Proyecto de biblioteca virtual sanitaria en un portal de cooperación para países en desarrollo

Ponencias de la Segunda Conferencia internacional sobre brecha digital e inclusión social, celebrada del 28 al 30 de octubre de 2009 en la Universidad Carlos III de MadridSe presenta el proyecto de diseño y desarrollo de una biblioteca virtual destinada a satisfacer las necesidades de información científica y de apoyo asistencial de aquellos sanitarios que se encuentran desarrollando tareas humanitarias en la cooperación internacional fuera de España. Impulsada por la Dirección General de Salud Pública de la Generalitat Valenciana, esta Biblioteca forma parte de un portal o plataforma virtual denominado AYUDSAN. La metodología seguida para realizar el proyecto de biblioteca virtual ha sido la de diseñar una página Web, en la que tras estudiar las fuentes de información más importante en materia biosanitaria, se ha realizado una amplia selección de recursos de acceso abierto y de carácter gratuito, elaborado un formulario Web y facilitado una dirección electrónica para que los usuarios puedan realizar sus consultas a través de un servicio de referencia virtual

Spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of invasive and native mosquitoes in a large Mediterranean city

Mosquitoes, including invasive species like the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, alongside native species Culex pipiens s.l., pose a significant nuisance to humans and serve as vectors for mosquito-borne diseases in urban areas. Under- standing the impact of water infrastructure characteristics, climatic conditions, and management strategies on mosquito oc- currence and effectiveness of control measures to assess their implications on mosquito occurrence is crucial for effective vector control. In this study, we examined data collected during the local vector control program in Barcelona, Spain, focusing on 234,225 visits to 31,334 different sewers, as well as 1817 visits to 152 fountains between 2015 and 2019. We investigated both the colonization and recolonization processes of mosquito larvae within these water infrastructures. Our findings re- vealed higher larval presence in sandbox-sewers compared to siphonic or direct sewers, and the presence of vegetation and the use of naturalized water positively influenced larval occurrence in fountains. The application of larvicidal treatment significantly reduced larvae presence; however, recolonization rates were negatively affected by the time elapsed since treat- ment. Climatic conditions played a critical role in the colonization and recolonization of sewers and urban fountains, with mosquito occurrence exhibiting non-linear patterns and, generally, increasing at intermediate temperatures and accumulated rainfall levels. This study emphasizes the importance of considering sewers and fountains characteristics and climatic condi- tions when implementing vector control programs to optimize resources and effectively reduce mosquito populations

Preparation of carbon dioxide adsorbents from the chemical activation of urea–formaldehyde and melamine–formaldehyde resins

10 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables.-- Available online Aug 14, 2006.Adsorption is considered to be one of the more promising technologies for the capture of CO2 from flue gases. In general, nitrogen enrichment is reported to be effective in enhancing the specific adsorbent–adsorbate interaction for CO2. Nitrogen enriched carbons were produced from urea–formaldehyde and melamine–formaldehyde resins polymerised in the presence of K2CO3 as a chemical activation agent, with activation undertaken over a range of temperatures. CO2 adsorption capacity was determined to be dependent upon both textural properties and more importantly nitrogen functionality. Adsorbents capable of capturing above 8 wt.% CO2 at 25°C were produced from the chemical activation of urea–formaldehyde resin at 500°C. Chemical activation seems to produce more effective adsorbents than CO2 activation.The authors are grateful for support for this work provided by the Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFC-CR-03008) and for CP a grant from Plan I + D + I Gobierno del Principado de Asturias.Peer reviewe

Female-female competition is influenced by forehead patch expression in pied flycatcher females

