the proximal phalanx of the finger. In all cases we performed a corrective osteoclasia or osteotomy at the site of malunion, followed by miniplate and screw fixation or by screw fixation only. The corrective osteoclasia was performed when malalignment was addressed within six weeks after injury. Two patients who had two fractures underwent additional surgery (tenolysis and/or capsulolysis) to improve function and ROM. At the final follow-up, at a mean of 24 months after corrective surgery, good or excellent clinical and radiographic results were obtained in all the patients. The pseudoclaw deformity disappeared in all cases in which a volar angulation deformity was present. An average improvement of about 30% in the range of motion of the MP and PIP joints was observed; only 4 patients complained of mild pain at the maximum degrees of articular excursion of the MP and PIP joints. All the patients presented an improvement in grip strength. The mean DASH score in our series was 5 points. In two of the four cases treated by an intra-articular corrective osteotomy, mild radiographic signs of osteoarthritis at the MP joint were present. The data for this study confirm that "in situ" osteotomy stabilized by miniplates and/or screws is an effective procedure to correct post-traumatic malunions of the proximal phalanges of the fingers

Early suppression of lymphoproliferative response in dogs with natural infection by Leishmania infantum.

Dogs are the domestic reservoirs of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum. Early detection of canine infections evolving to clinically patent disease may be important to leishmaniasis control. In this study we firstly investigated the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) response to leishmanial antigens and to polyclonal activators concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, of mixed-breed dogs with natural L. infantum infection, either in presymptomatic or in patent disease condition, compared to healthy animals. Leishmania antigens did not induce a clear proliferative response in any of the animals examined. Furthermore, mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was found strongly reduced not only in symptomatic, but also in presymptomatic dogs suggesting that the cell-mediated immunity is suppressed in progressive canine leishmaniasis. To test this finding, naive Beagle dogs were exposed to natural L. infantum infection in a highly endemic area of southern Italy. Two to 10 months after exposure all dogs were found to be infected by Leishmania, and on month 2 of exposure they all showed a significant reduction in PBMC activation by mitogens. Our results indicate that suppression of the lymphoproliferative response is a common occurrence in dogs already at the beginning of an established leishmanial infection. # 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Basin structure in the two-dimensional dissipative circle map

Fractal basin structure in the two-dimensional dissipative circle map is examined in detail. Numerically obtained basin appears to be riddling in the parameter region where two periodic orbits co-exist near a boundary crisis, but it is shown to consist of layers of thin bands.Comment: published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 72, 1943-1947 (2003

Ecotoxicity of raw and treated effluents generated by a veterinary medicine industry

Effluents from veterinary pharmaceutical industries that formulate medicines are mainly generated during the washing of equipment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the acute toxicity to Daphnia similis and chronic toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia of raw and treated effluents generated by a veterinary pharmaceutical industry. The industrial effluent treatment system comprises a step of chemical treatment (coagulation-sedimentation forced) followed by aerobic biological treatment (activated sludge process). Five samplings campaigns were performed from October 2011 to July 2012. The raw effluent samples showed high acute and chronic toxicity (acute: fourth sampling with EC50 - 48-h of <0.001% and chronic: third sampling with IC50 - 7-d of <0.0001%). The chemically treated effluent samples were the most toxic with EC50 - 48-h between <0.001 and 0.1% and IC50 - 7-d between 0.00001 and 0.0001%. This increase in toxicity is probably related to the use of aluminum sulfate as flocculating agent. The biological treatment led to a small reduction in toxicity of the effluents. The selected ecotoxicological tests were adequate for detecting the effluent toxicity and useful for evaluating the efficiency of the steps of the effluent treatment. Improvements in the industrial wastewater treatment system should be implemented in order to reduce the observed toxicity of the final effluent.Efluentes de indústrias farmacêuticas veterinárias, que formulam medicamentos, são gerados principalmente durante a lavagem dos equipamentos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a toxicidade aguda para Daphnia similis e crônica para Ceriodaphnia dubia, dos efluentes brutos e tratados gerados por uma indústria farmacêutica veterinária. O sistema de tratamento de efluentes usado é composto por uma etapa de tratamento químico (coagulação-sedimentação forçada) seguida do tratamento biológico aeróbio (processo de lodos ativados). Foram realizadas 5 campanhas de amostragens entre outubro de 2011 e julho de 2012. As amostras de efluentes brutos apresentaram elevada toxicidade aguda e crônica (aguda: quarta campanha com CE50 - 48-h de <0,001% e crônica: terceira campanha com CI50 - 7d <0,0001%). As amostras de efluentes tratados quimicamente foram as mais tóxicas com CE50 - 48-h entre <0,001 e 0,1% e CI50 - 7-d entre 0,00001 e 0,0001%, provavelmente relacionada ao uso de sulfato de alumínio como agente floculante. O tratamento biológico levou a uma pequena diminuição da toxicidade dos efluentes. Os testes ecotoxicológicos foram adequados para detectar a toxicidade dos efluentes e úteis para avaliar a eficiência das etapas do tratamento. Melhorias no sistema de tratamento de efluentes da indústria estudada deveriam ser implementadas visando à redução da toxicidade observada nos efluentes finais.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Universidade Federal de Alfenas Instituto de Ciências da NaturezaUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Aquática e Limnologia Prof. Dr. Abílio LopesUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e FarmacêuticasUNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e FarmacêuticasSciEL

The role of olive trees in rainfall erosivity and runoff and sediment yield in the soil beneath

International audienceThe modification of raindrops by the canopy of olive trees increases the kinetic energy of the rain per unit area. The kinetic energy computed from the measured drop size distribution under the tree canopy in simulated rainfall experiments is greater than that received in the open, 17.1 J mm-1, as against 15.7 J mm-1 . This causes higher soil detachment and loss than that observed outside the canopy. Tillage treatments of the soil modify its erodibility, accelerate soil detachment and reduce, simultaneously, the velocity of runoff. Both effects reduce the amount of sediment compared to that observed in the non-tilled soil. The average values of soil lost per unit of rain depth and unit area were 5.81 g mm-1 m-2 (conventional tillage) and 4.02 g mm-1 m-2 (zero tillage) under the canopy compared to 0.89 g mm-1 m-2 (conventional tillage) and 0.95 g mm-1 m-2 (zero tillage) in the open

Composition of essential oils from the species Ardisia humilis and Myrsine lineata (Primulaceae).

Poster 2015. SBOE 2015