There is increasing evidence that sexual selection operates in females and not only in males. However, the function of female signals in intrasexual competition has been little studied in species with conventional sex roles. In the Iberian populations of the pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), some females express a white forehead patch, a trait that in other European populations, only males exhibit and has become a classical example in studies of sexual selection. Here, we investigated whether the expression of this trait plays a role in female-female competition during early breeding stages. To test this hypothesis, we simulated territorial intrusions by challenging resident females with stuffed female decoys expressing or not a forehead patch. We found that resident females directed more attacks per trial and maintained closer distances to non-patched decoys than to patched ones. Also, patched females were more likely to attack the decoy than non-patched females. Interestingly, females were more aggressive against the decoys when their mate was absent. This may indicate that females relax territory vigilance in the presence of their mate or that males interfere in the interaction between competing females. The behavior of resident males was also observed, although it was not affected by decoy's patch expression. Our findings suggest that the forehead patch plays a role in female intrasexual competition. If the forehead patch signals fighting ability, as it does in males, we may interpret that non-patched females probably avoided repeating costly agonistic encounters with the most dominant rivals.Fil: Morales, J.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; EspañaFil: Gordo, O.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Estación Biológica de Doñana; EspañaFil: Lobato, E.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; España. Cibio - Centro de Investigação Em Biodiversidade E Recursos Genéticos; PortugalFil: Ippi, Silvina Graciela. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Reg.universidad Bariloche. Departamento de Zoología. Cátedra de Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Martínez de la Puente, J.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Estación Biológica de Doñana; EspañaFil: Tomás, G.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; EspañaFil: Merino, S.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; EspañaFil: Moreno, J.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales; Españ

Nuevos aportes al conocimiento del Paleozoico inferior del área de Salar del Rincón, Puna occidental, Argentina

Se presentan aquí nuevos hallazgos de graptolitos, trilobites y palinomorfos, tanto marinos como terrestres, realizados en el área de Salar del Rincón. Este análisis multidisciplinario constituye un nuevo aporte para el conocimiento del Paleozoico inferior de la Puna occidental. En el área han sido definidas dos unidades del Paleozoico inferior, la más antigua corresponde al complejo volcano-sedimentario de la Formación Las Vicuñas, constituido por areniscas silíceas y volcaniclásticas, lutitas y coquinas intercaladas con rocas volcánicas silíceas depositadas en un ambiente marino somero. En esta unidad se reconoció la presencia de dos especies de importancia en la correlación regional e intercontinental del límite Cambro-Ordovícico. Abundantes especímenes del trilobite Jujuyaspis keideli Kobayashi han sido identificados en coquinas, mientras que, rabdosomas multirramosos de graptolitos fueron coleccionados en lutitas negras y asignados aquí a Rhabdinopora flabelliformis parabola (Bulman), indicadora de una edad Tremadociana temprana. Por su parte, formas biseriadas conservadas en areniscas de grano fino a medio se han localizado por primera vez en el miembro superior de la Formación Salar del Rincón. Las mismas estarían indicando una edad ordovícica tardía a silúrica. Esta edad también es sugerida por la asociación de quitinozoos de la parte superior de este miembro, principalmente caracterizada por especies de Cyathochitina y Spinachitina de afinidades nordgondwánicas y laurénticas. Asimismo, el microfitoplancton marino (acritarcos y algas prasinofíceas) y las criptoesporas de origen terrestre, provenientes de niveles próximos al tope de la unidad, respaldan esta edad. En particular los acritarcos evidencian, como en otras regiones del mundo, un recambio durante el Hirnantiano, con la aparición de taxones típicamente silúricos que posteriormente se diversifican durante este último período. Este análisis brinda nuevos elementos de juicio para ajustar la edad de las unidades aflorantes en el área, confirmando que éstas representan un lapso temporal que involucra los límites Cambro-Ordovícico y, posiblemente, Ordovícico-Silúrico.Simposio I: 2º Simposio de bioestratigrafía y eventos del Paleozoico inferiorTrabajo subsidiado mediante los proyectos ANPCyT-PICT 1272 y CONICET-PIP 112-200801-01994.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Understanding the Influence of the Biomass-Derived Alcohols on the Activity and Stability of Pt Nanoparticles Supported on Graphene Nanoribbons

We produced Pt/GNRs by a one-step synthesis procedure and evaluated their electroactivity and stability towards glycerol electrooxidation reaction (GEOR) for the first time. We compared the electrocatalytic performance of GEOR with methanol and ethanol electrooxidation on Pt/GNRs at identical experimental conditions. The activities and stabilities for the electrooxidation of these biomass-derived alcohols on Pt/GNRs were compared to commercial Pt/C. The synthesis of the Pt/GNRs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and Raman spectroscopy. We found that the activities of Pt/GNRs for these reactions are comparable to Pt/C, with improvement in terms of current density for methanol electrooxidation. Comparing potentiostatic measurements, we found that glycerol produces lower pseudo-stationary current densities than ethanol and methanol on both catalysts, with greatest values found for methanol electrooxidation on Pt/C. Otherwise, the GNRs remarkably enhance the stability of the catalyst for all the reactions, by increasing the stability of the current density during successive potential cycles, and by preventing the loss of electrochemically active surface area by avoiding carbon corrosion and Pt detachment. Moreover, we showed that the stability of the NPs depends on the biomass-derived alcohol used. The solution containing methanol reveals itself the most aggressive electrochemical environment to the catalyst, impacting in the decrease of surface area, while glycerol is less aggressive. Hence, the different products formed at the interface electrode/solution might lead to a different electrochemical environment, which plays an important role on the stability of the catalysts.The authors acknowledge financial assistance from CNPq (grant no. 454516/2014-2), FUNDECT (grant no. 026/2015), FAPESP (grant no. 2016/01365-0), CAPES, FINEP, and FAPESP.Peer reviewe

Factibilidad de un programa de mindfulness en pacientes oncológicos del Perú: un estudio piloto aleatorizado

  DOI: 10.26439/persona2020.n023(1).4832 The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of a program of mindfulness intervention applied to cancer patients in the city of Arequipa, Peru. Participants were randomly selected for a six-week program or for the control group. We used psychometric instruments to measure stress and depression. Adherence and participations of the patients in the program demonstrate the feasibility of the program with breast cancer in Peru. Results show that, in comparison with the control group, there was significant reductions of perceived stress and depression amongst participants.DOI: 10.26439/persona2020.n023(1).4832 El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar la factibilidad de la intervención cognitiva basada en mindfulness (MBCI) para pacientes con cáncer de mama en la ciudad de Arequipa, Perú. Se seleccionaron 26 pacientes con cáncer de mama entre las edades de 37 a 73 años para el presente estudio piloto. Las participantes fueron asignadas aleatoriamente al programa de entrenamiento MBCI de seis semanas de duración o al grupo de control. Se utilizaron instrumentos psicométricos sobre estrés percibido y depresión para colectar los datos antes y después del entrenamiento de MBCI. La adherencia y participación de las pacientes en el programa, así como sus reportes con base en el protocolo clínico después de la intervención, confirman la factibilidad de la utilización del programa MBCI en pacientes con cáncer de mama en el Perú. Los resultados indican que, en comparación con el grupo de control, las participantes en el programa MBCI reportaron reducciones significativas en el estrés percibido y la depresión

Circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis and systematic review of case-control and prospective cohort studies

The associations between circulating vitamin D concentrations and total and site-specific colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence have been examined in several epidemiological studies with overall inconclusive findings. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of both case-control and prospective cohort studies was to evaluate the association between CRC and circulating levels of vitamin D. The main exposure and outcome were circulating total 25(OH)D and CRC, respectively, in the overall population (i.e., all subjects). Two reviewers, working independently, screened all the literature available to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria (e.g., case-control or prospective cohort studies, published in English, and excluding non-original papers). Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method using a random or fixed effect model, as approriate. Heterogeneity was identified using the Cochran's Q-test and quantified by the I2 statistic. Results were stratified by study design, sex, and metabolite of vitamin D. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. A total of 28 original studies were included for the quantitative meta-analysis. Meta-analyses comparing the highest vs lowest categories, showed a 39% lower risk between levels of total 25(OH)D and CRC risk (OR (95% CI): 0.61 (0.52; 0.71); 11 studies) in case-control studies; whereas a 20% reduced CRC risk in prospective cohort studies (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.66; 0.97); 6 studies). Results in women mirrored main results, whereas results in men were non-significant in both analyses. Our findings support an inverse association between circulating vitamin D levels and CRC risk

Innovación pedagógica en toxicología: simulación situada, impacto en el aprendizaje

La propuesta de este trabajo busca implementar modelos de “enseñanza con simulaciones escénicas”, en la cual se logre acercar a los alumnos a situaciones y elementos artificiales, pero lo más similares posible a los de la realidad (Joyce y Weil, 2002), a fin de desarrollar en ellos habilidades prácticas útiles para su vida profesional.Eje 1: Innovación y exploración en cambios de modalidades en cursadasFacultad de Ciencias Exacta